tkrd] tacwf}i] fu ;ketsë] fn'kkdkd] ckos:-

Størrelse: px

Begynne med side:

Download "tkrd] tacwf}i] fu ;ketsë] fn'kkdkd] ckos:-"

Tove Løken
5 år siden
Visninger:

ÞckS/n tkrd dfksrqu izfrfcachr gks.kkjs lkeqfnzd O;kikjß Jh- fot; cliik d Gh ihpmh la'kks/kd lkjka'k % izkphu dkgkiklwu Hkkjrkr leqnz O;kikj dsyk tkrks- leqnz O;kikjkps osxosxg;k fbdk.

1 ÞckS/n tkrd dfksrqu izfrfcachr gks.kkjs lkeqfnzd O;kikjß Jh- fot; cliik d Gh ihpmh la'kks/kd lkjka'k % izkphu dkgkiklwu Hkkjrkr leqnz O;kikj dsyk tkrks- leqnz O;kikjkps osxosxg;k fbdk.kh myys[k fegr vlys rjhgh cks/n tkrd xzafkkrwu izek.khkwr o fof'oluh; ekfgrh feg.;kl enr gksrs- ts"b lkfgr;hd nqxkz Hkkxor ;kap;k erkuqlkj tkrd dfkkaph fufezrh b-l-iwoz rhljs rs b-l-ukp;k nwljs 'krd ;k dky[kamkr >kyh- v'kk tkrd dfkkap;k lgk ;kus izkphu Hkkjrkrhy lkeqnzhd O;kikj] O;kikjkrhy olrq] O;kikjh la?k ¼Js.kh½ izkphu Hkkjrh; egroiw.kz canjs] O;kikjh ekxz] nh'kkn'kzd ;a+«ks b- xks"vhaoj izdk'k Vkdrk ;srks- ;k tkrd dfksrqu ufou la'kks/ku iw.kz ekfgrh izdk'kkr vk.k.ks gk ;k la'kks/kukpk eq[; gsrq vkgscht lakk % tkrd] tacwf}i] fu ;ketsë] fn'kkdkd] ckos:- izklrkfod % b-l-iwoz 486 e/;s Eg.ktsp o;kp;k 80 O;k o"khz xksre cq/nkaps fu/ku dq'khuxj ;sfks >kys- 1 R;kaP;k e`r;wuarj cks/n /kekzpk izlkj FKkacyk gksrk- R;keqGs w w w. a a r h a t. c o m I S S N V o l - I I I s s u e s V Page 187

2 gk /kezizdkj iqozor gks.;klkbh xksre cq/nkap;k f'k";kauh R;kauh lkafxrysy;k dfkkaps ladyhdj.k dsys- R;kykp tkrd dfkk vls Eg.krkr- 2 Þtkrdß Egt.ks xr tuekrhy dfkk gks;- 3 cks/n /kekzp;k eku;rsuqlkj xksre cq/nkauh 546 tue?ksrys o izr;sd tuekr,d,d xq.k fegowu R;kauk cq/n~ro izkir >kys- lqrrfivdkrhy] [kqídfudk; e/khy 15 O;k Hkkxkr ;kps ladyu dsys vkgs- 4 v'kk d'kkae/kwu ;s.kkú;k izr;{k o vizr;{k ekfgrhp;k vk/kkjs izkphu Hkkjrkrhy lkeqnzh O;kikjkoj izdk'k Vkdrk ;srks- tkrd dfksrhy izeq[k canjs % izkphu Hkkjrkrhy lkeqnzhd canjkapk myys[k osxosxg;k xzafkkrwu izr;{k o vizr;{kjhr;k dsysy;k o.kzukrwu fegr vlys rjhgh cks/n tkrd dfkkae/kwu lq/nk ;kps lfolrj fooj.k dsysys vkgs- v'kk tkrd dfkkae/kwu izkphu Hkkjrkrhy canjkaph ekfgrh fegrs- 'kqikzjd] 5 Hk:dPN] 6 rkezfyirh] lqo.kzhkqeh] 7 [kqjekyh] 8 vxxheky] n/kheky] omxkoeq[k 9 dfkkae/;s fegrks- lkeqnzhd O;kikjh ekxz % b- izeq[k O;kikjh canjkapk myys[k tkrd izkphu dkgkiklwu Hkkjrkpk leqnz O;kikj ikgkr vlrkuk izfke fla/kq lal rhrhy O;kikj ikg.ks egrokps Bjrs- yksfky ;sfkhy mr[kuuke/;s tgktkph xksnh fegkysyh vlwu ;ko:u fla/kq lal rhrhy yksd osxosxg;k ns'kka'kh leqnz O;kikj djhr vlkosr- 10 ;k dkgkrhy lkeqnzhd O;kikjh ekxkzapk vh;kl dj.;klkbh tkrd dfkkpk mi;ksx gksrks- ;k canjkapk mi;ksx varxzr o ijns'kh; O;kikj dj.;klkbh dsyk tkr gksrk- Hk`x`dPN ;k canjkekxsz lqo.kzhkqehyk tkåu O;kikj w w w. a a r h a t. c o m I S S N V o l - I I I s s u e s V Page 188

