Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Facts and Figures 2009 Facts and Figures is an annual publication by the Norwegian Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers (LMI). This publication is a collection of statistics on medicines, health and the pharmaceutical market. You can download the figures in PDF and PowerPoint. Illustrations This year s issue is illustrated with pictures by Robert Dales. Robert Dale attended Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia and graduated with a degree in Visual Communication and Graphic Design. He worked as a Graphic Designer at Esquire Magazine in their Promotion Department. From there he went to New York Magazine where he worked in the Design Department and later as an Associate Art Director at Newsday. While in New York he taught Graphic and Portfolio design for many years at the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan. His illustrations have appeared in magazines, on book covers, TV and on the Web and have garnered many awards. (Source: Corbis) Publisher: Legemiddelindustrien (LMI) Visiting address: Essendrops gate 3, Oslo Postal address: PO-Box 5094 Majorstuen, N-0301 OSLO E-mail: lmi@lmi.no Home page: www.lmi.no Phone: (+47) 23 16 15 00 Fax: (+47) 23 16 15 01 Print: Lobo Media AS Published: Oslo, februar 2009 Illustrations: Robert Dale/Corbis/Scanpix Reproduction of text and graphs is permitted with indication of source. 2

Content Abbreviations 5 Summary 8 The medicine market in Norway 10 1.01 The number of MA, active ingredients and medicines in Norway 12 1.02 New and withdrawn active ingredients 14 1.03 Pharmaceutical sales in Norway in the last few years 15 1.04 Sales growth by value 16 1.05 Sales growth by volume (DDD) 17 1.06 The Norwegian pharmaceutical market by main therapeutic groups (ATC) 18 1.07 The top 25 pharmaceutical companies on the Norwegian market 20 1.08 The top 25 medicines on the Norwegian market in terms of sales value 21 1.09 The top 25 active ingredients as measured by defined daily doses (DDD) 22 1.10 Market share of generics (DDD) 23 1.11 Generics share of the generics interchangeable market 24 1.12 Market share of parallel imported medicines 25 1.13 Market share for wholesalers 26 1.14 Pharmacy chain market share 27 1.15 Pharmacy chain market share, exclusive hospital pharmacies 28 1.16 Total number of users of prescription medicines in Norway 29 1.17 Number of inhabitants per pharmacy in Europe 30 1.18 Pharmaceutical consumption (DDD) in the Nordic countries 31 1.19 Distribution of the Nordic medicine market 2008 32 1.20 Nordic sales growth 2008 33 1.21 Medicine sales per inhabitant in the Nordic countries 2008 34 1.22 Leading pharmaceuticals on the global market 35 1.23 The Norwegian medicines market in relation to Europe 36 1.24 Leading pharmaceutical companies on the global market 37 Price and financing 38 2.01 Changes in prices of medicines and general inflation 40 2.02 Public spending on reimbursable prescription medicines 41 2.03 Payment for pharmaceutical consumption 42 2.04 Public health expenditure per inhabitant 43 2.05 Public spending on health care and medicines 44 2.06 Expenditure on medicines in the private and public sector 45 2.07 Daily costs for the 25 most commonly used medicines 46 2.08 The consumer s medicine expenses compared to other expenses 48 2.09 National Insurance expenditure 49 2.10 Health care expenditure 50 2.11 Prisnivå på legemidler i et utvalg europeiske land 51 2.12 VAT on medicines and other goods and services in Europe 52 2.13 Copayment for reimbursable medicines 53 2.14 Medicine costs as share of expenditure on health care in the OECD 54 2.15 Distribution of operating costs in specialised health care 55 3

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Non-prescription medicines 56 3.01 Sales of non-prescription medicines 58 3.02 Non-prescription medicines, share of total market value (PRP) and DDD 59 3.03 The top 25 non-prescription medicines in terms of sales value 60 3.04 Non-prescription medicines sales by selected therapy groups (ATC) 61 3.05 The top 10 pharmaceutical companies in the OTC medicines market 62 3.06 Non-prescription medicines, market share (PRP) in selected countries 63 3.07 Split by category of general sales outlets for non-prescription medicines 64 3.08 Segmentation of sales for non-prescription medicines 65 Veterinary medicines 66 4.01 The top 10 veterinary medicines for aquaculture in terms of sales value 68 4.02 The top 10 veterinary medicines for mammals in terms of sales value 69 4.03 The top 5 companies within aquaculture 70 4.04 The top 10 companies within veterinary medicines excluding aquaculture 71 The pharmaceutical industry in Norway 72 5.01 The investment of the pharmaceutical industry in R&D 74 5.02 Investments in research and development, percentage of sales 75 5.03 Submitted clinical trials 76 5.04 Ongoing clinical trials performed by the pharmaceutical industry 77 5.05 Industry initiated clinical trials 78 5.06 Norway s imports and exports of medicines 79 5.07 Number of employees in the pharmaceutical industry in Norway 80 5.08 Employees in companies with production facilities in Norway 81 5.09 Estimated total cost for bringing a new medicine to market 82 5.10 Investments in R&D by therapeutic groups 83 Memberfirms - Contact information 84 4

Abbreviations AESGP ATC Association of the European Self-Medication Industry. Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical, medical classification of medicines. DDD Defined daily dose, average value indicating the standard intake of a given medicine in 24 hours. EFPIA European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations. GDP Gross Domestic Product HOD Ministry for Health and Care Services LIS Norwegian Drug Procurement Co-operation, co-ordinates hospital medicine procurement NOK Norwegian kroner OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OTC Over-the-counter, non-prescription medicines PPP Pharmacy purchase price, price paid by pharmacy/retailer to wholesaler PRP Pharmacy retail price, price paid by consumer to pharmacy/retailer USD American dollars PhRMA Pharmaceutical research and manufacturers of America Real growth Growth adjusted for inflation. Nominal growth Growth not adjusted for inflation. SSB Statistics Norway 5

