Vol. 2, Issue 10, October 2016, ISSN:

EkfgYkkaPkk jktkdh k LkgHkkXk ¼TkkXkfRkd IkfjIkzs{ kkkrkwuk½ Ikzk-vUkaRk EknUk vkokvh IkzEkq[k] jkt k'kkl«k fokhkkxk] Jh-O kadvs'k EkgkfOk kyk k] nsågxkkokjktkk ftk-ckqykmk.kk Abstract LkEkkTkkRk EkfgYkkaUkk fdrkh mppk jktkdh k LFkkUk vkf.k LkEkkUk jktkdh k Lka/kh fekgrks g kkokj R kk jktkdh k LkEkkTkkP kk IkzXkRkhPks EkksTkEkkIk djrkk ksrks- *jktkdkj.k Eg.kTks Ikq#"kkaPks {ks«k* gh IkzLFkkfIkRk EkkUkfLkdRkk vlkrkkukk vkf.k fuk.kz kikfø ksrkhyk LkOkksZPPk IknJs.khRk fl«k kkapks IkzEkk.k dekh vlkrkkukk TkkXkfRkd IkkRkGhOkj IkaRkIkz/kkUk] jk"vªk/ k{k vkf.k EkgkLkfPkOk v'kk TkXkkRkhYk EkksB kk IknkaOkj fl«k kkaukh fokjktkekkuk gks.ks gh fukf'pkrkpk,sfrkgkflkd?kvukk BjRks- Ik.k LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRkhYk dk knsekamgkpks fpk«k EkfgYkkaP kk "VhUks fukjk'kktkukd vkgs- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk Ikq#"k LknL kkaiks{kk EkfgYkk LknL kkapks IkzEkk.k dekh vkgs- R;kpk vk<kok?ks.ks gk ;k kks/kfuca/kkpk mn~ns k vkgs- Keywords : jktkdkj.k] LkEkkTk] Ikq#"k] EkfgYkk] TkXk 20 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

IkzLRkkOkUkk % Reseach Paper dks.kr kkgh fokf'k"v LkEkkTkkPks vkjksx k vkf.k Lkq[k kkapkk vkjlkk EkfgYkk vkgsrk] kkrk dks.krkhgh 'kadk Ukkgh- LkEkkTkkRk EkfgYkkaUkk fdrkh mppk jktkdh k LFkkUk vkf.k LkEkkUk jktkdh k Lka/kh fekgrks g kkokj R kk jktkdh k LkEkkTkkP kk IkzXkRkhPks EkksTkEkkIk djrkk ksrks- EkfgYkkaPks jktkdh k LFkkUk mapkkoky kkf'kokk k HkkjRkkPks vflrkrok fvd.kkj Ukkgh] vlks EkRk EkgkREkk Xkka/kh kkaukh O kdrk dsyks gksrks- Ikk'PkkR k TkXkRkkRk Ýs apk jkt køkarkh gksbzik k±rk L«kh LOkkRka«kkPkk dsokg fokpkkjlkq/nk ÖkkYkk UkOgRkk] gs Yk{kkRk?ksRkYks IkkfgTks ¼XkksLkkOkh] 2009%90½- 6 O kk 'krkdkrkhyk LOkRka«k LkEkkTkkRkhYk EkgkUk IkqjLdRkkZ TkkWUk LVqvVZ EkhYkUks EkfgYkk vkf.k Ikq#"kkaP kk LkEkRksPks LkEkFkZUk dsyks vkgs (Shukla, 2007:1). fl«k kkaukk LOkkRka«k koks Ok f'k{k.k] Ukksdjh vkf.k EkRknkUk kk CkkCkRkhRk Ikq#"kkabRkdsPk gdd koksrk] vlks BkEkIk.ks EkkaM.kkjk TkkWUk LVqvVZ fekyk gk IkfgYkk Ikk'PkkÙ k jktkdh k fokpkkjokark fnlkwuk ksrkks ¼XkksLkkOkh] 2009%90½- Position of Women in Hindu Civilization kk Xkz afkkrk MkW-,-,Lk vkgrksdj vlks Eg.kRkkRk dh] duq kqf'k klk] vwfjlvkwvyk] fekyvuk] #Lkks br kknèukh vlks