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Publishing-in-support-of, EDUCREATION PUBLISHING RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi - 110075 Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh - 495001 Website: www.educreation.in Copyright, Authors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of its writer. ISBN: 978-1-5457-0733-3 Price: ` 154.00 The opinions/ contents expressed in this book are solely of the authors and do not represent the opinions/ standings/ thoughts of Educreation or the Editors. The book is released by using the services of self-publishing house. Printed in India ii
f>xyh----fcxkyh--- izhkk ikjhd EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011) www.educreation.in iii
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nks kcn P fdlh Hkh ifjokj esa,d NksVh papy ckfydk viuk LFkku Lor% gh bruk egro iw.kz cuk ysrh gs fd lkjk ifjokj mlh ds bnz fxnz?kwerk utj vkus yxrk gsa ckyd]ckfydkvksa ds gj mez esa vyx&vyx rjg ds fdz;k dyki gksrs gsa ftukdk iwuzjkorzu ge thou Hkj ugha ns[k ldrs pkj o khz; ckfydk ds izfrfnu ds dk;zdykiksa dh ;g eksgd >kwdh tks esjs eu ij vafdr gs mls esusa kcnksa ds ek/;e ls izlrqr fd;k gsa ftldk mns ; ;gh gs--- tks v
[kq kh;kw gekjs pkjksa vksj gas muls viuh >ksfy;kw Hkj ysus dks lnk rs;kj jgksabudk Lor% gksuk gh lkfkzd gs NksVh NksVh ckrsa gs ftuds ek/;e ls esusa bl eklwe Hkksys cpiu dks igpkuk le>k vksj dqn fu PNy iyksa dks vkrelkr dj ysus dk vkuun mbk;ka viuh xqyxksfku iksrh;ksa dh,d eerk ebz nknh----- izhkk ikjhd izhkk ikjhd W vi
uugh lh;k uugh lh;k dk viuk,d kcn dks k gsa pqch pqch& vfkkzr uqdhyh f>xyh fcxyh& lyovksa okyh eqyk;e xmcm kmcm& vlro;lr pcj pcj& ftls pck dj [kk;k tk lds ueue& uedhu [kpj ipj& mrkoyk iuk myyqivkuk& eq[kz cukuk dqpph eqpph& Bw al dj j[kuk vdlj esjs dejs ds [kqys Lok/khu okrkoj.k esa esjs vksj lh;k ds chp dh ckrsa------- vii
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f>xyh fcxyh 1 lh;k dh xqm+h;k xqu xqu o uugh lh lh;k vhkh ek= pkj o kz dh gh rks gsa Fkdh gkjh Ldwy ls vkbz vksj vkrs gh mlus ns[kk--- --uugh uugh vkw[ksa pksm+h gks xbz ----vjs mldh I;kjh xqmh;k myvh im+h gsaa cl vc D;k Fkk--- dkeokyh] nknh] eeeh ]lhkh ij viuk lkjk vkdzks k fudky mlus viuh xqm+h;k dks,sls iqpdkjk tsls mldh vuqiflfkfr esa mldh xqfm+;k u tkus fdrus 1
izhkk ikjhd rdyhqks a dk lkeuk dj jgh FkhA?kj ds lhkh dks lh;k us dqn feuvksa esa gh crk fn;k dh ge lhkh dks mldh xqfm;k dh fteesnkjh lahkkyuk ugha vkrka A gesa rks cppksa dks dsls lahkkyk tkrk gsa ;g lh[kus dh t:jr gsa A viuh cky lqyhk Hkk kk esa mlus dgk----- **vjs esjh Ikkyh xqu xqu rq ;gkw dsls vk xbz-----rq>s fdruh ckj le>k;k gsa fd dejs ds ckgj er vk;k dj vhkh fcym+hxa ls uhps fxj tkrh rc]---- dksbz rq>s /kddk Hkh rks ns ldrk Fkk---- ns[kk ugh ml fnu jksgu dks-----**- ]dksu lahkkyrk rq>s---- esjh I;kjh xqm+h;k ftldk uke xqu xqu Fkk mls yxkrkj iqpdkjrh gq;ha dejs rd yk dj 2