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care LMI - The Pharmaceutical Industry in Norway Norske og utenlandske legemiddelfirmaer som selger legemidler i Norge har sin egen bransjeorganisasjon. LMI arbeider med myndighetskontakt, generell profilering av industrien, bransjeservice, utredningsarbeid og produksjon av statistikk. Foreningen driver kursvirksomhet og utdanner blant annet legemiddelkonsulenter og monitorer til kliniske utprøvinger. LMI deltar aktivt i internasjonale bransjeforeninger for produsenter av legemidler. Felleskatalogen produseres av ett av datterselskapene til LMI. Også Farmastat, som produserer og selger legemiddelstatistikk, er et datterselskap. LMI arbeider for at legemiddelindustrien skal anerkjennes som en viktig bidragsyter til helse og livskvalitet i Norge. Norske pasienter skal sikres rask tilgang til riktige og kostnadseffektive legemidler. For å oppnå dette må legemidler ikke utelukkende betraktes som en utgiftspost på statsbudsjettet, men som viktige innsatsfaktorer i helsetjenesten. Det er også viktig at rammebetingelsene for industrien gir rom for forskning og utvikling av nye medisiner, og at det stimuleres til vekst i farmasøytisk virksomhet i Norge. Helseøkonomi og legemiddeløkonomiske analyser får en stadig viktigere rolle, og legemiddelindustrien vil gjerne bidra med og stimulere til økt kunnskap. Industrien er også opptatt av å øke kompetansenivået i helsetjenesten, og samarbeider med norsk helsepersonell om utvikling og bruk av nye og mer effektive legemidler. Rammer for samhandlingen med øvrige aktører innen helsetjenesten er fastlagt i gjensidig forpliktende samarbeidsavtaler. Markedsføring av medisiner er strengt regulert, og bransjen har selv det praktiske ansvaret for å håndheve regelverket. Dnlf og LMIs råd for legemiddelinformasjon er et selvjustisorgan industrien har sammen med legeforeningen. Rådet vurderer markedsføringen, gir bedriftene råd, og kan bøtelegge de bedriftene som ikke følger regelverket. 43 legemiddelfirmaer var tilsluttet LMI pr 1. januar 2009. 6 av disse firmaene produserer legemidler i Norge. Medlemmene representerte ca. 83 prosent av legemiddelomsetningen i 2008, og har i underkant av 4 300 ansatte i Norge. De ansatte arbeider innenfor områder som medisinsk forskning, klinisk utprøving, produksjon, registrering, distribusjon, bivirkningsovervåkning, markedsføring samt pris- og refusjonsspørsmål. En viktig del av dette arbeidet er informasjon, opplæring og etterutdannelse av leger og annet helsepersonell. 6

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Summary Omsetningen av legemidler var på anslagsvis 17,2 milliarder kroner i 2008, målt i apotekenes utsalgspris (AUP). Målt i apotekenes innkjøpspris (AIP) var omsetningen på 11 milliarder kroner. Justert for inflasjon sank legemiddelomsetningen med ca. 2 prosent. De siste årene har legemiddelmarkedet vært preget av liten eller ingen vekst. Dette har sammenheng med myndighetenes pris- og refusjonspolitikk samt patentutløp for legemidler med høy omsetning. Dette bidrar også til å forklare hvorfor omsetningsveksten i Norge stort sett er lavere enn i våre naboland. Omsetningsvekst i volum Omsetningen målt i volum, dvs. definerte døgndoser (DDD), økte med 3,3 prosent. Dette er en noe lavere vekst enn foregående år hvor omsetningsveksten i volum har ligget mellom fire og åtte prosent. Markedet for byttbare legemidler Generikaandelen av legemiddelmarkedet (kopipreparatene) har økt sterkt de siste årene. I 2008 var omsetningen av generiske legemidler like i underkant av 40 prosent. Generisk bytte i apotek, patentutløp for flere store legemidler og trinnprissystemet for prising av byttbare legemidler, har bidratt til økningen av omsetningen av kopipreparater. Legemidlene med høyest omsetning Legemidler mot revmatiske lidelser og astma dominerer også i 2008 oversikten over legemidler med høyest omsetning i Norge. Målt i DDD var legemidler mot høyt kolesterol og forebygging av blodpropp og tannråte mest brukt. Utgifter til legemidler og helseformål Utgifter til helsetjenesten utgjør en stadig økende andel av de totale offentlige utgiftene. Legemidlenes andel av utgifter til helseformål har vært synkende siden 2001. Utgifter til legemidler utgjør 3 prosent av driftskostnadene i spesialisthelsetjenesten. Utviklingen i legemiddelprisene Legemidlene er blitt betydelig rimeligere de senere årene. I perioden 2000 til og med 2008 har legemiddelprisene i gjennomsnitt sunket med 2,3 prosent i året, mens konsumprisindeksen har hatt en gjennomsnittlig årlig økning på 2,1 prosent. Dette indikerer en årlig realprisreduksjon på i overkant av 4 prosent. Reseptpliktige og reseptfrie legemidlers andel av totalmarkedet 3,2 millioner nordmenn benytter reseptpliktige legemidler i løpet av et år. Reseptfrie legemidler utgjorde 12,5 prosent av den totale legemid- 8

delomsetningen. Omsetningen av reseptfrie legemidler økte noe mer enn omsetningen av reseptpliktige legemidler i 2008. Forskning og utvikling I 2007 brukte legemiddelindustrien i Norge 835 millioner kroner til forskning og utvikling. LMIs medlemsfirmaer har de siste årene investert mellom 8 og 10 prosent av omsetningen i forskning og utvikling (FoU). Legemiddelindustrien er en vesentlig bidragsyter til medisinsk forskning. I overkant av 14 000 norske pasienter deltok i kliniske utprøvninger i 2007. Dette er omtrent på nivå med året før, men betydelig færre enn for få år siden. I 2008 observeres det for første gang en nedgang i antall virkestoffer og antall legemidler i forhold til året før. Det ble registrert 36 nye virkestoffer i Norge. Ved utløpet av året var det 1 882 registrerte legemiddelnavn på det norske markedet, fordelt på ca. 9 000 markedsføringstillatelser. Legemidler som innsatsfaktor Legemidler utgjør en mindre del av helsebudsjettet i Norge enn i de fleste europeiske land. Legemiddelforbruket i Norge ligger under gjennomsnittet i Norden. Merverdiavgift på legemidler Norge er ett av tre europeiske land som krever full merverdiavgift (mva) på legemidler. I det øvrige Europa har legemidler som refunderes av det offentlige gjennomgående lavere mva enn andre varer og tjenester. Gjennomsnittlig ordinær mva er i underkant av 20 prosent, mens mva på legemidler i gjennomsnitt er ca. 10 prosent. Produksjon av legemidler 9 legemiddelfirmaer produserer legemidler i Norge, og de eksporterer til rundt 130 land. Norge importerer langt mer legemidler enn vi eksporterer. Veterinærmedisinske legemidler Totalomsetningen av veterinærlegemidler utgjorde i underkant 800 millioner kroner i 2008. Legemidler til akvakultur (oppdrettsnæringen) utgjorde den største del av omsetningen. Tilgjengelig på internett Alle tall, figurer og tabeller i denne boken finnes også på LMIs nettsted, www.lmi.no. Hvis du vil vite mer om de enkelte legemidlene, kan du klikke deg inn på www.felleskatalogen.no eller www.felleskatalogen. no/pasientutgave. 9

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care The medicine market in Norway 10