LkkafXkRkYksYks fnlkrks dh] fl«k kk EkqGkRk Ikq#"kkaIks{kk dfuk"b IkzRkhP kk vlkrkkrk R kkekqgs R kk UksgEkh Ikq#"kkaIks{kk nq kek ntkkzp kk jkgko kkrk ¼IkkVhYk vkf.k Tkk/kOk] 2005%138½- fl«k kk vkf.k EkqYks kkaukk IkzkS< Ikq#"kkaP kk RkqYkUksRk nq kek LFkkUk fnyks TkkRks] gk EkkUkOkh TkhOkUkkP kk bfrkgklkkpkk,d HkkXkPk vkgs- fekykp kk fyk[kk.kkik k±rk Ikk'PkkÙ k LkEkkTkkUks fl«k kkapks LFkkUk nq kek EkkUkY kkpks fnlkrks- kk fok"kekrksp kk LkEkFkZUkkFkZ T kk T kk fokpkkjokarkkukh dkj.ks LkkafXkRkYkh] Rkh LkXkGhPk gkl kklikn OkkV. kktkksxkh vkgsrk- mnk- vwfjlvkwvyk fl«k kkaukk nq kek ntkkz nsrkkukk Eg.kRkks dh] TkUkUkfØ ksek/ ks fl«k kkapkk LkgHkkXk gk nq kek ntkkzpkk vlkrkks- vkok' kd vlkyksykh ÅTkkZ fukekkz.k dj. kklkkbh L«kh Lk{kEk UkLkRks- UkOkTkkRk CkkYkdkP kk 'kkjhfjd vkf.k EkkUkfLkd fokdklkklkkbh YkkXk.kkjh ÅTkkZ Ikq#"kkdMwUk IkqjfOkYkh TkkRks] L«khdMwUk Ukkgh- FkkWEkLk gkwctklkkj[kk fokpkkjokark Rkj vlks Eg.kRkks dh] IkjEksÜOkjkUksPk fl«k kkaukk Ikq#"kkPkk EknRkUkhLk vlks LFkkUk CkgkYk dsyks vkgs- YkkWdP;k EkRks L«kh LOkkRka«k vkf.k L«kh&Ikq#"k LkEkkUkRkk kk CkkCkRkhRk FkksMh LIk"V vlkykh Rkjh IkfjIkw.kZ UkkghRk( IkjaRkq IkzR k{k LkaLknsEk/ ks L«kh&LOkkRka«k vkf.k L«kh&Ikq#"k LkEkkUkRkk kk fok"k kkaokj Rkks fl«k kkaukk fuk.kz klokkrka«k ns. kkp kk fok#/n Hkk"k.ks djrkkukk fnlkrkks- R kkp kk EkRks L«kh&Ikq#"k fekgwuk CkUkYksY kk fekj LkaLknsRk fl«k kkaokj Ikq#"kkaUkk vkd"kwzuk?ks.kk& kk Xkq.kkaPkk IkzHkkOk vf/kd IkMwUk R kk vk/kkjkokj R kk fuk.kz k?ksrkhyk Ok Ikq#"k R kkaukk Rkks?ksÅ nsrkhyk- FkksMD kkrk vlks fnlkrks] dh IYksVksIkkLkwUk Ikq<s vuksd Ok"ksZ dks.kr kkgh fokpkkjokarkkuks L«kh&Ikq#"k LkEkkUkRksfOk"k kh kfkkfkzik.ks fokpkkj dsykk Ukkgh ÇdOkk fykfgyksgh Ukkgh ¼XkksLkkOkh] 2009%90&91½- 21 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

EkfgYkkaUkk EkRkkf/kdkjkPkh IkzkIRkh % 'krkdkukq'krkds Ikq#"kIkz/kkUk O koklfksp kk fokpkkjkap kk PkkSdVhRk fl«k kkaukk vtkqukgh nq kek LFkkUk vkgs- IkzR ksd ns'kkrkhyk v/khz EkkUkOk'kDRkh gh L«kh 'kdrkh vkgs- Ik.k Ikq#"kIkz/kkUk LkaLd`RkhUks L«kh 'kdrkhykk CkafnLRk dsy kkekqgs gh L«kh 'kdrkh vmxkghrkpk IkMYkh- R kkpks Ikfj.kkEk XkaHkhj LOk#IkkRk Ikq<s vkyks- nqlkú kk Ekgk kq/nkukarkj L«kh Ikz'UkkaUkk PkkYkUkk fekgkykh- b-lk- 1960 Rks 1970 P kk n'kdkrk L«kh PkGOkGh TkksEkkUks mh kk