3 djhr vlr- ;k ekxkzr vlysy;k rkijkcksuz 11 ;k ns'kk'kh O;kikjdsyk tkbz- ;kp ekxkzus elqyhiv~vu iklqu caxkypk milkxj ikj djwu iwoszdmhy }hidyikyk tkr vlr- gk ekxz ljg ;o}hi] lqo.kz}hi] paik o dackstyk tksmysyk gksrk- ;k eksb;k leqnzkr dksyach;k izdkjps tgkt ykxr vls- 12 leqnz O;kikj o fn'kkn'kzd ;a=s % tkrd dfkkap;k vh;klkrwu jkspd o osf'k"v; iw.kz ekfgrh fegrs- izkphu dkgkr fokku ra=kkukph izxrh >kyh ulrh rjhgh leqnz O;kikj dj.;klkbh fn'kkn'kzd ;a= Eg.kwu i{;kapkk mi;ksx dsyk tkbz-ßfn'kkdkdþ 13 ¼dkoGk½ P;k enrhus ijns'kh; O;kikj dsyk tkr gksrk- ;k nh'kkdkdps osf'k"v Eg.kts tsfks euq"; olrh vlsy rsfksp rks vkiys olrhlfkku djrks- ;k osf'k"v;kpk Qk;nk?ksÅu izkphu Hkkjrh; O;kikÚ;kauh ijns'kh; O;kikj dsyk- v'kk i{kkapkk fn'kkn'kzd ;a+= Eg.kwu izkphu Hkkjrh; O;kikÚ;kauh mi;ksx dsyk- rj i-e-tks'kh ;kap;k ers leqnz O;kiklj djrkukr; O;kikÚ;kadMs nh'kk ;a= vls- R;k fn'kk;a=dke/;s,d yks[kamh eklk rsykr rjaxr Bsoysyk vls o R;kps rksam usgeh mrrjsdms vls- 14 ;k osxosxg;k lk/kukapk okij d:u leqnz O;kikj dsyk tkr gksrk- O;kikjhoLrq % tkrd dfkkap;k ek/;ekrwu izkphu Hkkjrkrhy O;kikjh olrqaoj izdk'k Vkdrk ;srks- O;kikjh olrqae/;s fofo/k izdkjps lqrh dkim] glrhnar] elky;kps inkfkz] vks"k/kh oulirh] eksy;oku [kms] jrus] panu] dklokph ikb] fofo/k Ik'kq] ik.kh b- pk lekos'k gksrks- ckos: tkrdke/;s fn'kkdkdpk okij fn'kk;a=ad Eg.kwu djhr w w w. a a r h a t. c o m I S S N V o l - I I I s s u e s V Page 189

