UTFORMING OG DIMENSJONERING...

F d N ks å bundd håndbk nb å v y v d m mh nd p k n vknu punk b nd å k n uk n. Hå ndb k nb å v ø ndd : 7 Pub k n183søy ø Pub k n184søy k ø Pub k n185b k øy b nd Pub k n186r mm h ø n øy pp Pub k n187b k k ø Pub k n188b k b k b nd Pub k n189s v b nd 45 A d nh n nn dn n m nd d nd b mm.hv h nn h d d u nd å d nv n n u m n d m n n n v knu punk b nd m k y p k knu punk.f hv knu punk d b n n nv n n b n n k mp. D hå ndb k n b påm d nb n Eu k d n mm nm dn n b m p m u ø nd d n å k n uk n, NSEN1090.F n vhå ndb k n Wy m Hu n C F h n. 77 D nn ku v n v b b d v N ks å bund.i v n n1 d nd nd n h d d n v n k n n å p nnh d n k k ån k p k.i v n n b n n k mp n d b ny k n k mpå nk m å d v v k d v n k.r h nb k øp vn ks å bund01. Ov :E n B hu N k k n u n :B ø na n N ks å bund O, p mb 016 93

Innhd 1 INNLEDNING... 3 1.1 Gn... 3 1. Sndd... 3 1.3 Kp... 4 1.4 Påhk... 4 1.5 Knuknå... 5 UTFORMING OG DIMENSJONERING... 9.1 Sk ym... 9. V v øy... 9.3 Dmnnnd vknn... 10.4 Fundmnb... 10.4.1 Fnkn vd h... 1.4. Fundmnb md ndnkn... 14.5 Dmnnn und mnn... 19.6 Skv mu... 0.7 Fp... 1.8 Skæk... 1.9 Sv bnd....10 Dmnnn v kkpåkn bøyd p... 4.11 Uøn... 4.11.1 Uøkn... 4.11. Knbkyn... 5.11.3 Tnn... 5.11.4 Kv m bø n på nn... 5 3 SØYLEFOT... 7 3.1 PF1 øy I-p md b mm nn... 7 3.1.1 Umn v PF1... 7 3.1. Dmnnn v PF1... 7 3.1.3 Bnnkmp, PF1... 3. PF øy I-p md b un nn... 45 3..1 Umn v PF... 45 3.. Dmnnn v PF... 45 3..3 Bnnkm, PF... 66 3.3 PF3 Søy RHS-p... 77 3.3.1 Umn v PF3... 77 3.3. Dmnnn v PF3... 77 3.3.3 Bnnkmp, PF3... 87 3.4 PF4 knk øy I-p... 93 3.4.1 Umn v PF4... 93 3.4. Dmnnn v PF4... 93 3.4.3 Bnnkmp, PF4... 103

1 INNLEDNING 1.1 Gn Knupunk mm n øy d undmn k n øy. Vnv nk øyn bnundmn md. n påv p nnøp undmnb. Fpn d n øyn undmn, mn undmnbn pp vnu kk mmn. Dnn pubknn mhnd øyø md uvvd p. D d kk øknmk å du ykkn vd å k pn md vvnn. Råd nukn d nnn m kk umnnpåkn. Kp n vk v d øyyp m b bhnd. D å n ynpunk nbn umn v n øy. Kp 3 nvnn umn dmnnn v d uk øyøn. D nkud å dmm bnnkmp m b md ddmnn øyø. 1. Sndd F pkn v åknukn d ønd Eukd: NS-EN 1990: NS-EN 1991: NS-EN 1993: F uø v åknukn d: NS-EN 1090-: Eukd: Gunn pkn v knukn Eukd 1: L på knukn Eukd 3: Pkn v åknukn Uø v åknukn umnumknukn D : Tknk kv åknukn D nn pmn Eukdn n d nn n, NA, hv Eukd F pkn v undmnn d å: NS-EN 199-1-1:004 +NA:008 Eukd : Pkn v bnknukn - D 1-1: Amnn bynn NS-EN 13670 009+NA010 Uø v bnknukn Rn Eukdn b på dmnnn buddnndn vh. pknmdn. D v åknuknn dmnn md hnyn på kpn buddnndn m n NS-EN 1993. Dmnnnd kp k væ ø mn k m d dmnnnd vknnn hnhd NS-EN 1990 vn d v NS-EN 1991. Knuknn unknkv buknndn må å væ ppy. Nm kn kk knupunk bnd buknndn, u kvn hnhd NS-EN 1993-1-8 NS-EN 1090- ppy. D d kmp nkv huø ku. Lk dmn bndn vnv ubyd mmnn md knukndn dmn. 3

Kvn Eukdn nnd k: pnpp n bmm hv d kk nv ønn. vdnd åd mn kp m d pnppn. Hv m hnhdv pnpp vdnd åd, nv vd hp v d md hpvbn k bø. 1.3 Kp Dmnnnd kp bn vd å dvd dn kkk mhn md pkn M m vhn v yp bnd. Pkn bnd, vn knuknd m n nn Eukd 3, v bn 1.1 1.. Tb 1.1 Pk mn bnd NA NS-EN 1993-1-8 Kp ku Kp n Kp b bdd Kp v M 1,5 Kp huknykk Fknkp buddnnd M3 (k C) 1,5 Fknkp buknnd M3, 1,1 (k B) Kp knupunk n M5 vkknukn v RHS-p 1,0 Kp b buknnd 1, 0 Fpnnn v høy ku (kv 8.8 høy) M6, M7 1,1 Tb 1. Pk vn knuknd NA NS-EN 1993-1-1 Tvnkp M0 1, 05 Tykkpåkn v M1 1, 05 Skkpåkn vn M 1, 5 1.4 Påhk E bykn k byvk, knukn knuknd nnd påhk bny vd pkn Eukdn. Påhkn k v u buddknkvnn byvk d v d. NA NS EN 1990 nvnn v v påhk, hvv ud n b 1.3. D k n mm bynnyp, k buddknkvnn vud p. Ky un pn n nm v v påhk. 4