jkghy kk Ok R kkrkwuk EkfgYkk LkCkYkhdj.kkPkk fokpkkj Ikq<s vkykk- b-lk- 1975 gs Ok"kZ vkarkjjk"vªh k EkfgYkk Ok"kZ Eg.kwUk IkkGY kk XksYks- Rkj b-lk- 1975 Rks 1985 gs EkfgYkk n'kd Eg.k~wUk?kksf"kRk dsy kk XksYks- b-lk- 1975] 1980] 1985 Ok b-lk- 1994 kk Ok"khZ EkfgYkk Ikfj"knk LkaIké ÖkkY kk- Lka kqdrk jk"vªkp kk vkeklkhksuks EkfgYkk gdd LkUknsYkk fn- 18 fmlks ackj 1979 Ykk EkaTkqjh fnykh- 19 O kk 'krkdkrk EkRknkUkkPkk vf/kdkj Ek kkzfnrk gksrkk- CkgqRkka'k ns'kkrk EkfgYkkaUkk EkRknkUkkPkk vf/kdkj UkOgRkk- EkfgYkkaUkk EkRknkUkkPkk vf/kdkj CkgkYk dj.kkjs U kqökhykam gs TkXkkRkhYk IkfgYks jk"vª vkgs- 1893 LkkYkh U kqökhykamuks EkfgYkakUkk EkRknkUkkaPkk vf/kdkj CkgkYk dsykk ¼nsOkGk.kdj] 2005%54½- vkwlvªsfyk kkuks 1902] fqukyk MUks 1906] TkEkZUkhUks 1918] veksfjdsuks 1920] baxykamuks 1928] ÝkULkUks 1944] bvykhuks 1945] IkkfdLRkkUkUks 1947] PkhUkUks 1949 vkf.k HkkjRkkUks 1950 Ek/ ks fl«k kkaukk EkRknkUkkPkk vf/kdkj IkznkUk dsykk- kk IkkÜOkHkwEkhOkj EkfgYkkaPkk jktkdh k LkgHkkXk Okk<Ykk dk\ vkf.k EkfgYkk [kjks[kj LkCkYk ÖkkYkh dk\ kkpkh PkPkkZ gks.ks vkok' kd vkgs- IkzR k{k Ykksd'kkghPks Ekkgsj?kj EkkUkY kk Tkk.kk- kk flokrökyk±mek/ ksgh 1971 Ik k±rk EkfgYkkaUkk EkRkkf/kdkjkIkkLkwUk OkafPkRk BsOkY kk XksYks ¼PkksjEkkjs] 2004%13½] EkgkLkÙkk EkkUkY kk Tkk.kk- kk Lka kqdrk jkt k veksfjdspkh jkt k?kvukk b-lk- 1787 Ek/ ks Rk kkj ÖkkYkh gksrkh- Ik.k frkfks EkRkkf/kdkj fekgfok. kklkkbh EkfgYkkaUkk b-lk- 1920 Ik k±rk IkzfRk{kk djkokh YkkXkYkh- LkaLknh k Ykksd'kkghPkh TkUkUkh EkkUkY kk Tkk.kk- kk baxykamek/ ks b-lk- 1918 Ek/ ks EkfgYkkaUkk EkRkkf/kdkj fnykk XksYkk- b-lk- 1928 Ek/ ks L«kh-Ikq#"k EkRkkf/kdkjkP kk vvh Lkkj[ kk dj. kkrk vky kk ¼HkksGs] 2004%268½- UkOOknhP kk n'kdkikklkwuk *Ykksd'kkgh* vkf.k *Ykksd'kkghdj.k* vkf.k *L«kh Lk{kEkhdj.k* gs TkkXkfRkd IkkRkGhOkjhYk jktkdh k PkPkkZfOk'OkkRkhYk dghpks 'kcn CkUkYks vkgsrk- LIksUk] IkksRkqZXkkYk br kknh nf{k.k kqjksikh k ns'kkaikklkwuk Ykksd'kkghdj.kkP kk frklkú kk YkkVsLk vkjahk ÖkkYkk- nf{k.k kqjksikh k ns'kkark 1974 LkkYkh Lkq: ÖkkYksYkh gh YkkV YkWfVUk veksfjduk ns'k] IkwOkZ kqjksik] LkksfOk,Rk kqfuk kuk] nf{k.k vkf'k kk kh ns'k vkf.k vkfýdh ns'kkaik k±rk ksåuk /kmdykh vkf.k frkuks R kk R kk HkkXkkRkhYk vuksd vf/kdkj'kkghokknh v'kk fckxkj Ykksd'kkgh jktkokvh LkaIkq"VkRk vk.ky kk- Ykksd'kkghdj.kkLkkBhPks