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 1.01 The number of marketing authorisations, active ingredients and medicines in Norway 0 1 316 1 396 4 562 2002 1 354 1 507 5 303 2003 Number of active ingredients 1 371 1 645 6 046 2004 Data as of December 31. 2008 Source: The Norwegian Medicines Agency 1 387 1 838 6 392 2005 1 414 1 994 2006 Number of medicines 12 6 829 1 449 2 145 8 004 2007 1 449 1 882 9 089 2008 Number of MA

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Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 1.02 New and withdrawn active ingredients Year New active ingredients Withdrawn active ingredients 2000 36 * 2001 45 * 2002 48 * 2003 24 * 2004 29 12 2005 25 13 2006 47 20 2007 51 16 2008 36 36 Source: The Norwegian Medicines Agency * Number not available 14

1.03 Pharmaceutical sales in Norway in the last few years 20000 18000 17050 17250 17200 17500 17200 16000 14400 15900 15950 14000 13350 NOK Million 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 Figures in 2008-currency Source: LMI/Farmastat, Statistics Norway 15

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Percentage growth 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% -2% 1.04 Sales growth by value 6,5% 3,3% 2000 11,4% 8,1% 2001 11,8% 2002 10,4% 2,8% 0,4% 2003 7,5% 7,1% 2004 Source: LMI/Farmastat and Statistics Norway 2,5% 2005 16 0,9% Nominal growth Growth in fixed prices 1,9% -0,4% 2006 3,0% 2,3% 1,8% 2007 2008-1,7%

1.05 Sales growth by volume (DDD) 9% 8% 8,0 % 7,3 % 7,7 % 7% 6% 6,2 % 5,9 % Sales growth DDD 5% 4% 3% 3,4 % 4,5 % 4,1 % 4,7 % 2% 1% 1,3 % 0% 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Source: LMI/Farmastat 17

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care L 1.06 The Norwegian pharmaceutical market by main therapeutic groups (ATC) Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents Sales PPP 2008, NOK Million Growth 2007-2008 Share of total sales 2008 2 191 9,6% 19,8% N Central nervous system 2 000-4,0% 18,8% C Cardiovascular system 1 365-4,6% 12,3% A Alimentary and metabolism 1 126-1,4% 10,2% R Respiratory system 1 057 1,2% 10,1% B Blood and bloodforming organs 738 9,8% 6,7% J Systemic antiinfectives 591 6,0% 5,3% G Urogenitals and sex hormones 584 0,9% 5,3% M Musculo-skeletal system 286-0,5% 2,9% H Systemic hormones excl. sex hormones 292 6,2% 2,6% S Sensory organs 252 7,3% 2,3% D Dermatologicals 244 5,2% 2,2% V Various 123 7,6% 1,1% P Antiparasitic products 32-1,4% 0,3% Total 10 881 1,8% 100,0% Source: LMI/Farmastat 18

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Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Rank 2008 (2007) Company 1.07 The top 25 pharmaceutical companies on the Norwegian market Sales 2008 PPP, NOK Million Sales growth Market share 1 (1) Pfizer AS 853-9 % 7,7% 2 (2) Astrazeneca AS 827-5 % 7,5% 3 (3) GlaxoSmithKline AS 707-3 % 6,4% 4 (5) Novartis Norge AS 635 12 % 5,7% 5 (4) Schering-Plough AS 613 5 % 5,5% 6 (8) sanofi-aventis 507 18 % 4,6% 7 (6) Wyeth Norge 457 2 % 4,1% 8 (9) Nycomed Pharma AS 424 2 % 3,8% 9 (7) MSD (Norge) AS 385-11 % 3,5% 10 (10) Roche Norge A/S 362 4 % 3,3% 11 (13) Novo Nordisk Scandinavia AS 279 6 % 2,5% 12 (14) Abbott Norge AS 274 7 % 2,5% 13 (11) *Farmagon AS 270-14 % 2,4% 14 (15) Weifa AS 269 6 % 2,4% 15 (16) Bayer Schering Pharma 244-2 % 2,2% 16 (17) Janssen-Cilag AS 211-12 % 1,9% 17 (12) Eli Lilly Norge AS 207-34 % 1,9% 18 (18) Alpharma AS 202-12 % 1,8% 19 (20) Boehringer Ingelheim Norway KS 190 13 % 1,7% 20 (23) ratiopharm AS 171 27 % 1,5% 21 (21) H. Lundbeck A/S 162 5 % 1,5% 22 (-) Meda A/S 148 56 % 1,3% 23 (22) Merck Serono 145 1 % 1,3% 24 (24) Amgen 138 7 % 1,3% 25 (25) LEO Pharma AS 122 10 % 1,1% Aggregate sales top 25 companies 8800 79,7% Aggregate sales all companies 11 043 2 % 100 % *Parallell importers Source: LMI/Farmastat 20

1.08 The top 25 medicines on the Norwegian market in terms of sales value Rank 2008 (2007) Company Sales 2008 PPP NOK mill. Sales growth Share of total sales Area of application 1 (1) Enbrel 384 12,7% 3,5% Rheumatoid arthritis 2 (2) Remicade 280 13,9% 2,5% Rheumatoid arthritis 3 (3) Seretide 243 0,3% 2,2% Asthma 4 (5) Humira 186 16,5% 1,7% Rheumatoid arthritis 5 (11) Nexium 149 70,5% 1,4% Gastric ulcer 6 (6) Symbicort Turbuhaler 148 8,2% 1,3% Asthma 7 (8) Cipralex 121 4,6% 1,1% Depression 8 (10) Paracet 111 14,0% 1,0% Pain 9 (21) Ibux 95 29,2% 0,9% Pain 10 (4) Lipitor 94-43,7% 0,9% High cholesterol 11 (16) Mabthera 94 20,2% 0,9% Cancer and Rheumatoid arthritis 12 (12) Atacand 93 11,9% 0,8% High blood pressure 13 (15) Otrivin 91 14,2% 0,8% Nasal congestion 14 (19) Herceptin 83 10,2% 0,8% Cancer 15 (20) Plavix 80 7,1% 0,7% Thrombosis 16 (14) Lamictal 78-2,8% 0,7% Epilepsy 17 (23) Singulair 78 8,1% 0,7% Asthma 18 (18) Insulatard 76-0,2% 0,7% Diabetes 19 (13) Cozaar 74-8,4% 0,7% High blood pressure 20 (-) Lyrica 73 27,2% 0,7% 21 (17) Cozaar Comp 72-6,7% 0,7% High blood pressure 22 (22) Rebif 67-9,0% 0,6% Multiple sclerosis 23 (25) Coaprovel 66 0,6% 0,6% High blood pressure 24 (-) Atacand Plus 66 2,6% 0,6% High blood pressure 25 (-) Albyl-E 64 12,7% 0,6% Thrombosis Sum omsetning 25 største legemidler 2966 26,9% Sum omsetning alle legemidler 11026 1,6% Kilde: LMI/Farmastat 21

