ikb 15 fev~bw vkb, lh[ksa & iqjkus lk/kuksa ls ifjp; n fø;k dk Kku] opu vksj okd; jpuk dh le>a

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1 ikb 15 fev~bw vkb, lh[ksa & fe=rk dh Hkkouk i'kq&if{k;ksa ds izfr isze vksj laosuk euksjatu ds iqjkus lk/kuksa ls ifjp; fø;k dk Kku] opu vksj okd; jpuk dh le>a cujksa ds rek'ks rks rqeus cgqr s[ks gksaxsa ekjh ds b'kkjksa ij cuj dslh&dslh udy djrk gs] mldh 'kjkjrsa Hkh rqeus s[kh gksxha rqeus mls?kjksa ls dim+s mbkdj Hkkxrs s[kk gksxka ij vkt ge rqegsa,d,slk gky lqukrs gsa] ftlls ekywe gksxk fd cuj ym+dksa ls kslrh Hkh dj ldrk gsa dqn fu gq, y[kuå es a,d ljdl deiuh vkbz FkhA mlds ikl 'ksj] Hkkyw] phrk vksj dbz rjg ds vksj Hkh tkuoj FksA buds lkfk,d cuj fev~bw Hkh FkkA ym+dksa ds >q.m ds >q.m jkst bu tkuojksa dks s[kus vk;k djrs FksA fev~bw gh mugsa lcls vpnk yxrka mugha ym+dksa esa xksiky Hkh FkkA og jkst vkrk vksj fev~bw ds ikl?k.vksa pqipki csbk jgrka mls 'ksj] Hkkyw] phrs vkf ls dksbz isze u FkkA og fev~bw ds fy,?kj ls pus] evj] dsys ykrk vksj f[kykrka fev~bw Hkh mlls bruk fgy x;k Fkk fd cxsj mlds f[kyk, dqn u [kkrka bl rjg ksuksa esa cm+h kslrh gks xbza,d fu xksiky us lquk fd ljdl deiuh ogk ls wljs 'kgj esa tk jgh gsa ;g lqudj mls cm+k jat gqvka og jksrk gqvk viuh ek ds ikl vk;k vksj cksyk& ^veek] eq>s,d vbuuh ks] esa tkdj fev~bw dks [kjh ykå A og u tkus dgk pyk tk,xk fqj esa mls dsls s[kw xk\ og Hkh eq>s u s[ksxk rks jks,xka** f'k{k.k ladsr & dgkuh dk gko&hkko ds lkfk okpu djsaa ikb esa vk, fojkefpg~uksa] eqgkojksa vksj mwz ds 'kcksa dks mkgj.k lfgr le>k, A Nk=ksa dks bl dgkuh dk vfhku; djus dks dgsaa cppksa dks ;g crk, fd vc thoksa ds izfr Øwjrk jksdus ds fy, ljdl esa rfkk ekjh ds rek'ks esa cuj] Hkkyw vkf dk iz'kzu dkuwuh :i ls izfrcfu/kr gsa f'k{kd cppksa dks crk, fd tc ;g dgkuh fy[kh xbz Fkh rc vbuuh dk ewy; vf/kd FkkA orzeku esa vbuuh dks ipkl isls ds :i esa tkurs gsaa 91

2 ek us le>k;k& ^^csvk] cuj fdlh dks I;kj ugha djrka og rks cm+k 'ksrku gksrk gsa ;gk vkdj lcdks dkvsxk] eq r esa mykgus lquus im+saxsa** ysfdu ym+ds ij ek ds le>kus dk dksbz vlj u gqvka og jksus yxka vkf[kj ek us etcwj gksdj mls,d vbuuh s ha vbuuh ikdj xksiky ekjs [kq'kh ds Qwy mbka mlus vbuuh dks fev~vh esa eydj [kwc pedk;k] fqj fev~bw dks [kjhus pyka ysfdu fev~bw ogk f[kkbz u f;ka xksiky dk fy Hkj vk;k& fev~bw dgha Hkkx rks ugha x;k\ ekfyd dks vbuuh f[kkdj xksiky cksyk& ^^D;ksa lkgc] fev~bw dks esjs gkfk cspsaxs\** ekfyd jkst mls fev~bw ls [ksyrs vksj f[kykrs s[krk FkkA g ldj cksyk & ^^vcdh ckj vkå xk rks fev~bw dks rqegsa s w xka** xksiky fujk'k gksdj pyk vk;k vksj fev~bw dks b/kj&m/kj <w <us yxka og mls <w <us esa bruk exu Fkk fd mls fdlh ckr dh [kcj u FkhA mls fcydqy u ekywe gqvk fd og phrs ds db?kjs ds ikl vk x;k FkkA phrk Hkhrj pqipki ysvk FkkA xksiky dks db?kjs ds ikl s[kdj mlus iatk ckgj fudkyk vksj mls idm+us dh dksf'k'k djus yxka xksiky rks wljh rjq rkd jgk FkkA mls D;k [kcj Fkh fd phrs dk rst iatk mlds gkfk ds ikl igq p x;k gsa og bruk djhc Fkk fd phrk mldk gkfk idm+dj [khap ys fd fev~bw u 92