gs LkOkZ mbkok YkksdkaP kk mrlqwrkz LkgHkkXkkRkwUk vkf.k vkanksykukkrkwuk RkLksPk UkkXkjh LkEkkTkkP kk LkfØ krksrkwuk fukekkz.k ÖkkYks gksrks- ns'kksns'khp kk kk Ykksd'kkghdj.kkP kk YkkVsRk fl«k kkapkkgh LkgHkkXk Yk{k.kh k gksrkk- fckxkj 'kklkdh k Lka?kVUkk] LOk kalkkgk kh XkV] d`frkxkv] LkkEkkfTkd PkGOkGh] Lkks'kYk EkhfM kk] fukokm.kqdk vknh Ekk/ kekkrkwuk Ykksd'kkghdj.kkP kk IkzfØ ksrk fl«k kk LkfØ k ÖkkY kk gksr kk- fl«k kkapkk gk 22 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

LkgHkkXk Ykksd'kkghdj.kkYkk CkGdVh vk.k.kkjk gksrkk- ns'kksns'khp kk kk Ykksd'kkghdj.kkP kk YkkVsRk fl«k kkaukh mpkykyksykk OkkVk Yk{kkRk?ksRkk Ykksd'kkgh jktkdkj.kkykk,d UkOks OkG.k fekg. kkpkh 'kd krkk fukekkz.k ÖkkYkh- fl«k kkap kk jktkdkj.kkrkhyk Okk<R kk LkgHkkXkkEkqGs Ykksd'kkgh jktkdkj.k gs Xkq.kkREkdn`"V kk CknYksYk brkdspk UkOgs Rkj Ykksd'kkghPkh dyikukkgh vf/kdkf/kd vk'k k?kuk gksrk TkkbZYk] vlkk vk'kkokkngh O kdrk dsykk XksYkk- fl«k kkap kk Okk<R kk LkgHkkXkkEkqGs jktkdkj.kkpkk UkSfRkd LRkj mapkkoksyk] Rks mùkjksùkj vf/kd LkH k CkUkRk TkkbZYk- v'khgh meksn fukekkz.k ÖkkYkh ¼lqear] 2014½- Ik.k fl«k kkapkh dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkpkh TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh Ikq#"k LknL kkap kk RkqYkUksRk dekhpk vk<grks- R kkekqgs R kkapkk LkgHkkXk Ikq#"k LknL kkap kk RkqYkUksRk dekhpk vkgs- TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh (World Average): bavj IkkYkZEksVajh kqfuk kukp kk vgokkykkukqlkkj 31 TkqYkS 2010 jkstkh dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkpkh TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh (World Average) Ikq<hYkIkzEkk.ks gksrkhdk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh (World Average) dk knsekamg LknL kkapkh,dxk`gh dk knsekamg Okfj"B Lka kqdrkik.ks nksugh Lka[ kk @dfuk"b LkHkkXk~`g LkHkkXk`g LkHkkXk`gs dk knsekamgkrkhyk,dw.k 39]178 6]895 46]073 LknL k Ikq#"k LknL k 30]195 5]357 35]552 EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh Lka[ kk 8]983 1]538 10]521 EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh 22-9 22-3 22-8 VDdsokjh (Women in parliaments, World Average (online), Available from:- http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/world html, [Accessed 15 th October 2016]) OkjhYk