4 vlrkukp gk i{kh ckwchyksu 15 iq<p;k osgsl eksjkpk O;kikj d:u rks 100 dk"kkzi.kkyk fodyk- 16 v'kh jatdi.kwz ekfgrh fegrs- O;kikjh Js.kh % cks/n tkrd dfkkap;k lgk ;kus izkphu Hkkjrkrhy leqnz O;kikjkcjkscjp O;kikjh Js.khaps Eg.ktsp O;kikjh la?kkph ekfgrh feg.;kl enr gksrs- vkiyk O;kikj O;oLFkhr o lqj{khr jhr;k ikj ikm.;klkbh leqgkus O;kikj dsyk tkbz- Js.khP;k izeq[kkyk ÞJs"Bhß 17 Eg.kr- Js"BhP;k funsz'kkuqlkj laiw.kz leqnz izokg dsyk tkr gksrk- v'kk O;kikjh Js.khaps dkgh fu;e vlr- rs fu;e eksm.kkú;kl Js.khrqu ckgsj dk<ys tkr- vkiy;k O;kikjkrwu feg.kkú;k u ;krwu dkgh jdde lektksi;ksxh dkekalkbh nku nsr vly;kps myys[k fegrkr- 18 ewy;ekiu % Hkkjr gk e/;orhz O;kikjkps dsanz Eg.kwu izfl/n gksrk- Js.khaP;k ek/;ekrwu O;kikjh nqjp;k izns'kkr tkåu O;kikj djr gksrs- la?kvhr i.ks dsysy;k O;kikjkrwu Hkkjrh; O;kikjh /ku/kku;kus le`/n >kys- brdsp uogs rj vkiy;krhy dkgh jdde /kkfezddkekalkbh nku nsr vly;keqgs Hkkjrkr 'ksy LFkkiR;kph] eafnjkaph o oklrqaph fufezrh gks.;kl enr >kyh- izk-hkkjrkrhy O;kikjkrhy izxrh eqgsp e/;dkgkrhy oklrqaph fufezrh >kyh- izkphu HkkjrkP;k vkffkzd LFkS;kZlkBh O;kikjkrhy izxrh gs egrokps dkj.k gks;- O;kikÚ;kauh leqnz O;kikj djhr vlrkuk la?kvhri.ks gk O;kikj dsy;kps fnlrs- vlk O;kikj gksr vlrkuk la?kvhri.ks gk O;kikj dsy;kps fnlrs- vlk O;kikj gksr vlrkuk dkgh osgsl uslfxkzd ladvkoj ekr djhr lq[k:ii.ks vkiy;k O;kikjkr ok< dsy;kph fnlrs- w w w. a a r h a t. c o m I S S N V o l - I I I s s u e s V Page 190

5 vlk O;kikj gksr vlrkuk dkgh osgsl uslfxzd ladvkoj ekr djhr lq[k:ii.ks vkiy;k O;kikjkr ok< dsy;kph fnlrs- gk O;kikj djhr vlrkuk osxosxg;k olrwp;k O;kikjkrwu eksb;k izek.kkr Qk;nk fegfor vlr- lanhkz xzafk 1- MkW-Hkkxor nqxkz] [kam Ø- 4 i`- Ø fdrrk] [kam Ø- 1 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 1 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 4 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 4 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 4 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 4 i` JhokLro cyjke] Trade and Commerce in ancient India, i`- Ø mijksdr] [kam Ø Jh osno;kl] i`- Ø i- tks'kh egknso 'kkl=h] ejkbh fo'odks'k] [kam 6 i`- Ø JhokLr cyjke] Trade and Commerce in ancient India, i`- Ø MkW-Hkkxor nqxkz] [kam Ø-3] i`- Ø fdrrk] [kam Ø- 3 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 3 i` fdrrk] [kam Ø- 3 i` MkW-lkS-ukbZduojs] xk;dokm] izkphu o e-hkjrkpk brhgkl] i` mijksdr] [kam 4 i`-13 w w w. a a r h a t. c o m I S S N V o l - I I I s s u e s V Page 191

Like dokumenter

dsafnz; vf/kdks"k o R;kph Hkwfedk o dk;sz Functions of Central Bank

dsafnz; vf/kdksk o R;kph Hkwfedk o dk;sz Functions of Central Bank Lok Mahavidyalaya, Wardha Session 2018-19 Study Material Class B.A. II (IV semester) Economics Sub :- Macro Economics dsafnz; vf/kdks"k o R;kph Hkwfedk o dk;sz Functions of Central Bank izlrkouk %& izr;sd