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Rank 2008 (2007) Active ingredient 1.09 The top 25 active ingredients as measured by defined daily doses (DDD) Name of original medicine* Sales DDD/1000 Growth inhab./day 07-08 Area of application 1 (1) Simvastatin Zocor 121 12,5% High colesterol 2 (2) Acetylsalisylsyre Albyl-E 69 4,6% Thrombosis 3 (3) Natriumfluorid Flux 61-7,5% Caries 4 (4) Atorvastatin Lipitor 47-3,7% High cholesterol 5 (7) Zopiklon Imovane 32 1,4% Insomnia 6 (9) Cetirizin Zyrtec 32 7,8% Allergy 7 (6) Askorbinsyre Nycoplus C-vit. 32-3,9% Vitamin deficiency 8 (8) Amlodipin Norvasc 32 0,7% High blood pressure 9 (12) Ramipril Triatec 26 5,3% High blood pressure 10 (13) Metoprolol Selo-Zok 25 3,8% High blood pressure 11 (14) Vitamin B kompleks 25 9,2% Vitamin deficiency 12 (15) Levotyroksinnatrium Thyroksin 23 4,2% Hypothyreosis 13 (10) Paracetamol Paracet 29 4,7% Pain 14 (16) Furosemid Lasix Retard 19-4,8% High blood pressure 15 (19) Kandesartan Atacand 17 16,6% High blood pressure 16 (17) Escitalopram Cipralex 17 5,6% Depression 17 (22) Levonorgestrel og østrogen 14 14,2% Contraception 18 (18) Ibuprofen Ibux 17 8,3% Pain 19 (11) Xylometazolin Otrivin 27 0,4% Nasal congestion 20 (21) Esomeprazol Nexium 13-1,2% Gastric ulcer 21 (-) Metformin 13 12,1% Diabetes 22 (24) Losartan og diuretika Cozaar Comp 13 3,2% High blood pressure 23 (23) Kodein, kombinasjoner Paralgin Forte 13 0,2% Pain 24 (20) Drospirenon og østrogen Yasmin 12-13,2% Contraception 25 (-) Prednisolon Prednisolon Nycomed 12 4,3% Infections Figures from 2008 *Market leader given for some active ingredients Source: LMI/Farmastat 22

1.10 Market share of generics (DDD) 50% Share of total sales 40% 30% 20% 24,0 % 23,6 % 23,3 % 25,1 % 27,8 % 31,8 % 39,8 % 35,4 % 37,2 % 10% 0% 2000 2001 Source: LMI/Farmastat 2002 2003 2004 Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 23

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 31,00 % 1.11 Generics share of the generics interchangeable market 2004 47,60 % 30,50 % 2005 54,20 % DDD Excluding parallell imported medicines Source: LMI/Farmastat 2006 70,80 % 46,20 % 46,40 % 2007 Value PPP 24 72,30 % 51,00 % 73,80 % 2008

1.12 Market share of parallel imported medicines 9% 8% 7,7 % 7% 6% 7,0 % 6,6 % 6,3 % 6,6 % 6,2 % 6,9 % 5,9 % Percent 5% 4% 5,1 % 4,3 % 4,4 % 3,4 % 3% 2% 1% 0% 1,4 % 0,2 % 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Source: LMI/Farmastat 25

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Percent 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1.13 Market share for wholesalers 48,5 % 36,6 % 15,0 % 2002 Source: LMI/Farmastat 45,3 % 35,7 % 18,9 % 2003 44,5 % 35,2 % 20,2 % 2004 45,3 % 34,8 % 20,0 % 2005 Year 45,6 % 34,3 % 20,1 % 2006 46,4 % 33,5 % 20,0 % 2007 47,5% 32,9% 19,6% 2008 Apokjeden distribusjon AS - Tamro OY/Phoenix group Holtung AS - Alliance Unichem PLC NMD Grossisthandel AS - Celesio AG 26

1.14 Pharmacy chain market share Hospital pharmacies 22% Other pharmacies 2% Alliance apotekene 17% Vitusapotek/Ditt Apotek 25% Apotek 1 34% Figures from 2008 Source: Farmastat 27

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 1.15 Pharmacy chain market share, exclusive hospital pharmacies Vitus/Ditt Apotek 32% Figures from 2008 Source: Farmastat Other pharmacies 2% Apotek 1 44% 28 Alliance apotekene 22%

1.16 Total number of users of prescription medicines in Norway 3 500 000 3 000 000 3 014 665 3 111 343 3 168 682 3 214 239 2 500 000 1 684 793 1 730 147 1 756 345 1 774 411 Number of users 2 000 000 1 500 000 1 000 000 1 329 872 1 381 196 1 412 337 1 439 828 500 000 0 2004 2005 2006 Year Source: The Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) Men 2007 Women 29

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Greece Belgium Spain Lithuania France Ireland Poland Italy Hungary Germany Czech Republic Portugal Slovakia Switzerland UK Finland Austria Slovenia Norway Netherlands Sweden Denmark Source: AESGP Figures from 2007 1.17 Number of inhabitants per pharmacy in Europe 1000 2031 2133 2302 2669 3050 3162 3373 3595 3800 3923 3970 4039 4435 4800 6786 6888 6987 7649 8650 9616 17466 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 Inhabitants per pharmacy 30

1.18 Pharmaceutical consumption (DDD) in the Nordic countries 2600 2400 2200 DDD per 1000 inhabitants 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source: SLD Nordic Total Finland Sweden Norway Denmark 31

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Denmark 26% Source: SLD Nordic 1.19 Distribution of the Nordic medicine market 2008 Finland 24% Norway 15% 32 Sweden 34%

1.20 Nordic sales growth 2008 9% 8% 7,7% 7% 6,5% 6% 5% 5,2% 4% 4,1% 3% 2% 1,5% 1% 0% Total Sweden Finland Denmark Norway Figures in PPP Source: SLD Nordic 33

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Euro per inhabitant 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Source: SLD Nordic 1.21 Medicine sales per inhabitant in the Nordic countries 2008 316 Nordic countries 293 Sweden 371 369 Finland 34 Denmark 238 Norway

1.22 Leading pharmaceuticals on the global market Medicine name, Rank 2007 (2006) Area of application Sales US$ Billion Growth % 1 (1) Lipitor High cholesterol 13,5-2,8 % 2 (2) Plavix Prevention of cardiovascular events 7,3 20,5 % 3 (3) Nexium Gastric ulcer and reflux 7,2 5,3 % 4 (7) Seretide (Advair) Asthma and COPD 7,1 9,6 % 5 (9) Enbrel Rheumatic diseases and skin diseases 5,3 15,3 % 6 (7) Zyprexa Schizophrenia 5,0 1,9 % 7 (8) Risperdal Psychosis and behavioural disorders 4,9 4,4 % 8 (-) Seroquel Schizophrenia 4,6 16,2 % 9 (-) Singulair Asthma and COPD 4,5 14,7 % 10 (6) Aranesp Anemia 4,4-12,9 % Aggregate top 10 medicines 63,9 5,6 % Source: IMS Health Data from 2007 Figures in ex-factory prices 35