RkDR kkek/ ks EkkfgYkk LknL kkpkh TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh n'kzfok. kkrk vkykh vkgs- TkXkkRkhYk fokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkp kk nksugh LkHkkXk`gkRkhYk,dw.k LknL kkpkh Lka[ kk 46]073 vkgs- R kkiksdh dsokg 10]521 EkfgYkk LknL kk vlkwuk R kkapks IkzEkk.k 22-8 VDds,Ok<s vkgs- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk Ikq#"k LknL kkaiks{kk EkfgYkk LknL kkapks IkzEkk.k 77-2 VDD;kUks dekh vkgs- nksugh LkHkkXk`gkRkhYk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh RkqYkUkk dsykh vlkrkk vlks vk<gwuk ksrks dh] dfuk"b LkHkkXk`gkIks{kk Okfj"B LkHkkXk`gkRkhYk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh LkjkLkjh 0-6 VDD;kUks dekh vkgs- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRkhYk dk knsekamgkpks fpk«k EkfgYkkaP kk "VhUks fukjk'kktkukd vkgs- 23 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

b-lk- 1945 Rks 2005 kk dkgkrkhyk dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkpkh TkkXkfRkd LkjkLkjh (World Average) Ok"kZ 1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2000 2005,dXk`gh dk knsekamg@dfuk"b LkHkkXk`gkRkhYk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh VDdsokjh (%) Okfj"B LkHkkXk`gkRkhYk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh VDdsokjh (%) 3-0 7-5 8-1 10-9 12-0 11-6 13-4 16-2 22-9 2-2 7-7 9-3 10-5 12-7 9-4 10-7 14-8 22-3 ¼L«kksRk% Women in Parliaments, 1945-2005 online, Available from: http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/egm/eg/men/final Repart.pdf, [Accessed 1 th October 2016]) OkjhYk RkDR kkok#uk vlks fukn'kukkzlk ksrks dh] 1945 Rks kk dkgkrkhyk fokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkapks IkzEkk.k Okk<Rk XksYks vlkyks Rkjh vktkgh Rks Ikq#"kkaP kk RkqYkUksRk dekh vkgsbavj IkkYkZEksVajh kqfuk kukp kk vgokkykkukqlkkj 31 TkqYkS 2010 jkstkh fokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrkhyk LknL kkpkh LkjkLkjh Ikq<hYkIkzEkk.ks gksrkhfokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkk LkgHkkXk TkkXkfRkd ns'k dfuk"b LkHkkXk`g Okfj"B LkHkkXk`g ØEkOkkjh fukokm.kqdk TkkXkk EkfgYkkaPkh VDdsokjh fukokm.kqdk TkkXkk EkfgYkkaPkh VDdsokjh fnukkad Lka[ kk fnukkad Lka[ kk 1 jokkamk 16-09- 80 51 63-8 26-09-2011 26 10 38-5 2 CkksfYg kk 12-10- 2014 130 69 53-1 