f>xyh fcxyh Ldwy ls feyh pkdysv nsrs gq;s dg jgh Fkh--- py dksbz ckr ugha rq ;g [kk ys jksuk can dj esa nknh ls iwn dj vkrh gsas A vksj dej ij gkfk j[ks lh;k nknh ds lkeus FkhA nknh bldk D;k ercy gsa¼eryc½ vki us esjh xqm+h;k dks D;ks ugha lahkkyk---\ dej ij j[kk gkfk vksj psgjs ij xqlls dh rerekgv --- eeeh vkius Hkh mls bl rjg myvs iqyvs ims + jgus fn;k ------crkvks D;kas\ vksj yyhrk vkavh vki rks esjh xqm+h;k dh ryq Hkh er ns[kuk fdrrkh lh rks gsa vksj nks vaxqyh fn[kkrs gq;s mlus cspkjh xqmh;k ds uugs iu dk ifjp; fn;ka gekjh gwlh us mls vksj mrrsftr fd;k vksj og red dj jksus yxha 3
izhkk ikjhd jksrs gq;s mlus dgk dh] esjs fcuk bl xqmh;k dks?kj esa dksbz lahkkyrk ugha gsa esa bls ukuh ds?kj NksM vkå axha lcus mldh bl ckr ij lgerh trkbz vksj lh;k us vius lkfk xqmh;k ds Hkh dims cnys rjks rktk gksdj----- lh;k viuh xqm+h;k ds lkfk [kkuk [kkrs gq;s Vh oh ns[kus esa O;Lr gks x;h FkhA vc og lc dqn Hkwy pqdh Fkh vksj mlds vxys dqn iyksa ds ckn ogh xqm+h;k njokts ds ikl twrksa dh jsd ds ikl vks?ks eq g ikbz xbza fdlh Hkh le; cppksa dk dksbz Hkh f[kyksuk ;k olrq vr;ar egroiw.kz gks ldrk gsa W 4
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izhkk ikjhd 2 lh;k us eq>s fp= cukuk fl[kk;k o,d fnu uugh lh;k esjs ikl viuh Mªk bzx dh dkih fy;s vkbza vksj eq> ls irax dk fp= cuk nsus dh ekax djus yxha esus vius fglkc ls tks irax cukbz oks lh;k dks ilan ugha vkbz A vksj mlus eq>s fqj ls cukus dks dgk bl ckj Hkh og fujk k gq;h vksj mlus eq>s iwnk fd D;k vkidks 6
f>xyh fcxyh MªkbZx djuk fcydqy Hkh ugha vkrka dksbz ckr ugha dejs esa pyks esa vkidks fl[kkrh gwa vksj mlus eq>s NksVh lh djhc pus ds vkdkj ftruh cm+h xsan cukdj fn[kkbz vksj dgk----- bl ij vki isfuly Qsjrh jgks---- tsls mls Ldwy esa fl[kkrs gsaa vkidks ckwy cukuh vk tk;xha esus mls FkksMh cm+h ckwy cukus dks dgk rc mlus eq>s MkaVrs gq;s dgk Vhpj ls,sls ckr djrs gsa Iyht cksyksa vksj esa kfezunk gq;h vksj fdlh rjg esus iz;kl fd;k vksj lh;k [kq k gksrs gq;s cksyh osjh xqm+--- vksj mlus eq>s I;kj fd;k tsls mls Vhpj I;kj djrh gsa vc rks fu;e ls lh;k eq>s dhkh uko cukuk dhkh pkwn lwjt unh ]igkm+ vksj u tkus 7
izhkk ikjhd D;k D;k cukuk fl[kkrh jgh vksj esa vpnh Nk=k dh rjg lh[krh jgh bl vk kk ls dh dhkh rks lh;k esjs gkfk ij LekbZyh¼og fpug tks Vhpj izluu gksus ij gkfk ds Åij cuk nsrh gs½ ns gh nsxha ij Vh;k,d dm+d Vhpj dh rjg esjs lh[kus dk burtkj dj jgh gsa vksj esa mlls LekbZyh feyus dk aa cppksa ds O;ogkj ls f k{kd ds vkpj.k dk vankt yxk;k tk ldrk gsaa W 8
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izhkk ikjhd 3 lh;k us lkm+h iguh o vkt jfookj Fkk lh;k nknh ds lkfk vdsyh FkhA?kj esa /kksus okys dimks ls,d Qwyksa okyk nqiivk ysdj lh;k nknh ds ikl vkbz vksj cksyh----- pyks nknh Vhpj Vhpj [ksyrs gsa vki eq>s esjh ¼ijh Vhpj dk uke½ Vhpj tslh lkm+h eq>s iguk nksa vk/ks?kavs Hkj dh esgur ds ckn a nknh lkmh+ 10
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