Tb 1.3 Ud v vdnd kmp v v påhk Byvk, knukn knuknd Påhk 1 3 4 Mn knukn pumndun x (x) V- nbnbu Byvk md nmn v mnnk (bun, kn, ph, køpn, mnk, v.) K- hvnn x (x) Tån, m, kn, x (x) Indun x (x) Kn- nnby, k, nunby, bby v. Lndbukby x (x) F v kdnn, kkkn nnd kmpnn x (x) Småhu, kkhu, mnd hu v. x (x) x x x (x) 1.5 Knuknå Dmnnnd kp Eukd 3 bmm vd hp v d kkk mhn å, m ynn yk kkhn uk. F knukn påhkn 1-3 d kk å bny d nmn mhn m n b 1.4. F dykk m ø nn 80 mm, bny hvdn dn ku pduknddn NS-EN 1005. 5

Tb 1.4 Nmn vd kkk mh (Tb 3.1 NS-EN 1993-1-1) Sndd å NS-EN 1005- S35 S75 S355 S4 NS-EN 1005-3 S75 N/NL S355 N/NL S40 N/NL S4 N/NL NS-EN 1005-4 S75 M/ML S355 M/ML S40 M/ML S4 M/ML NS-EN 1005-5 S35W S55W Pduk nmn ykk [mm] mm mm < 80 mm y [N/mm] u [N/mm] y [N/mm] u [N/mm] 35 75 55 40 75 355 40 4 75 355 40 4 35 55 3 4 510 5 390 490 50 5 370 470 50 5 3 510 15 55 335 410 55 335 390 4 55 335 390 4 15 335 3 410 470 5 370 470 50 5 3 4 0 5 3 490 NS-EN 1005-6 S4 Q/QL/QL1 4 570 4 5 NS-EN 1010-1 S35 H S75 H S355 H S75 NH/NLH S355 NH/NLH S40 NH/NLH S4 NH/NLH NS-EN 1019-1 S35 H S75 H S355 H S75 NH/NLH S355 NH/NLH S4 NH/NLH S75 MH/MLH S355 MH/MLH S40 MH/MLH S4 MH/MLH 35 75 355 75 355 40 4 35 75 355 75 355 4 75 355 40 4 3 4 510 390 490 5 5 3 4 510 370 470 5 3 470 0 5 15 55 335 55 335 390 4 3 410 490 370 470 50 5 6

Sø dykk kkpåkn v knuknd vhn v hvkn dmpu m NS-EN 1991-5 d byvk. NS-EN 1993-1-10 n ø dykk m n unkn v v umpu T md [ C], å h [Ju] påhkn. Tb 1.5 d påhk. Tbn v d bd hn, d ø dykk vd v mpu. Tb 1.5 Sø dykk mm påhk (Tb NA.(903) NS-EN 1993-1-10 Så S35 S75 S355 S40 S4 S690 Såupp JR J0 J JR J0 J M,N ML,NL JR J0 J K,M,N ML,NL M,N ML,NL Q M,N QL ML,NL QL1 Q Q QL QL QL1 QL1 Skån CVN vdt [ C] 0 0-0 0 0-0 -0-0 0-0 -0 - -0 - -0-0 - - - 0-0 -0 - - - Lv umpu Tmd [ C] 10 0-10 -0 - - - - Jmn Påhk 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 90 15 55 75 110 135 185 90 110 155 95 135 70 105 15 1 75 90 110 75 105 45 65 95 110 1 35 75 90 1 80 115 70 90 105 15 75 90 90 55 75 95 135 75 110 65 95 70 90 105 5 75 75 45 65 75 110 35 90 55 80 70 90 0 5 55 65 95 75 45 65 70 15 0 5 45 55 75 65 35 35 55 5 15 0 5 35 45 5 15 0 5 7

8

UTFORMING OG DIMENSJONERING.1 Sk ym Knupunkn kn k ynpunk k m nn mmnv dv mmnv, ddd Kp 5 EN 1993-1-8 knupunk kn k n nvh mmnkp. E knupunk md n nvh m h n mmnkp, kn k m dd. E nvhn kk mmnkpn k øyn, å k d m mmnv. Søyn bk nm m nn nnpn dd. Inn øy n dd, d nnnn d vø v mmn. D mmn h dn uhd nnvknn på undmn bhøv nm kk hnyn bnnn. Hv d nødvnd å bk øyn m dv nnpn, kn øyn nvh bn dmnn hnhd kpn 5 6 NS- EN 1993-1-8. Hv n øy un nvnvd dmn kn vø mmn n bm kmbnn, kn mn bk øyn m nnpn d bnn. Mn kn d uny nnpnnnn å vø mmn mnnn. Fundmn knd påvk v m øyn dd nnpn, d bnknuknn må kunn vø d kn m øyn dmnn. Hv unnhdn då, bø mn kk v nnpn øy.. V v øy I dnn pubknn bkv ypk øyø PF1 PF4 m v på u.1. PF1, PF PF4 d vd v øy md H- I- vn. PF3 buk øy v RHS-p. PF1 n øy hv bn p mm øynn. Dn kn kk buk må øyp, d d n p bn. PF1 kn b vø mnd mmn bk m m n dd bnd. Søyn n p. PF1 PF PF3 PF bny hv mn v h n nnpn øy hv øy PF1 n å vø kkn. Fundmnbn p un øynn, mn m nødvnd å mm nn. PF kn å bny bnd m bnnm dd. PF3 n øy RHS-p. Fbndn kn b vø mnd mmn. PF4 Fu.1 Søyyp 9