12-10-2014 36 17 47-2 3 D kqckk 03-02- 612 299 48-9 --- --- --- --- 5 flokmuk 4-09-2014 349 152 43-6 --- --- --- --- 7 EksfDLkdks 07-06- 500 212 42-4 01-07-2012 128 43 33-6 14 UkkOksZ 09-09- 169 67 39-6 --- --- --- --- 28 vtks±fvukk 25-10- 257 92 35-8 25-10- 72 30 41-7 36 flokrökyk±m 8-10- 200 64 32-0 23-10-2011 46 7 15-2 48 UksIkkG 19-11- 595 176 29-6 --- --- --- --- 48 XkzsV fckzvuk 07-05- 649 192 29-6 miyc/k 799 204 25-5 24 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

ukgh 53 vqxkkf-klrkkuk 8-09-2010 249 69 27-7 10-01- 68 18 26-5 187 IkYkkÅ 187 drkkj 187 VksaXkks 187 kseksuk 63 ÝkULk 10-06- 2012 64 dwukmk 19-10- 73 PkhUk 05-03- 77 Lka kqdrk vjck 24-09- vkekhjkrk 2011 85 IkkfdLRkkUk 11-05- 97 Lka-jkT ks 04-11- veksfjdk 2014 143 HkkjRk 07-04- 2014 185 dqoksrk 27-07- 186 vkseksuk 25-10- 187 gsrkh 09-08- 06-11- 2012 01-07- 27-11- 2014 27-04- 2003 577 151 26-2 28-09-2014 348 87 25-0 338 88 26-0 miyc/k ukgh 88 34 38-6 2959 699 23-6 --- --- --- --- 40 9 22-5 --- --- --- --- 340 70 20-6 05-03- 104 19 18-3 433 84 19-4 04-11-2014 100 20 20-0 543 62 11-43 21-03-2016 245 27 11-02 65 1 1-5 --- --- --- --- 85 1 1-2 07-11- 85 14 16-5 92 0 0-0 09-08- 22 0 0-0 16 0 0-0 06-11-2012 13 3 23-1 35 0 0-0 --- --- --- --- 26 0 0-0 --- --- --- --- 275 0 0-0 28-04-2001 111 2 1-8 (WORLD CLASSIFICATION-Women in national parliaments (online), Available from:-http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm] [Accessed 15 th October 2016]) bavj IkkyZ kkekasvjh kqfuk kuk P kk vgokkykkukqlkkj 2016 Ek/ ks EkfgYkk IkzfRkfUkf/kROkkPks LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkPks IkzEkk.k 22-8 VDds vkgs- fokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkkaP kk Lka[ kspkh RkqYkUkk dsykh vlkrkk gs Yk{kkRk ksrks dh LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk HkkjRkkPkk 143 Okk ØEk vkgs- brkj ns'kkap kk RkqYkUksRk jokkamkek/ ks LkOkkZf/kd Eg.kTks dk knsekamgkp kk dfuk"b LkHkkXk~`gkRk 63-8 VDds Ok Okfj"B LkHkkXk`gkRk 38-5 VDds EkfgYkk LknL kk vkgsrk- UksIkkG] IkkfdLRkkUk vkf.k PkhUkP kk dk knseka amgkrk HkkjRkkP kk LkaLknsIks{kk TkkLRk EkfgYkk LknL kk vk<gwuk ksrkkrk- gsrkh] IkYkkÅ] drkkj] VksaXkks vkf.k kseksuk kk ns'kkrkhyk dk knsekamgkrk,dgh EkfgYkk LknL kk UkLkY kkpks fnlkwuk ksrks- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRkhYk dk knsekamgkpks fpk«k EkfgYkkaP kk "VhUks fukjk'kktkukd vkgs- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk Ikq#"k LknL kkaiks{kk EkfgYkk LknL kkapks IkzEkk.k dekh vkgs- fokfok/k ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkkaP kk 25 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

