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2 Mjrk gw rqegsa [kksus ls i

3 Publishing-in-support-of, EDUCREATION PUBLISHING RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh Website: Copyright, 2018, Author s All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of its writer. ISBN: Price: The opinions/ contents expressed in this book are solely of the author and do not represent the opinions/ standings/ thoughts of Educreation. Printed in India ii

4 Mjrk gw rqegsa [kksus ls dfork laxzg v'ouh dqekj 'kekz HkkX;Jh oekz EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011) iii

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6 vkhkkj leekfur ikbdksa dk] vfhkoknu djrs gq, esa] v'ouh 'kekz viuh dyiukvksa dh dko;katyh lefizr djrs gq, cgqr g"kz eglwl dj jgk gsw vksj ;g fuosnu djuk pkgrk gw fd] ek ljlorh dh d`ik ls tks dqn l`ftr dj ldk] og esjs ekrk&firk dk vk'khokzn] esjs firk rqy; cm+s HkkbZ;ksa Jh jkelo:i 'kekz th vksj Jh czãlo:i 'kekz th ds Lusg dk izsee;h lg;ksx o izsj.kk gs] ftlus eq>s crk;k fd ftunxh cgqr [kwclwjr gs] cl mles a viuh dyiukvksa ds bunz/kuq"kh jaxksa dks Hkjrs tkvks vksj f'kn~nr o ldkjkredrk ls mls thrs tkvksa esa vkhkkjh gw ] Þizhfr 'kekz th] vfizrk th] ekuoh th] fldunj 'kekz th] jkekizdk'k th] jktu th] vfudsr thß o mu lhkh fe=ksa o ifjokj ds lnl;ksa dk ftuds lg;ksx o izsj.kk ds fcuk esjh dyiukvksa dk ;g dko;kred laxzg ÞMjrk gw rqegsa [kksus lsß iwjh ugha gksrha ÞLusg Nqik gksrk gs] gj NksVh&NksVh ckrksa esa] cl ckrks a es a] fny Nw ysus dh] dld gksuh pkfg, gs [kwclwjr] gj fj'rk ;gk ij cl mldh fny ls] dnj gksuh pkfg,ß /ku;okn vkidk%& v'ouh 'kekz laiknd%& HkkX;Jh oekz v

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8 fo'ks"k vkhkkj fujk'kk es a vk'kk dh fdju cuh gks vkia fqj ls gedks vkius thuk lh[kk fn;k vc 'kqfø;k ds fy, 'kcn gh ugha ftunxh dks vkius tw>uk lh[kk fn;k gj fdlh ds fy, dksbz u dksbz izsj.kk dk lzksr t:j gksrk gsa vkt ge xoz ls dg ldrs gs esjs ifjokj ds ckn tks esjs gj dne ij pkgs oks lq[k gks ;k nq%[k ges'kk lkfk [km+k jgk] eq>s gkslyk fn;k esjs thus ds edln dk,glkl djk;k] ftlusa esjs thou dks,d u;k vk;ke fn;k vksj vkt ftudh dksf'k'kks a ls bl dfork laxzg dks izdkf'kr djus es a lqy gqvk] esjh bz'oj ls izkfkzuk gs fd esjh fdrkc dh laikfndk ^HkkX; Jh oekz th* dk lkfk esjs thou esa gj dne ij feysa ys[kd& v'ouh 'kekz laiknd& HkkX;Jh oekz vii

9 dko; lwph Ø- fo"k; i`"b a a 1 xqtjs tekus lh 1 2 u'kk 2 3 ftunxh dk lcc 3 4 meehn 4 5 u tkus esjs fny es 6 6 esa D;k gw 8 7 ftuls ftuls meehns Fkh 10 8 liuksa dh [kkst 12 9 thuk lh[kk fn;k 'kqhk izhkkr 15 11,d ijh feyh fny dh ckr oks fe= esjk dqn [kkl jgs Li'kZ pkgr dk twuwu nks dne rks lkfk py 24 17,glkl vyqkt esjh ijh rw dg ns rks 29 viii

10 21 lcc 30 22,d lqunj dyiuk ijh esjh gs I;kjh lh Mjrk gw esa rqegsa [kksus ls gd vkidk gs dqn,slk dj vkidh ;kn rqe yksv Hkh vkvks le; dk ifg;k loky cu x;k gw ge oqk djrs jgs Mj yxrk gs rqegas [kks uk nsa ge esjh igpku ty rjax gk ] gw esa VwVk gqvk flrkjk le; pø [krk rks crk Qkal eqdn~nj esa esjs rqedks uk [kks nw vkt fqj ls esjh nqvk egdek 'kwy ge ugha gksaxs ;kn vk;s gks rqe d'ked'k 60 ix

11 48 flddk gh [kksvk gw iz;k.k esjs fopkj 63 x

12 a डरत ह त म ह ख न स 1- xqtjs tekus lh mu irfkjksa ij rqe] vc pkd f?kluk NksM+ nks ftu irfkjksa ij vc] dksbz fu'kkuh uk cusaa vkxs c<+ks vc Hkwydj] xqtjs tekus dks xqtjs tekus lh] vc dksbz dgkuh uk cusaa lks;s gq, esgekuksa] vc tkx Hkh tkvks meehn dh ubz] bd 'keek tykvksaa dgha?kquk u yx tk,] vc rsjh tokuh es dksbz Hkwy u gks tk;s] vc rqels uknkuh esaaa ml jkg ij rsjs] isjksa dh fu'kkuh uk cus xqtjs tekus lh pqi jgdj xqukgksa dks] dc rd lgksxs rqe fcu vkrek ds thfor] dc rd jgksxs rqeaa :duk ugha gs vc rqegsa] c<+rs gh tkuk gs fd;k tks oknk vius ns'k ls] rqedksa fuhkkuk gsaa fqj ls xqykeh dh] vc dksbz jokuh u cus xqtjs tekus lh #### ys[kd%& v'ouh 'kekz laiknd%& HkkX;Jh oekz 1

13 डरत ह त म ह ख न स 2- u'kk Mj&Mj ds ;w gh] thrs gks D;w ;s nwfu;k gh es[kkuk gsaa u'kk lc yksx djrs gs] ;s fdlus ;gk tkuk gsaa dksbz nk: dk u'kk rks dksbz eksgccr dk u'kkaa u'ks esa Mwck gqvk ;s lkjk tekuk gsaa u'ks esa Mwc dj ;w gha uk brjkvks rqe brukaa rqegsa Hkh gs irk bd fnu [kqnk ds ikl tkuk gsaa ys[kd%& v'ouh 'kekz laiknd%& HkkX;Jh oekz #### 2

14 डरत ह त म ह ख न स 3- ftunxh dk lcc gj lcc ;gha ls feyk gj lcd ;gh ls feyk vc fnu Hkh yxrk jkr gs] ge es D;k,slh ckr gs D;ks a nsrs gs /kks[kk lhkh D;k ;gh esjh vksdkr gs] gj [kq'kh rq>ls feyh] gj xe rq>ls feykaa D;k thou Hkj pyrk jgsxk] cl ;w gh ;s flyflykaa gj lcc ;gha oks lqugjh lqcg dc vk;sxh tc dkyh?kvk gv tk;sxh tc jklrs gksxsa lq[kn eafty ges fey tk;sxh ;s lkal Hkh rq>ls feyh ;s :g Hkh rq>ls feyk tkus djsxk dc [kqnk esjh ftunxh dk QSlykAA gj lcc ;gha ys[kd%& v'ouh 'kekz laiknd%& HkkX;Jh oekz 3

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