PF4 n øy md b nnn dn n nn på udn v dn nd. Dn bny nå øy k å nn n kn undmn,.k. d. PF4 kn vø ø mmn nn PF1. På unn v n ymmk umn h øyn uk mmnkp m øyn k k..3 Dmnnnd vknn En dd øy bø dmnn båd kk kæk. Vnv kn n mmnv øy dmnn vknnn ø dn. Avn 5..1 NS-EN 1993-1-1 n unnn buk v ø dn ny, dv. d knuknn m unn. F h p mmknukn md kyv knupunk kn nd dn vnk væ påkv, NS-EN 1993-1-1..4 Fundmnb En øy bø h undmnb mnnn k væ kk. Nå k mmn kn pp ø pn undøp, bø undmnbn kk væ mnd nn M 4. I punk.5 bhnd bn kp mnnd. T undmnb kn mn v n v å S355 NS-EN 1005 hk 8.8 NS-EN ISO 898-1. D kn å bny mnå B0 NS-EN 10080.Nm bn kkkpn NS-EN 1993-1-8: 0,9 A u F,Rd (1) M d A = undmnbn pnnn γ M = 1,5 F undmnb v mnå bn kkkpn NS-EN 199-1-1: A yk F,Rd () S d γ S = 1,15 Tb.1 n kkkpn undmnbn M16 M4 uk hk. 10

Tb.1 Skkkpn hkn S355, B0 8.8 Skudmnn A S355 1 mm kn Så B0 1 kn 8.8 kn M16 157 53 68 90 M0 45 83 107 141 M4 353 119 153 03 M7 459 155-64 M 561 190 44 33 M33 694 35-0 M36 817 76-471 M39 976 3-56 M4 111 379-646 1. F undmnb md kån n bø vdn mup md n k k 0,85, NS-EN 1993-1-8: 3.6.1.. Amnå B0 h dmn 16, 0, 5 3 mm Fundmnbn nk undmn nn vd h mm bn å vd n mknk/kmk nkn. På u. v nn nv nkn v undmnb. Hnd b b v mnå kn nk vd h bnn. F undmnb md høy h,.k. n v 8.8, kn nm kk h nn h uny vd b h. Fundmnb v 8.8 k kk v, d bø nknn uø md mu kv bn nd nd, u c). G n m h n hh, kn um md n kk ndn m n U-b, u. b) d). Mn kn å nk undmnbn md vnkp å k m v på u ). Fu. Typk undmnb ) Fundmnb, v n mnå, nk vd h. b) Fundmnb md kk, nk vd h. c) Fundmnb nk md mu kv. d) Fundmnb md U-m. ) Fundmnb md nnøp vnkp å. 11

D vk bn p nøyk ø nnøpnn. Mn buk d n m m knn. Hv bn mnn, kn buppn kyv vd øpnn, n m kn mdø øk knd nk bd. D å å n å nk bn undmn øp. Md.k. pø kn d upn bnn, k mn n kn øp nn undmnbn md kpndnd mø. Ekpnnb bø b buk hv d må kk. En d md å nk bn kn, øpnn kk y v ppkknd b. I d å p bn k. Imdd må kn mn kk ø d nå bn k p næhn v n kn. NS-EN 1990- n unknn undmnb m kn væ vnk å ppy. Snddn kv undmnb m kk kn u, kk k vvk m nn 3 mm dv. F ub b kv 10 mm. Vd å um pn md 10-15 mm v hu bny p undkv mm bn pn, kn d kp vvk på nn 5-7 mm. F undmnbn ukk d unknnn -5 +5 mm. I d undmnbypn m v på u., nn d p pduk m n v un v bn nnøpn. Sk undmnb mdd kk vn N. D nvnn å bn kpn nnn bn d knk vdn Eukd : CEN/TS 199-4: Tknk pkn CEN/TS 199 Dmnnn v md bn D 4-1: Amnn D 4-: B md hd D 4-3: Ank knn D 4-4: Enn md - mknk ym D 4-4: Enn md - kmk ym I d ønd vnn bkv k md bnn v kpn kkbd undmnb..4.1 Fnkn vd h En hn undmnb m v på u. ) n b md ndkk m v på u. b), nk vd h bnn. I NS-EN 199-1-1, vn 8.4 d n bnn v hhn. Rn å hnyn kn pn v bnn vd må kn- bvnd. F kmå dmnnnd hh k: 1 bd, 5 d (3) 1 cd 1 kn m vhn v hbnn bdm 1 = 1 vd d hhd, n m d vk undmnb 1 η d 1,3 100 d d 3mm 3mm

Bnn dmnnnd kkh bmm m c cd d ck,0,05 C kkk kkh ck0,05 n b. c = 0,85 C = 1,5 NS-EN 199-1-1 n kk hhn n, mn h. nm pk n d mm uykk b kn,5: bd (4) 1 cd F n nnøp, hn b uø h. NS-EN 1090- n mm hh m kmn, dv. m (3). Tb. Bnn kkk yndykkh ck, nnykkh ck,cub kkkh ck0,05 nn vn hk. C 0/5 C 5/ C /37 C 35/45 C / C 45/55 ck (MP) 0 5 35 45 ck,cub (MP) 5 37 45 55 ck,0,05 (MP) 1,5 1,8,0,,5,7 Skkkpn n bøyd undmnb md hnyn h v bnn : d b bd F,Rd (5) 1 d b = nknndn u. må n bn nn.. Fnknndn k væ mn 10d. En b md kk k h n nd un kkn på mn 5d, u. b). 1 = 1 n. F bøyd n d 1 = 0,7 u c d > 3d, u.. NS-EN 1993-1-8 n nknndn b undmnb md kk bø v k hbudd kk nn ø bn y. Dnn mn nkn bø kk bny b md høy yn nn 0. Mn bøydu bmm v vn 8.3 NS-EN 1993-1-1 Knn vhn v vndn kn nvndn mm bn 13