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 1.23 The Norwegian medicines market in relation to Europe Country, Rank 2006 Sales million Euro, 2006 Share 1 Germany 24 353 20,0 % 2 France 24 353 20,0 % 3 Italy 16 472 13,5 % 4 UK 14 548 11,9 % 5 Spain 12 152 10,0 % 6 Greece 4 244 3,5 % 7 The Netherlands 4 230 3,5 % 8 Belgium 3 684 3,0 % 9 Portugal 3 321 2,7 % 10 Sweden 2 802 2,3 % 11 Switzerland 2 673 2,2 % 12 Austria 2 544 2,1 % 13 Finland 1 740 1,4 % 14 Ireland 1 706 1,4 % 15 Denmark 1 685 1,4 % 16 Norway 1 312 1,1 % Source: EFPIA Aggregate 121 819 100 % Figures in ex-factory prices or Pharmacy Purchase Price 36

1.24 Leading pharmaceutical companies on the global market Company, rank 2007 (2006) Sales US$ billion Country 1 Johnson & Johnson 61 USA 2 Pfizer 48 USA 3 GlaxoSmithKline 45 United Kingdom 4 Roche Group 40 Switzerland 5 Sanofi-Aventis 40 France 6 Novartis 40 Switzerland 7 AstraZeneca 30 United Kingdom 8 Abbott Laboratories 26 USA 9 Merck 24 USA 10 Wyeth 22 USA 11 Bristol-Myers Squibb 20 USA 12 Eli Lilly 19 USA Source: Fortune 37

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Price and financing 38

6% 3,8% 4% 3,1% 3,0% 2,5% Price change % Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 2.01 Changes in prices of medicines and general inflation 2% 0% 2,3% 1,6% 1,3% 0,8% 0,4% 0,2% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008-0,7% -2% -2,3% -1,6% -2,0% -2,3% -2,8% -4% -4,0% -5,3% -6% Consumer Price Index Medicines Sources: Statistics Norway and LMI/Farmastat 40 Year

2.02 Public spending on reimbursable prescription medicines 10000 9000 8000 7000 6 442 6 822 7 322 7 896 8 865 9 101 10 024 9 602 8 917 8 293 8 240 NOK Million 6000 5000 5 429 5 859 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Figures for 2008 are estimates Figures in million NOK, 2007-currency Source: NAV, Ministry of Health and Care Services, LMI 41

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Prescription medicines (Non-reimbursable) 11,6 % Hospitals 18,1 % 2.03 Payment for pharmaceutical consumption Patient co-payment 6,5 % Non-prescription medicines 12,8 % National Insurance Administration (reimbursable medicines) 49,1 % Other public financing for prescription medicines 2,0 % Figures from 2007 The figure is based up on data from multiple sources, which results in some uncertainty Kilde - Source: NAV, SSB, NAF, LMI/Farmastat 42

2.04 Public health expenditure per inhabitant 35000 32 604 NOK per inhabitant 30000 25000 20000 15000 23 858 7 407 1 964 24 976 3 504 2 050 26 973 5 666 2 296 28 156 7 219 2 354 28 966 29 730 7 581 8 277 2 530 2 528 30 552 8 443 2 518 9 000 2 496 10000 5000 14 487 19 423 19 011 18 583 18 855 18 925 19 591 21 107 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Hospital services Medicines Other Health Care expenditure 2007-currency Source: Statistics Norway, NAV 43

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Year GDP NOK mill 2.05 Public spending on health care and medicines Public spending on health care Public spending on medicines NOK mill % av GDP NOK mill % av GDP % of public spending on health care 2001 1 536 887 103 080 6,7 % 8 461 0,6 % 8,2 % 2002 1 532 307 113 282 7,4 % 9 643 0,6 % 8,5 % 2003 1 593 826 121 900 7,6 % 10 191 0,6 % 8,4 % 2004 1 743 041 126 654 7,3 % 11 063 0,6 % 8,7 % 2005 1 945 716 132 897 6,8 % 11 299 0,6 % 8,5 % 2006 2 159 573 140 684 6,5 % 11 597 0,5 % 8,2 % 2007 2 277 111 152 618 6,7 % 11 686 0,5 % 7,7 % Sources: Statistics Norway, NAV and LMI/Farmastat 44

2.06 Expenditure on medicines in the private and public sector 18 000 16 000 Private share National Insurance Hospitals NOK million 14 000 12 000 10 000 8 000 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 1 645 6 338 3 684 1998 1 391 6 566 4 454 1999 1 462 7 331 4 029 2000 1 441 7 790 4 633 2001 1 587 8 801 4 917 2002 1 701 9 014 4 637 2003 1 926 9 654 4 863 2004 2 065 9 577 4 954 2005 2 757 8 929 4 840 2006 3 055 8 631 5 214 2007 Year Fixed prices, 2007-currency Sources: Statistics Norway, National Insurance Administration and LMI/Farmastat 45

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 2.07 Daily costs for the 25 most commonly used medicines # Active ingredient Area of application Daily dose Price per day, NOK 1 Simvastatin High cholesterol 40 mg 2,32 2 Acetylsalisylsyre Thrombosis 160 mg 0,99 3 Natriumfluorid Caries 0,5 mg 0,32 4 Atorvastatin High cholesterol 40 mg 9,77 5 Zopiklon Insomnia 5 mg 1,33 6 Cetirizin Allergy 10 mg 0,73 7 Askorbinsyre Vitamin deficiency 250 mg 0,52 8 Amlodipin High blood pressure 10 mg 1,66 9 Paracetamol Pain 500 mg x 3 4,50 10 Xylometazolin Nasal congestion 0,64 ml 3,10 11 Ramipril High blood pressure 5 mg 1,32 12 Metoprolol High blood pressure 100 mg 1,17 13 Vitamin B kompleks Vitamin deficiency 1 tablett 0,41 14 Levotyroksinnatrium Hypothyriosis 0,1 mg 0,73 15 Furosemid High blood pressure 30 mg 0,96 16 Ibuprofen Pain 400 mg x 3 3,16 17 Kandesartan High blood pressure 8 mg 5,77 18 Escitalopram Depression 10 mg 6,80 19 Levonorgestrel og østrogen Contraception 1 tablett 2,54 20 Esomeprazol Gastric ulcer 20 mg 6,18 21 Metformin Diabetes 400 mg x 2 1,32 22 Losartan og diuretika High blood pressure 1 tablett 7,93 23 Kodein, kombinasjoner Pain 1 tablett x 4 6,00 24 Drospireon and etinyløstradiol Contraception 1 tablett 3,59 25 Prednisolon Infection 1 tablett 2,22 Source: Farmastat/LMI, The Norwegian Medicine Agency 46