Lka[ kspkh RkqYkUkk dsykh vlkrkk gs Yk{kkRk ksrks dh LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk HkkjRkkPkk 143 Okk ØEk vkgs- UksIkkG] IkkfdLRkkUk vkf.k PkhUkP kk dk knseka amgkrk HkkjRkkP kk LkaLknsIks{kk TkkLRk EkfgYkk LknL kk vk<gwuk ksrkkrk- fokdflkrk vlk.kkú kk XkzsV fckzvuk ¼29-6 VDds½] ÝkULk ¼26-2 VDds½] dwukmk ¼26 VDds½] PkhUk ¼23-6 VDds½] veksfjdk ¼20 VDds½ kk ns'kkap kk dk knsekamgkrk EkfgYkk IkzfRkfUk/khPkh Lka[ kk Ikq#"k IkzfRkfUk/kÈP kk RkqYkUksRk dekhpk vk<grks- HkkjRkkRkgh EkfgYkkaPkk jktkdh k LkgHkkXk Ikq#"kkaP kk RkqYkUksRk dekhpk vk<grkks- Hkkjrh; LkafOk/kkUkkUks fl«k kkaukk Ikq#"kkaIkzEkk.ksPk LkEkkUk jktkdh k vf/kdkj IkznkUk dsyks- TkkRk] /kekz] OkXkZ] TkUEkLFkkUk vkf.k f'k{k.k ÇdOkk LkaIkÙkh gs vk/kkj Xk`fgRk Uk /kjrkk HksnHkkOkjfgRk EkRkkf/kdkj HkkjRkkP kk LkOkZ UkkXkfjdkaUkk IkznkUk dsykk- jkt k?kvuksrk L«kh Ok Ikq#"k kkapkk ntkkz LkEkkUk EkkUk. kkrk vkykk ¼,TkkTk] 2002%343½- jktkdh k Ok LkkEkkfTkd {ks«kkrk fl«k kkaukk Ikq#"kkabRkdsPk LkEkkUk gdd fekgkyks ¼nsOkGk.kdj] 2009%54½- LOkkRka«kksÙkj dkgkrk HkkjRkkRk LkaLknh k Ykksd'kkghP kk Ekk/ kekkrkwuk fl«k kkapkk jktkdkj.kkrk IkzOks'k gkså YkkXkYkk- LkaLkn] jkt kkpkh fokf/kekamgs] dsaæh k Ok jkt k Eka«khIkfj"knsRk Lkq/nk fl«k kkapkh Lka[ kk Ikq#"kkaP kk RkqYkUksRk UkXk. k jkfgykh vkgs- LOkkRka«kkUkaRkjP kk Lkgk n'kdkrk YkksdLkHksRkhYk EkfgYkk IkzfRkfUkf/kÙOkkPks gs fpk«k QkjLks vk'kknk kd Ukkgh- fu d kz % LkEkkTkkRk EkfgYkkaUkk fdrkh mppk jktkdh k LFkkUk vkf.k LkEkkUk jktkdh k Lka/kh fekgrks g kkokj R kk jktkdh k LkEkkTkkP kk IkzXkRkhPks EkksTkEkkIk djrkk ksrks- *jktkdkj.k Eg.kTks Ikq#"kkaPks {ks«k* gh IkzLFkkfIkRk EkkUkfLkdRkk vlkrkkukk vkf.k fuk.kz kikfø ksrkhyk LkOkksZPPk IknJs.khRk fl«k kkapks IkzEkk.k dekh vlkrkkukk TkkXkfRkd IkkRkGhOkj IkaRkIkz/kkUk] jk"vªk/ k{k vkf.k EkgkLkfPkOk v'kk TkXkkRkhYk EkksB kk IknkaOkj fl«k kkaukh fokjktkekkuk gks.ks gh fukf'pkrkpk,sfrkgkflkd?kvukk BjRks- Ik.k LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRkhYk dk knsekamgkpks fpk«k EkfgYkkaP kk "VhUks fukjk'kktkukd vkgs- LkaIkw.kZ TkXkkRk Ikq#"k LknL kkaiks{kk EkfgYkk LknL kkapks IkzEkk.k dekh vkgs- LkEkRksP kk vaxkkuks fokpkkj djrkk Ikq#"kkaPkh EkDRksnkjh vlkyksy kk dqby kkgh {ks«kkrk fl«k kkaukh IkkÅYk Vkd.ks] LkÙkkLFkkUks fekgok.ks kkapks LOkkXkRkPk ÖkkYks IkkfgTks- flokmuk] nf{k.k vkfýdk] UkkOksZ] vtks±fvukk] dwukmk] ÝkULk] XkzsVfCkzVUk vkf.k bvykh kklkkj[ kk ns'kkaek/ ks jktkdh k Ik{kkUkhPk vkiky kk meksnokkjkaek/ ks EkfgYkkaUkk vkj{k.k fny kkuks dk knsekamgkrkhyk EkfgYkk LknL kkapkh Lka[ kk Okk<Ykh vkgs- R kkpkk fokpkkj brkj ns'kkaek/ ks vkf.k HkkjRkkRkLkq/nk ÖkkYkk IkkfgTks- 26 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.

LkanHkZ EkjkBh LkanHkZ XkksLkkOkh] 'kjn] 2009] O kfdrklokkrka«kkpkh CknYkRkh LkadYIkUkk] Ikq.ks] Mk kekam IkfCYkds'kULk- PkksjEkkjs] Ogh-] 2004] L«kh LkÙksPkh IkgkV] dksygkikwj],dlkikzslk IkfCYkÇ'kXk gkålknsokgk.kdj],lk-] 2005] LkEkdkYkhUk TkkXkfRkd jktkdkj.k] vksjaxkkckkn] fok k Ikzdk'kUk IkkVhYk Ikh- vkf.k Tkk/kOk,Lk-] 2005] HkkjRkh k bfrkgklkkrkhyk fl«k kk] dksygkikqj] QMds] Ikzdk'kUk- HkksGs Hkk-Yk-] 2004] 'kklkuk Ok jktkdkj.k-rkksykfukd v/ k kuk] UkkXkIkwj] ÇIkIkGkIkwjs vw.m da IkfCYk'kLkZlqear] ; koar] 2014] fl«k kk] fukokm.kqdhpks jktkdkj.k vkf.k Ykksd'kkghdj.k] ns- yksdlkùkk] fn- 26,fizy 2014 Çgnh LkanHkZ,TkkTk] RkUkOkhj] 2001] * EkfgYkkvksa ds fyk, vkj{k.k* UkkjhOkknh jktkukhfrk-lka?k"kz,oka Ekqís blkeksa Ikzdkf'kRk] ¼LkaIkknd-vk kz],lk-] EksEkUk],Uk-] vksj YkksdUkhRkk] Tks-½ fnyykh] Çgnh Ekk/ kek dk kkzuok k fukns'kkyk k fnyykh foküokfok kyk k] baxkztkh LkanHkZ Shukla, A.K., 2007, Political Status of Women, New Delhi, APH Publication. Women in Parliaments, 1945-2005 online, Available from:- http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/egm/eg/men/final Repart.pdf, [Accessed 15 th October 2016] Women in parliaments, World Average (online), Available from:- http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/world html, [Accessed 15 th October 2016] WORLD CLASSIFICATION-Women in national parliaments (online), Available from:-http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm] [Accessed 15 th October 2016]) 27 AMA Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief EIJMR, All rights reserved.