0,7 1 0,15c d 1 d 1 hv hv hv cd d 3 1 c d 3 c d d d 1 c d = mn { /, c 1, c } Fu.3 Bmm v c d Fu.4 v kkkpn nnøp hn undmnb 8.8 S355 m n mnå B0 m unkn v nnøp nd bn hk C5/. I bnnn d u c d d 3, dv. båd kn- nvndn å, d kk påvk kkkpn. Fu.4 Skkkpn nnøp nn 8.8 S355 m n mnå B0 un ndnkn bn hk C5/. Dmm d hv kn- kuvnd å = 0,7 F undmnb m kn n md p m mn, bø undmnbn kp bmm vndøn nvnn. En upp v nd undmnb m nk vd h, bø kn md hnyn kbudd bnn.4...4. Fundmnb md ndnkn Md undmnb md ndnkn m v på u. c) ), kn nnøpnnndn du hd m kukn pp vd h. Skkn knn nknn ndn v bn. Omnd bn v pp d kæk hvdkkpnnn m v ppå. 14

NS-EN 199-1-1 n kk hvdn mn kn bmm bnn kp m ukkbudd n kkpåkn undmnb. Imdd nn d dmnnnnvnn dn upk knk pknn CEN/TS 199-4-. F n kkpåkn undmnb upp v b md ndnkn kn d kkbudd v bn ppå buddyp bnn, buddypn - 5 b.3 Tb.3 Mu buddyp kkbd undmnb md ndnkn. Buddyp Kn Fm 1 Skkbudd undmnbn Fundmnb md ø bnn (1), () Ukkbudd bnn Fundmnb md ø bnn (6) 3 Kbudd bnn Gupp md kkbd undmnb (9) 4 Spbbudd bnn Gupp md kkbd undmnb () 5 Bwu-budd bnn Gupp md kkbd undmnb (3) 6 Skkbudd ukkbudd mn (bøy) - Fundmnb md ø bnn - Hv undmnbn kmp md bøy v kmå md mk 16 mm dm, hv d bøyn nk ndn d nk kbudd bnn, bhøv kk kbudd kn. Amnn k dmnn h kkn. 15

3.4 PF4 knk øy I-p 3.4.1 Umn v PF4 PF4 n øy I-p md b nnn nn på dn n dn un nn på dn nd dn. Vnv um øyn md undmnb. PF4 buk b.. yv å å nødvnd kn n kn. PF4 kn bk m nn n dd nnpn øy. 3.4. Dmnnn v PF4 3.4..1 Gn bnnpnpp Søy PF4 mmn v n hv PF1 n hv PF. Bnnpnppn PF1 punk 3.1..1 d å h. Dn mnnd ymmn m øyn k k k vd mmnkpn vhn v hv pn b påkn ykk p. mmn. På u 3.6 dn pv nv mmn m øyn k k på ønd v pv mmn ykk d pn kk mn u nv mmn ykk d pn kk m u Fu 3.6 Dnn v ) Pv mmn b) Nv mmn D vn d PF4 md undmnb. Bddn b 1, b, bnykknn bn md mn (3) (59). I m (3) 0,5h p md h 1. Fpn kkkp, F T,Rd, bn hnhd punkn 3.1.. 3... F dn dn v øyn md bn på udn v nn d T-ykkn yp T1 b 3.. 3.4.. Kpn dd øy Nå d n øyn dd, dv. M = 0, kn kkkpn bn ymmk bnykkn und pn, dv. på mm må m PF1. Akkkpn N 0,Rd b d N 0, Rd b1, bp d (93) 93

Søyn kn vø n ø kk nn N 0,Rd, u d md vk md nv mmn på øyn, u 3.7. D mmn kn kmm n y mmn m kyd øyn knk påkn. D mdø kkn øyn kk mmn md ykkn ykknn m vk und øyn. F n øy m h nvh øyn, kn d vnmmn ø øyn kn byd ø kykk. D by øyn kk n kn bk m dd, mn må hnyn dn und hn kn m ppå øyn m nd. Fu 3.7 Mmnkpn M y,rd m unkn v md vknd kk N Ed øy PF4. Mknd: Fmn (100) (101) pv mmnvd, mn d pn nv mmn u 3.6. 3.4..3 Kpn mmnv øy Hv øyn b md pv mmn m k k, d d mm bnnmdn m PF1. Mn hv øyn b md nv mmn, d bnnmdn PF. Fkn mm d mdn ykkpnnnbkkn kun PF1 vhn v ykkpnnnbkkn bdd, mn unn PF u vk n v øyn ykkn, u 3.8. Dmm på u 3.7 v kmbnn v dmnnnd kk N Ed mmn M y,ed øy PF4. Mmnkpn øk md øknd kk (kkn vk bnd), pp n mk vd d bn på kkdn pp u k, md m pn påknn mkm bøynn. F å kunn vø ø kk øyn, må mmn du vnd. Dmm v å nnn bn unyd u b = 0. Omåd mm nnn (d u måd) v hv bn kk å kk. 94