47

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Health Care excl. medicines Post and telecom services Alcohol and tobacco Restaurant and hotel services Shoes and clothing Other goods and services Furniture and household goods Food and non-alcoholic beverages Culture and leisure Transportation Housing, electricity and fuel 2.08 The consumer s medicine expenses compared to other expenses Education 0,3% Medicines 35 0,9% 1,9% Source: Statistics Norway Average annual figures 2005-2007 2,1% 2,7% 3,6% 5,4% 6,1% 6,3% 11,3% 12,0% 18,2% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 % share of the households total exprences 48 29,2%

2.09 National Insurance expenditure 39,4 % 7,9 % 1,9 % 3,4 % 2,5 % 4,5 % 15,9 % 3,3 % Unemployment benefits Professional rehabilitation Retirement pension Disability benefits Basic and supplementary benefits, various aids Sickness and birth benefits Health care excl. medicines Social benefits Medicines 21,1 % Source: NAV 49

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Total health care expenditure, nominal values Total public health care expenditure, nominal values Publicly financed share of total health care expenditure Total private expenditure, nominal values Publicly financed share of total health care expenditure Total expenditure medicines, nominal values Medicines as share of total health care expenditure Total health care expenditure, fixed 2007-currency Annual growth in health care expenditure, fixed 2007-currency Public health care expenditure as share of total public expenditure NOK mill. or percent Sources: Statistics Norway/LMI/Farmastat 2.10 Health care expenditure 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 150 029 159 572 168 237 176 984 187 595 203 414 124 351 132 711 139 666 147 782 156 878 170 784 83 % 83 % 83 % 84 % 84 % 84 % 25 678 26 861 28 571 29 202 30 717 32 631 17 % 17 % 17 % 16 % 16 % 16 % 14 200 14 600 15 700 16 100 16 400 16 900 9,5 % 9,1 % 9,3 % 9,1 % 8,7 % 8,3 % 161 612 167 777 176 107 182 366 189 029 203 414 9,5 % 3,8 % 5,0 % 3,6 % 3,7 % 7,6 % 18,6 % 18,4 % 18,9 % 19,2 % 19,1 % 19,6 % 50

2.11 International price index for medicines Norway Sweden PRP - All active substances PRP -Active substances on patent PRP - Active substances off patent with generic competition in Norway Denmark Finland UK Germany Netherlands Belgium Austria Ireland 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Index, Norway=100 Source: Institute for Research in Economics and Business Administration 51

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Country Standard VAT % VAT on medicines % Prescription Non-prescription VAT on food % Denmark 25,0 25,0 25,0 25,0 Norway 25,0 25,0 25,0 14,0 Germany 19,0 19,0 19,0 7,0 Italy 20,0 10,0 10,0 4,0-10,0 Finland 22,0 8,0 8,0 17,0 Greece 19,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 Belgium 21,0 6,0 6,0 6,0-21,0 Netherlands 19,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 Portugal 21,0 5,0 5,0 5,0-12,0 Spain 16,0 4,0 4,0 4,0-7,0 France (1) 19,6 2,1-5,5 2,1-5,5 5,5 Switzerland 7,6 2,4 2,4 2,4 Ireland (2) 21,0 0,0-21,0 0,0-21,0 0,0 Austria 20,0 20,0 20,0 10,0 Sweden 25,0 0,0 25,0 12,0 UK (3) 17,5 0,0 17,5 0,0-17,5 Source: EFPIA/EU Data from 2008 2.12 VAT on medicines and other goods and services in Europe (1) France: reimbursable medicines 2,1%, non reimbursable 5,5% (2) Ireland: oral medication 0%, other medication 21% (3) UK: 17,5% VAT on medicines purchased by hospitals 52

2.13 Copayment for reimbursable medicines 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 99,5 % 99,0 % 96,8 % 93,0 % 92,9 % 90,6 % 90,0 % 89,3 % 86,4 % 84,1 % 83,0 % 82,1 % 80,1 % 77,6 % 69,3 % 66,7 % 61,7 % 59,6 % 30% 20% 10% 0% 0,5 % 1,0 % Netherlands France 3,2 % 7,0 % 7,1 % 9,4 % 10,0 % 10,7 % 13,6 % 15,9 % 17,0 % Italy Spain Germany Ireland Switzerland Norway Greece Belgium Austria 17,9 % 19,9 % UK Hungary 22,4 % 30,7 % Sweden Finland 33,3 % 38,3 % Portugal Slovenia Denmark 40,4 % Costs paid by compulsory health insurance systems Costs paid by the patient Data as of 2006 Source: EFPIA 53

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Spain Portugal Italy Japan ** Canada France Germany Finland Sweden United States Austria Netherlands * Switzerland Denmark Norway 2.14 Medicine costs as share of expenditure on health care in the OECD 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Figures from 2006 and 2007 *Figures from 2003 **Figures from 2005 Source: OECD 21,7% 21,3% 20,0% 19,8% 17,5% 16,4% 14,8% 14,6% 13,3% 12,6% 12,4% 11,5% 10,5% 8,5% 7,9% 54

2.15 Distribution of operating costs in specialized health care 5,6% 1,8% 0,3% 11,9% 3,1% 5,1% 4,9% 8,4% 1,6% Other operating costs Procurement and rental of medical technical equipment Transport of patients Depreciations Wage costs Miscellaneous other procurements Procurement of private services Procurement of public services Medical consumption material Medicines 57,3% Source: SSB Figures from 2007 55

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Non-prescription medicines 56

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care NOK Million 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 3.01 Sales of non-prescription medicines 765 790 832 841 866 865 885 926 953 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Source: LMI/Farmastat Figures in PPP, 2008-currency 58

3.02 Non-prescription medicines, share of total market value (PRP) and DDD 25% 20% 21,2 % 20,6 % 19,8 % 19,6 % 19,8 % 19,1 % 18,1 % 17,2 % DDD PRP 17,1 % 15% 14,0 % 13,4 % 12,7 % 11,5 % 11,6 % 11,4 % 11,7 % 12,0 % 12,5 % 10% 5% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source: LMI/Farmastat 59