Hv kkn ø nn N 0,Rd, n d nv mmn øyn pnnndnn und pn k b kpb. D mmn kn kyd n y vnmmn p. hnd n. D mmn må nnn bm nvd m næm hvnd vd øknd kk. Vd bm mmn kkkpn øyn m ø mx,rd 1,, d N bp b b (94) Dmnnd kykk - nn kk bn Hv N Ed > N 0,Rd / b d nn kk bn p. pv mmn. Dn pv mmnkpn bmm md m (49), mn h p / k md h 1. N Ed M y,rd N0,Rd N Ed h1 N Ed b 1 (95) N0, Rd Hv N Ed > N mx,rd - N 0,Rd / b d kk kk bn p. nv mmn. Vh. kvknnn kn mn ud dn nv mmnkpn M y,rd m unkn v kkn N N h b Ed 0,Rd, M y, Rd N Ed h1 b, 1 N mx,rd h1 (96) N mx,rd N0,Rd Fu 3.8 Bnnmd øy PF4 påkn nv mmn u N mx,rd - N 0,Rd < N Ed N mx,rd. Hv N Ed > N 0,Rd må øyn md b md nv mmn v n v ø, kvkvkån k kunn d, u 3.7. D mn mmn kn bmm md m (97) b N Ed b1, h b1, h1 N0,Rd N b Ed 1, M y, Rd 3 N Ed N0,Rd h1 (97), b1, N Ed N0,Rd L mk mmn å nv n mn (96) (97). Dmnnd bøymmn kk bn F pv mmn, u 3.9, bmm pn kp m 3.1..4. 95

Fu 3.9 Bnnmd øy PF4 påkn pv mmn u N Ed N 0,Rd / N0,Rd Hv N F,T, Rd d M F z N (98) d y, Rd,T, Rd z1,c F,T,Rd pn kkkp dn ukknd dn v pn, 0. F,T, Rd N z1,c h1 d bnykknn bdd z z, z Hv M d z y,rd T 1,C d N0, Rd N0,Rd F,T,Rd N d N0,Rd z N z,t (99) N 0,Rd z,t h1 d bnykknn bdd 4 d F nv mmn, u 3., bmm pn kp m 3...4. Fu 3. Bnnmd øy PF4 påkn nv mmn u N Ed N mx,rd N 0,Rd / 96

Hv M d Hv N0,Rd N Ed N mx,rd F d 1,T, Rd F z N (100) y, Rd 1,T,Rd Ed z,c h z,c N0,Rd N0,Rd N mx, Rd F1,T,Rd N Ed N mx,rd d N0,Rd Nmx, Rd z Nz z C (101) M y,rd, 3.4..4 Kpn n øy md mmn m vk k Vd dmnnn mmn m øyn vk k d d mm pnppn m PF1 PF, 3.1..5. Små mmn kn vø vd å kyv bnykknn. Hv kkn mmn m k k kn vø v n m p md bddn b p,d, kn M z,rd bn md m (54). Vd ø mmn m vk k må bn å uny på kk, PF1. 3.4..5 Sv Fpn v øyn md kv und h p. Svn dmnn 3.1..6.. F nvn d m (55) vn m(56). 3.4..6 Fddmnn øyø, PF4 Tbn 3.8 3.9 v ddmnn øyø PF4 HEA- HEB-p. Tbn n dmnn på p, b v m bhun pn. I bn kn mn v båd ø mn mmnkp k k nn k kk N Ed. Indkn 0 6 v d punkn m v på u 3.7. F n øy un mmn å dn ø kkkpn N 0,Rd (punk 5 på u 3.7). Kmbnn v N Ed M Ed m høy nnn u b = 0, kk kk bn. Skækkpn V y,rd bn md hnyn øy vn kp. Væ ppmkm på bn kk hnyn øyn kp kk bøymmn, mn n b øyn kp N Ed M Ed. 97

Tb 3.8 Fddmnn øyø PF4 HEA-øy. N 0,Rd kkkpn hv øyn dd. Skækkpn V y,rd bn md hnyn vn øy, d J bn by vn k k m. Funn: Fp S355 Fundmnb M4 S355 u F F d b,rd,rd F,Rd = bnknn kkkp F,Rd = bn kkkp Bnykk k d cd = 14, MP bn C5/, = 0,67 k = 1,0 3,0, m (37) cd Mmnkpn M y,rd m unkn v dmnnnd kk N Ed øy PF4. Fmn (100) (101) pv vd mmn, mn d pn dnn mmnhnn nv mmn. Søy Fp Fundmnb Dm. kp POSITIVT mm. N 5 = Dm. kp NEGATIVT mmn. h p b p p u b 1 3 4 c 1 c k M 0 N 1 M 1 N M N 0,Rd M 0 N 3 M 3 N 4 M 4 N 6 M 6 V y,rd mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn HEA10 5 180 0 0,6 45 105 0 75 100 1,0 1 5 1 151 6-8 15-15 74-15 45-9 173 J 0 1,0 3,0 3 183 37 380 17 7-13 46-6 495-6 875-10 0,6 1,0 1 1 1 151 6-8 15-16 -16 45-10 1,0 3,0 03 43 45 17 905-13 470-38 719-38 1171-1 1,0 3,0 03 43 45 17 905-13 656-48 905-48 1357-31 HEA1 45 180 0 0,6 45 115 10 75 45 90 1,0 4 6 4 171 7 34-11 16-19 75-17 446-10 08 J 0 1,0 3,0 36 191 43 386 0 773-18 49-33 498-31 884-11 0,6 1,0 4 4 171 7 34-11 17-3 -0 49-13 1,0 3,0 45 49 498 996-18 473-47 7-45 10-3 1,0 3,0 45 64 513 105-18 696-61 945-59 1458-37 HEA1 65 190 0 0,6 45 15 0 75 45 100 1,0 7 47 8 196 10 391-14 14-4 91-1 487-11 69 0 1,0 3,0 41 16 51 414 6 88-3 80-43 59-38 943-1 0,6 1,0 8 5 8 0 10 3-14 11-9 361-6 56-16 1,0 3,0 83 59 53 8 1064-3 516-765 -55 197-6 1,0 3,0 356 5 9 109-3 75-77 1001-7 15-43 HEA180 85 10 0 0,6 45 135 75 110 1,0 31 69 33 19 13 437-17 174-31 33-6 54-13 97 J 0 1,0 3,0 46 61 465 33 99-8 339-55 588-47 1053-14 0,6 1,0 31 97 33 46 13 49-17 73-39 4-34 668-1 98

Søy Fp Fundmnb Dm. kp POSITIVT mm. N 5 = Dm. kp NEGATIVT mmn. h p b p p u b 1 3 4 c 1 c k M 0 N 1 M 1 N M N 0,Rd M 0 N 3 M 3 N 4 M 4 N 6 M 6 V y,rd mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn 1,0 3,0 55 346 71 595 37 1190-8 0-76 849-69 1444-31 1,0 3,0 55 477 7 75 39 1451-8 861-97 1110-90 1835-51 HEA00 5 0 0,6 45 145 75 55 10 1,0 34 93 38 4 16 484-19 06-38 355-3 597-16 34 0 1,0 3,0 5 5 73 517 4 1033-3 399-68 648-58 1165-16 0,6 1,0 34 146 39 95 17 591-19 339-488 -44 783-7 1,0 3,0 61 411 84 659 48 1319-3 685-94 934-84 1593-36 1,0 3,0 61 553 87 80 14-3 970-10 119-110 01-59 HEA0 35 0 0,6 45 155 75 1 1,0 38 116 44 66 1 531 - -46 389-39 655-18 378 0 1,0 3,0 58 351 86 570 5 11-37 464-83 713-71 183-19 0,6 1,0 38 00 45 349 698-9 -63 558-56 907-34 1,0 3,0 66 476 98 75 59 14-37 774-114 103-10 1748-43 1,0 3,0 66 631 10 880 64 1761-37 1085-145 1333-133 14-69 HEA 345 70 0 0,6 45 165 55 80 65 1 1,0 41 141 90 5 580-4 74-54 43-46 713-1 414 0 1,0 3,0 59 40 97 65 63 149-41 5-99 779-85 13-0,6 1,0 41 37 5 387 7 773-4 464-75 613-67 1000-39 1,0 3,0 71 543 113 79 7 1584-41 865-135 1114-11 1906-49 1,0 3,0 71 711 10 9 79 190-41 100-17 1449-158 9-79 HEA 365 90 0 0,6 45 175 65 80 70 1 1,0 44 164 56 313 66-7 7-64 456-54 769-4 45 0 1,0 3,0 68 456 113 676 74 1351-46 593-116 841-100 1517-5 0,6 1,0 44 68 417 34 834-7 511-88 6-78 1077-45 1,0 3,0 76 7 1 856 86 1711-46 953-159 101-143 057-56 1,0 3,0 76 787 139 1036 95 071-46 1313-0 1561-185 597-90 HEA80 385 310 0 0,6 45 185 75 80 75 1 1,0 48 187 63 336 36 673-3 -74 489-63 86-7 490 0 1,0 3,0 77 49 131 78 87 1455-51 656-135 905-116 163-9 0,6 1,0 48 98 68 448 895-558 -10 707-91 1155-1,0 3,0 8 671 148 90 10 18-51 1041-184 189-166 09-64 1,0 3,0 8 863 159 111 113 5-51 145-34 1674-15 787-10 HEA0 5 3 0 0,6 45 195 85 80 80 170 1,0 51 1 71 36 4 74-33 375-85 55-7 886-57 0 1,0 3,0 87 537 1 786 10 1571-55 75-156 974-134 17-33 0,6 1,0 51 331 77 480 48 9-33 7-117 756-104 136-56 1,0 3,0 87 741 168 990 119 1981-55 1135-1 1384-191 374-7 1,0 3,0 87 946 181 1195 133 390-55 1545-69 1793-47 989-115 HEA30 45 3 0 0,6 45 05 95 80 80 170 1,0 54 18 77 367 46 735-36 381-9 5-78 897-3 561 0 1,0 3,0 9 553 16 80 111 14-74 -170 991-146 1793-35 0,6 1,0 54 336 84 486 53 971-36 613-16 76-11 148-59 1,0 3,0 9 758 181 1007 1 014-1151 - 10-06 7-76 1,0 3,0 9 963 197 11 146 44-1561 -90 1810-67 -11 HEA3 445 3 0 0,6 45 15 100 85 80 170 1,0 57 8 371 74-38 385-99 534-84 905-34 597 0 1,0 3,0 97 564 174 813 11 166-64 753-18 100-157 1815-36 0,6 1,0 57 3 90 489 58 979-38 616-135 766-10 155-6 1,0 3,0 97 769 195 1018 141 036-64 116-46 1411-1 49-80 1,0 3,0 97 974 1 13 159 446-64 157-310 181-85 44-17 HEA3 465 3 0 0,6 45 5 110 85 80 170 1,0 5 88 375 54 749-41 388-106 538-89 91-35 633 0 1,0 3,0 10 575 186 84 1 1648-69 764-196 1013-168 1837-38 0,6 1,0 344 97 493 63 986-41 60-144 769-18 16-65 1,0 3,0 10 780 09 109 153 058-69 1174-64 14-36 451-84 1,0 3,0 10 985 8 134 17 468-69 1583-33 183-5 66-133 99