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Rank 2008 (2007) Medicine 3.03 The top 25 non-prescription medicines in terms of sales value Sales PPP 2008 NOK million Change in sales from 2007 Area of application 1 (1) Paracet 92,1 11,9% Pain 2 (2) Otrivin 91,4 14,2% Nasal congestion 3 (3) Ibux 84,3 30,7% Pain 4 (4) Nicorette 55,8 2,0% Smoking cessation 5 (5) Nicotinell 53,6 19,8% Smoking cessation 6 (6) Pepcidduo 25,8 19,6% Reflux 7 (8) Canesten 22,4 15,1% Fungal infections 8 (7) Flux 19,7-9,2% Caries prevention 9 (9) Livostin 13,9-7,4% Allergy 10 (11) Nycoplus C-Vitamin 11,6-2,5% Vitamin supplement 11 (13) Duphalac 11,4 6,7% Constipation 12 (12) Rhinox 10,3-7,9% Nasal congestion 13 (-) Noskapin 10,2 37,4% Respiratory irritation 14 (10) Zyrtec 10,2-32,1% Allergy 15 (14) Solvipect 9,7-4,1% Coughs 16 (20) Norlevo 9,4 8,1% Emergency contraception 17 (17) Microlax 9,4-0,2% Constipation 18 (19) Bisolvon 9,4 3,2% Respiratory diseases 19 (22) Kaleorid 9,1 8,6% Potassium supplement 20 (15) Pinex 9,1-9,0% Pain 21 (18) Phosphoral 8,8-4,1% Intestine drain 22 (21) Minifom 8,1-5,3% Gastric gas 23 (-) Lamisil 8,1 24,6% Fungal infections 24 (-) Antix 7,8 8,2% Herpes simplex 25 (-) Imodium 7,8 8,3% Diarrhoea Figures from 2008 Source: LMI/Farmastat 60

3.04 Non-prescription medicines sales by selected therapy groups (ATC) 2008 NOK million Growth 07-08 Analgesics 232,7 12,7 % Gastrointestinals 149,8 3,6 % Coughs and pneumonia 143,5 6,6 % Smoking cessation 109,4 10,0 % Dermatologicals 97,8 10,7 % Vitamins and minerals 44,8 5,8 % Allergy 26,3-17,6 % Hormones 16,5-0,9 % Sum 820,8 7,4 % Total sales OTC 953,0 6,5 % Figures (PPP) from 2008 Source: LMI/Farmastat 61

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Rank 2008 (2007) Company Sales 2008, PPP, NOK mill. Sales growth Market share 1 (1) Weifa AS 194,9 17,2% 20,4% 2 (2) Novartis Norge AS 180,0 14,9% 18,9% 3 (3) Nycomed Pharma AS 104,6-1,6% 11,0% 4 (4) McNeil 96,3 3,9% 10,1% 5 (5) Alpharma AS 48,6-5,8% 5,1% 6 (6) Janssen-Cilag AS 38,6 4,7% 4,1% 7 (7) Bayer Schering Pharma 28,1 16,9% 2,9% 8 (8) Solvay Pharma AS 23,0 4,6% 2,4% 9 (10) AstraZeneca AS 19,8 5,9% 2,1% 10 (-) Boehringer Ingelheim 18,8 3,9% 2,0% Aggregate sales top 10 companies 752,7 79,0% Aggregate sales all non-prescription medicines Source: LMI/Farmastat 3.05 The top 10 pharmaceutical companies in the non-prescription medicines market 953,2 6,5% 100,0% 62

3.06 Non-prescription medicines, market share (PRP) in selected countries Switzerland 23,9% France UK Germany Ireland Belgium 19,1% 17,3% 16,0% 16,0% 15,1% Netherlands Austria 12,3% 12,1% Norway Italy Spain Finland Sweden Denmark Portugal Greece 12,0% 11,2% 11,0% 10,9% 9,3% 8,9% 7,5% 5,7% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Figures from 2007 (in terms of value) *Figures in PPP Source: AESGP 63

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Kiosk 902; 15% Health food stores 471; 8% 3.07 Split by category of general sales outlets for non-prescription medicines except pharmacies Gas stations 1119; 18% Number of outlets as of Desember 2008 Source: The Norwegian Medicines Agency 64 Other 83; 1% Groceries 3501; 58%

3.08 Segmentation of sales for non-prescription medicines 60% 2005 2006 2007 2008 50% 43 % 46 % 46 % 50 % 52 % Share outside pharmacies 40% 30% 20% 33 % 37 % 38 % 38 % 14 % 15 % 14 % 16 % 33 % 39 % 38 % 13 % 13 % 17 % 20 % 10% 0% Ibuprofen (M01AE01) Numbers measured by DDDs Fenazon-koffein (N02BB51) Paracetamol (N02BE01) Xylometazolin (R01AA07) Nikotin (N07BA01) Data from the nine first months in 2005 and 2006 and the first 8 months in 2007 and 2008 for the most sold active substances. Denotes sales of medicines sold both in and outside pharmacies. Source: Norwegian Institute of public health 65

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Veterinary medicines 66

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 4.01 The top 10 veterinary medicines for aquaculture in terms of sales value # Medicine Sales 2008 NOK Million Area of application 1 Norvax Compact 177,9 Fish vaccine 2 Alphaject 6-2 110,7 Fish vaccine 3 Pentium Forte 96,3 Fish vaccine 4 Norvax Minova 6 66,9 Fish vaccine 5 Alpha Max 44,4 Treatment against sea lice 6 Benzoak 10,6 Sedation 7 Alphaject 5-3 9,2 Fish vaccine 8 Alpha Marine Vibjet 7,9 Fish vaccine 9 Aquavac IPN 7,5 Fish vaccine 10 Betamax 7,4 Treatment against sea lice Figures measured in recommended retail prices to the costumer Source: LMI/Farmastat 68

4.02 The top 10 veterinary medicines for mammals in terms of sales value # Medicine Sales 2008, PPP NOK million Area of application Animal segment 1 Metacam 10,4 Treatment of pain Both pets and animals for production 2 Panacur 10,1 Worm treatment Both pets and animals for production 3 Nobivac DHPPI 9,1 Vaccine Pets 4 Rimadyl 7,5 Treatment of pain Pets 5 Synulox 6,5 Bacterial infection Pets 6 Banmint 5,6 Worm treatment Pets 7 Penovet 5,6 Bacterial infection Both pets and animals for production 8 Exspot pour on 5,2 9 Ivomec 4,9 10 Scalibor 4,9 Source: LMI/Farmastat Treatment against ectoparasites Worm and mite treatment Treatment against ectoparasites Pets Animals for production Pets 69

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care 4.03 The top 5 companies within aquaculture # Company Sales 2008, NOK Million 1 Intervet Nnorbi 253,7 2 Pharmaq 181,1 3 Scan Vvcc 104,1 4 Europharma 10,6 5 Vericore 7,7 Figures measured in recommended retail prices to the costumer Source: LMI/Farmastat 70

4.04 The top 10 companies within veterinary medicines excluding aquaculture # Firma Sales 2008, NOK Million 1 Orion Pharma 45,2 2 Intervet 41,4 3 Schering-Plough 28,6 4 Boehringer Vet 27,4 5 Merial 18,4 6 Bayer Schering 18,1 7 Scanvet 13,9 8 Pfizer 8,1 9 Dechra 7,1 10 Novartis 5,6 Figures measured in recommended retail prices to the costumer Source: LMI/Farmastat 71

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care The pharmaceutical industry in Norway 72

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care NOK Million 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 711 5.01 The investment of the pharmaceutical industry in research and development 730 786 818 699 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year Source: LMI Fixed 2007-currency 824 891 74 1 055 870 950 993 835

5.02 Investments in research and development, percentage of sales 14% 12% 11,6 % 11,1 % 11,1 % 11,2 % 10% 8% 9,0 % 9,6 % 9,5 % 8,7 % 9,6 % 10,0 % 8,1 % 6% 4% 2% 0% Source: LMI 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 75

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Submitted clinical trials 250 200 150 100 50 0 5.03 Submitted clinical trials 187 2002 201 2003 224 101 113 106 118 86 89 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Number of trials submitted by LMI s members Total number of applications to the Norwegian Medicine Agency Source: The Norwegian Medicines Agency 194 76 173 179 174

5.04 Ongoing clinical trials performed by the pharmaceutical industry Phase of study Number of protocols Number of cenres Number of patients Phase I 11 14 54 Phase II 38 135 1 333 Phase III 140 714 10 681 Phase IV 36 143 2 464 Total 225 1 006 14 531 Source: LMI Data from 2007 77

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Number of protocols 300 250 200 150 100 50 Source: LMI 0 5.05 Industry initiated clinical trials 182 124 35 27 26 2 1 1 1 2002 Phase 2 206 149 29 30 2003 Phase 2 233 159 37 273 172 53 47 2004 2005 Year Phase 3 78 209 126 40 37 6 2006 Phase 4 225 140 38 36 11 2007 Total

5.06 Norway s imports and exports of medicines 10000 9000 8000 7000 NOK Million 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 1990 0 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 Current prices Source: Statistics Norway, LMI Imports Exports 79

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Employees 4800 4700 4600 4500 4400 4300 4200 4100 4000 Source: LMI 5.07 Number of employees in the pharmaceutical industry in Norway 4400 2000 4450 2001 4570 2002 4600 2003 4570 4560 2004 Year 2005 80 4690 2006 4670 2007 4630 2008

5.08 Employees in companies with production facilities in Norway 1600 1400 1400 1200 Employees 1000 800 600 400 440 464 200 0 158 Axellia Pharmaceuticals AS 18 Den norske Eterfabrikk Fresenius Kabi GE Healthcare Nycomed Pharma 95 Pharmaq Pronova 196 200 Weifa AGA 6 Figures from 2007 Source: LMI 81

Facts and Figures - Medicines and Health Care Million USD 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 5.09 Estimated total cost for bringing a new medicine to market 0 138 1975 318 1987 Figures in million USD (2005 USD) Source: J.A. DiMasi and H.G. Grabowski, The Cost of Biopharmaceutical R&D: Is Biotech Different?, Managerial and Decision Economics 28 (2007): 469-479 82 802 2001 1318 2006

5.10 Investments in R&D by therapeutic groups Central nervous system 13 % Other 13 % Endocrinology 7 % Respiratory 5 % Cardiology 22 % Cancer 40 % Data from 2007 Source: LMI 83

Memberfirms - Contact information Abbott Norge AS Tlf: 815 59 920 www.abbott.no Boehringer Ingelheim Norway KS Tlf: 66 76 13 00 www.boehringer-ingelheim.no Alcon Norge AS Tlf: 23 25 25 50 www.alcon.no Bristol-Myers Squibb Norway Ltd Tlf: 67 55 53 50 www.b-ms.no Algeta ASA Tlf: 23 00 79 90 www.algeta.no Celgene AS Tlf: 21 52 00 00 www.celgene.no Allergan AS Tlf: +46 8 594 100 00 www.allergan.com Clavis Pharma ASA Tlf: 24 11 09 50 www.clavispharma.com Amgen Tlf: 23 30 80 00 www.amgen.no Eisai AB Tlf: +46 8 501 01 600 www.eisai.no Astellas Pharma Tlf: 66 76 46 00 www.astellas.no Eli Lilly Norge A.S Tlf: 22 88 18 00 www.lilly.no AstraZeneca AS Tlf: 21 00 64 00 www.astrazeneca.no Ferring Legemidler A/S Tlf: 22 02 08 80 www.ferring.com Baxter AS Tlf: 22 58 48 00 www.baxter.no Fresenius Kabi Norge AS Tlf: 69 21 11 00/22 58 80 00 www.fresenius-kabi.no Bayer Schering Pharma Tlf: 24 11 18 00 www.bayerscheringpharma.no Galderma Nordic AB Tlf: 22 99 62 16 www.galderma.se Biogen Idec Norway AS Tlf: 23 00 52 50 www.biogenidec.no GE Healthcare AS Tlf: 23 18 50 50 www.gehealthcare.no Biotec Pharmacon ASA Tlf: 77 64 89 00 www.biotec.no GlaxoSmithKline Tlf: 22 70 20 00 www.gsk.no 84

Janssen-Cilag AS Tlf: 24 12 65 00 www.janssen-cilag.no Pfizer AS Tlf: 67 52 61 00 www.pfizer.no LEO Pharma AS Tlf: 22 51 49 00 www.leo.no Pronova BioPharma Norge AS Tlf: 22 53 48 50 www.pronova.com Linde Gas Therapeutics Tlf: 23 17 72 00 www.linde-gastherapeutics.no Roche Norge AS Tlf: 22 78 90 00 www.roche.no Lundbeck H. AS Tlf: 91 30 08 00 www.lundbeck.no Sanofi Pasteur MSD Tlf: 67 50 50 20 www.spmsd.se Merck Serono Tlf: 67 90 35 90 www.merckserono.no sanofi-aventis Tlf: 67 10 71 00 www.sanofi-aventis.no MSD (Norge) A/S Tlf: 32 20 73 00 www.msd.no Schering-Plough AS Tlf: 67 16 64 50 www.schering-plough.no Mundipharma as Tlf: 67 51 89 00 www.mundipharma.no Novartis Norge AS Tlf: 23 05 20 00 www.novartis.no Novo Nordisk Scandinavia AS Tlf: 67 17 85 00 www.novonordisk.no Solvay Pharma AS Tlf: 67 52 12 20 www.solvay.no UCB Pharma AS Tlf: 67 16 58 80 www.ucb.com/worldwide/ norway.asp Weifa AS Tlf: 22 99 86 00 www.weifa.no Nycomed Pharma AS Tlf: 66 76 30 30 www.nycomed.no Wyeth Tlf: 40 00 23 40 www.wyeth.no Orion Pharma AS Tlf: 40 00 42 10 www.orionpharma.no 85