Søy Fp Fundmnb Dm. kp POSITIVT mm. N 5 = Dm. kp NEGATIVT mmn. h p b p p u b 1 3 4 c 1 c k M 0 N 1 M 1 N M N 0,Rd M 0 N 3 M 3 N 4 M 4 N 6 M 6 V y,rd mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn HEA0 5 3 0 0,6 45 45 1 85 80 170 1,0 66 31 99 380 6 7-47 394-10 543-101 93-39 708 0 1,0 3,0 11 59 10 841 149 168-79 780-3 109-191 1870-4 0,6 1,0 66 349 110 498 73 997-47 66-163 775-144 173-70 1,0 3,0 11 797 36 1046 175 091-79 1190-99 1439-67 485-9 1,0 3,0 11 100 59 1 198 1-79 10-375 1849-343 99-145 Tb 3.9 Fddmnn øyø PF4 HEB-øy. Funn m b 3.8 Søy Fp Fundmnb Dm. kp POSITIVT mm. N 5 = Dm. kp NEGATIVT mmn. h p b p p u b 1 3 4 c 1 c k M 0 N 1 M 1 N M N 0,Rd M 0 N 3 M 3 N 4 M 4 N 6 M 6 V y,rd mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn HEB10 5 180 0 0,6 45 105 0 75 100 1,0 0-15 0 18 5 56-8 108-14 51-14 379-9 189 0 1,0 3,0 31 139 35 334 14 669-13 0-5 458-5 793-11 0,6 1,0 0-15 0 18 5 56-8 113-14 56-14 384-9 1,0 3,0 37 146 384 14 769-13 41-36 6-36 1044-1,0 3,0 37 146 384 14 769-13 5-4 769-4 1153-7 HEB1 45 180 0 0,6 45 115 10 75 45 90 1,0 3 3 145 6 90-11 109-18 53-16 398-10 4 0 1,0 3,0 35 144 339 18 679-18 5-3 464-803 -1 0,6 1,0 3 3 145 6 90-11 1-19 73-17 419-11 1,0 3,0 4 197 46 436 19 871-18 46-45 665-43 1100-4 1,0 3,0 4 197 46 436 19 871-18 581-55 80-5 156-34 HEB1 65 190 0 0,6 45 15 0 75 45 100 1,0 6 8 6 171 8 343-13 15-3 68-0 4-1 59 0 1,0 3,0 3 09 4 364 77-56 -41 495-36 858-14 0,6 1,0 6 8 6 171 8 343-13 163-5 7-3 478-14 1,0 3,0 47 31 54 470 4 9-468 -57 707-5 1177-8 1,0 3,0 47 75 54 514 4 108-680 -7 919-68 1433-43 HEB180 85 10 0 0,6 45 135 75 110 1,0 9 193 11 386-16 155-9 99-5 49-14 93 0 1,0 3,0 38 37 5 8 9 816-7 314-53 553-46 961-17 0,6 1,0 9 66 09 11 419-16 15-34 359-568 -19 1,0 3,0 53 86 64 55 3 10-7 548-73 787-65 1313-33 1,0 3,0 53 389 65 68 33 156-7 783-9 10-85 16-5 HEB00 5 0 0,6 45 145 75 55 10 1,0 33 70 35 14 14 48-19 186-36 39-543 -16 38 0 1,0 3,0 46 67 64 453 36 46-3 373-66 61-57 1065-0 0,6 1,0 33 108 35 51 14 33-19 71-44 415-38 666-4 1,0 3,0 58 343 76 58 41 58-3 6-90 869-80 1451-39 1,0 3,0 58 471 78 710 43 58-3 887-114 116-104 1836-61 HEB0 35 0 0,6 45 155 75 1 1,0 36 91 35 18 470-17 -44 3-37 595-19 363 0 1,0 3,0 54 97 76 0 45 1000-36 433-81 67-69 117-4 0,6 1,0 36 153 41 97 19 593-331 -56 475-48 771-1,0 3,0 63 1 88 6 51 179-36 713-109 95-97 1591-46 1,0 3,0 63 5 9 779 55 1558-36 99-137 131-16 010-71 HEB 345 70 0 0,6 45 165 55 80 65 1 1,0 39 113 45 56 51-4 48-5 39-44 648-398 0 1,0 3,0 63 38 91 548 54 1095-495 -95 734-8 181-7 0,6 1,0 39 00 47 343 3 686-4 39-68 535-879 -36 1,0 3,0 68 459 10 698 63 1397-796 -19 1035-115 1734-53 100

Søy Fp Fundmnb Dm. kp POSITIVT mm. N 5 = Dm. kp NEGATIVT mmn. h p b p p u b 1 3 4 c 1 c k M 0 N 1 M 1 N M N 0,Rd M 0 N 3 M 3 N 4 M 4 N 6 M 6 V y,rd mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn knm kn 1,0 3,0 68 610 107 849 68 1698-1098 -16 1337-149 186-81 HEB 365 90 0 0,6 45 175 65 80 70 1 1,0 4 133 51 76 6 553-7 79-61 4-51 699-5 434 0 1,0 3,0 7 357 106 59 65 1185-44 553-11 79-96 1385-31 0,6 1,0 4 7 54 370 9 7-7 433-79 576-70 946-41 1,0 3,0 73 515 117 754 75 18-44 877-151 1116-135 1870-1,0 3,0 73 677 14 916 8 183-44 101-190 14-175 356-93 HEB80 385 310 0 0,6 45 185 75 80 75 1 1,0 45 154 58 97 31 594-9 -70 453-59 7-8 471 0 1,0 3,0 78 399 10 638 76 175-49 61-19 851-11 1489-36 0,6 1,0 45 54 61 397 35 794-474 -9 618-81 1015-46 1,0 3,0 78 57 133 811 88 161-49 959-175 1198-157 008-68 1,0 3,0 78 745 14 984 98 1968-49 15-0 1544-0 58-105 HEB0 5 3 0 0,6 45 195 85 80 80 170 1,0 48 176 64 319 36 639-3 34-80 485-68 804-3 6 0 1,0 3,0 83 449 135 688 88 1376-54 677-149 916-19 14-0,6 1,0 48 8 69 46 41 851-3 517-105 661-93 1086-5 1,0 3,0 83 633 1 87 103 1745-54 1045-01 184-180 157-77 1,0 3,0 83 818 16 1057 115 113-54 1414-53 1653-3 709-117 HEB30 45 3 0 0,6 45 05 95 80 80 170 1,0 51 181 69 34 648-35 346-87 490-73 814-33 538 0 1,0 3,0 88 463 146 70 97 14-58 691-16 9-139 163-43 0,6 1,0 51 87 75 4 46 861-35 5-113 665-100 1096-54 1,0 3,0 88 648 16 886 113 1773-58 1059-17 198-194 185-81 1,0 3,0 88 83 175 1071 16 141-58 148-7 1667-738 -13 HEB3 445 3 0 0,6 45 15 100 85 80 170 1,0 54 184 74 37 43 654-37 3-93 493-79 80-35 573 0 1,0 3,0 93 473 156 71 105 143-6 700-173 939-1 1651-45 0,6 1,0 54 90 81 434 867-37 55-11 668-106 110-56 1,0 3,0 93 657 174 896 13 179-6 1069-3 18-08 04-85 1,0 3,0 93 841 189 1080 138 1-6 1437-91 1676-67 756-19 HEB3 465 3 0 0,6 45 5 110 85 80 170 1,0 57 187 79 3 47 661-353 -99 496-84 86-37 8 0 1,0 3,0 97 48 167 71 113 144-67 710-186 949-1 1670-47 0,6 1,0 57 93 87 437 55 873-58 -19 67-113 1108-59 1,0 3,0 97 666 187 905 133 1810-67 1078-49 1317 - -89 1,0 3,0 97 851 03 1090 149 179-67 1447-311 1686-84 775-135 HEB0 5 3 0 0,6 45 45 1 85 80 170 1,0 63 19 89 335 54 670-46 357-113 1-94 836-679 0 1,0 3,0 107 496 188 735 19 1470-76 74-1 963-181 1698-5 0,6 1,0 63 98 99 441 64 883-46 533-146 676-17 1118-63 1,0 3,0 107 680 11 919 153 1839-76 109-81 1331-51 -98 1,0 3,0 107 865 31 1104 17 07-76 1461-351 1700-30 803-147 101

3.4..7 Dmnnnpdy PF4 10 Ldd øy 1) V n ddmnn øy b 3.8 3.9. Påv dmnnnd kk N Ed mnd k kpn N 0,Rd bn. Gå punk 13. Anv kn øyn dmnn punkn -4. ) V pn ykk. 3) Bn kkkpn md m (93). Hv kpn kk kk, nd nn pn ykk bnn hk, kkkpn bn på ny. 4) S punkn 11-13. Mmnv øy 1) V n ddmnn øy b 3.8 3.9. Påv d dmnnnd mmn M y,ed mnd k mmnkpn M y,rd bn dn dmnnnd kkn N Ed. Gå d punk 10. V n umn på øyn bn kkkpn md m (93) (94). På unn v dn dmnnnd kkn N Ed bn kpn pv mmn m k k md m (95), (98) (99), m kpn nv mmn m k k md m (96), (97), (100) (101). Gå d punk 9. Dmnn øyn punkn -13. ) V undmnbn dmnn, n pn (nm 4 k M4). 3) An pn v ykkunn hnhdv pv nv mmn, un 3.9 3.. 4) Bm ykk- kkunn vh kvknnn pv nv mmn. 5) An n vd bnykk m kk v ykkpnnnn d bn ykknn uknn. Kn ykkunn pn, punk 3. 6) Bn nødvnd pykk md m (34). 7) Kn md m (43) m d må hnyn hvmkn. Bn d kkpn T-ykk 3.1.. ( nv mmn) 3... ( pv mmn). 8) Kn md mn (39) (45) båd ykkn nn kkn kk b. 9) Dmnn vn md mn (55) (56). 10) Bn vnu mmnkpn m vk k 3.1..5. 11) Kn nknn v undmnbn.4 1) Kn dmnnnd kæk kn vø nn vd kn m (7) på n nnn må m v.8. 13) Dmnn undmn pkkmn NS-EN 199-1-1.

3.4.3 Bnnkmp, PF4 Dmnnnd vknn N Ed = 0 kn M y, Ed = ± 13 knm V y, Ed = ± 9 kn M hvd HEB: S355J y = 355 MP, u = 510 MP Fp: S355J y = 355 MP, u = 510 MP Fundmnb: S355J0 Bn: C5/ ck,0,05 = 1,8 MP, ck = 5 MP Dmnnn Fp, undmnb v V n ddmnn øy b 3.9 Innnpm: HEB 1, N Ed = 0 kn M y,ed = ± 13 knm: I bn kn mn nn p p = mm, u b = 1 k = 3 mmnkpn dn ku kkn ødn M 14 knm M 44 knm y, Rd y, Rd Mmnkpn pv mmn nn k dmnnnd mmn bø bn md m (95): M y,rd c p Ed N 0,Rd N Ed h1 N Ed b 1 N0, Rd 3 d y M0 N 355 mm 3 8,5 1,05 c 1 b mn h c mn 1 15 85mm h 1 85 3 3 0 y, Rd 871 0 85 10 0 85 M 10 1 13,5 knm > M y,ed OK! 871 103

Skækkpn ø b 3.9. V y,rd = 4 kn > V y,ed OK! V: Fp PL x45x180 Fundmnb 4 M4 Sv = 4 mm und h p Fnkn v undmnbn Bn å kk kk (u b < 0) V: Fundmnb v n = 0 mm Fnknnd b = mm Skækkp Skækn vø vd kn md m (7) F, Rd C,d Nc,Ed 0, 0 100kN > V y,ed OK! 104

105