3 ekywe dgk ls vkdj mlds iats ij dw im+k vksj iats dks k rksa ls dkvus yxka phrs us wljk iatk fudkyk vksj mls,slk?kk;y dj f;k fd og ogha ij fxj im+k vksj tksj&tksj ls ph[kus yxka fev~bw dh ;g gkyr s[kdj xksiky Hkh jksus yxka ksuksa dk jksuk lqudj yksx ksm+s] mugksaus s[kk fd fev~bw csgks'k im+k gs vksj xksiky jks jgk gsa fev~bw dk?kko rqjur /kks;k x;k vksj ejge yxok;k x;ka FkksM+h sj esa mls gks'k vk x;ka og xksiky dh vksj I;kj ls s[kus yxk] tsls dg jgk gks fd vc D;ksa jksrs gks\ esa rks vpnk gks x;ka dbz fu fev~bw dh ejge iv~vh gksrh jgh vksj vkf[kj og fcydqy vpnk gks x;ka xksiky vc jkst vkrk vksj mls jksfv;k f[kykrka vkf[kj deiuh ds pyus dk fu vk;ka xksiky cgqr jathk FkkA og fev~bw ds db?kjs ds ikl [km+k vk lw&hkjh vk [kksa ls s[k jgk Fkk fd ekfyd us vkdj dgk&^^vxj rqe fev~bw dks ik tkvks rks D;k djksxs\** xksiky us dgk& ^^esa mls vius lkfk ys tkå xk] mlds lkfk&lkfk [ksyw xk] mls viuh Fkkyh esa f[kykå xk] vksj D;k!** ekfyd us dgk& ^^vpnh ckr gs] esa] rqels vbuuh fy;s fcuk gh bls rqegsa srk gw A** xksiky dks tsls dksbz [ktkuk fey x;ka mlus fev~bw dks xks esa mbk fy;k] ij fev~bw uhps dw imk+ vksj mlds ihns&ihns pyus yxka ksuksa [ksyrs&dwrs?kj igq p x,a eqa'kh iszepu eqa'kh izsepu th dk tue lu~ 1880 ¼vBkjg lks vllh½ bz- esa yegh okjk.klh esa gqvk FkkA bugksaus fguh rfkk mwz esa yxhkx rhu lks dgkfu;k rfkk vusd Js"B miu;klks a dh jpuk dha ;s dgkuh vksj miu;kl lezkv ds :i es a izfl) gsa budk fu/ku lu~ 1936 ¼mUuhl lks NRrhl½ bz- esa gqvka 93

4 'kckfkz& 'kjkjr& 'ksrkuha >q.m&lewg] ya rek'ks& iz'kzu] djrca ekjh& i'kq if{k;ksa dk [ksy f[kkus okyk] ¼Me: <ksyd] ck lqjh ctkdj rek'kk f[kkus okyk½a ljdl deiuh& rek'kk f[kkus okys yksxksa dk lewga jat& q%[ka mykguk & f'kdk;ra [kq'kh ls Qwy mbuk & cgqr izluu gksuka fy Hkj vkuk & q%[kh gksuka exu& exu] yhua juthk& mkl] q%[kha vk lw Hkjh vk [ksa& jksuka cks/k iz'u 1- fueufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mrrj fyf[k,& ¼d½ ljdl deiuh fdl 'kgj esa vkbz Fkh\ ¼[k½ xksiky vksj wljs ym+dksa dks dksu lk tkuoj vpnk yxrk Fkk\ ¼x½ xksiky vksj fev~bw vkil esa fe= dsls cu x,\ ¼?k½ xksiky phrs ds db?kjs ds ikl dsls igq p x;k\ ¼³½ fev~bw dsls?kk;y gks x;k\ ¼p½ xksiky izluu D;ksa Fkk\ 2- dks"vd esa f, x, 'kcksa esa ls lgh 'kc pqudj [kkyh LFkku Hkfj,A ¼d½ vbuuh ikdj &&&&&& ekjs [kq'kh ds Qwy mbka ¼xksiky@feV~Bw½ ¼[k½ fev~bw uke dk,d &&&&&& FkkA ¼rksrk@cUj½ ¼x½ dqn fu gq, &&&&&& esa,d ljdl deiuh vkbz FkhA ¼vkxjk@y[kuŽ ¼?k½ ek us etcwj gksdj mls,d &&&&& s ha ¼poUuh@vBUuh½ ¼³½ vcdh ckj vkå xk rks &&&&&& rqegsa s w xka ¼Hkkyw@feV~Bw½ 3- fdlus fdlls dgk fyf[k,& dfku fdlus dgk fdlls dgk csvk] cuj fdlh dks I;kj ugha djrka D;ksa lkgc fev~bw dks esjs gkfk cspksxsa vxj rqe fev~bw dks ik tkvks rks D;k djksxs\ 94

5 Hkk"kk v/;;u ¼d½ fueufyf[kr 'kcksa dk 'kq) mppkj.k dhft, vksj vius okd;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,& deiuh] fev~bw] ejge] vk lw ¼[k½ dslh&dslh 'kcks a es a ;kstd fpg~u dk iz;ksx gqvk gsa bl ikb es a ls ;kstd fpg~u ds iz;ksx okys 'kc Nk Vdj fyf[k,a if<+, vksj lef>, jksrk gs] tkrk gs] [kkrk gs] g lrk gs] i<+rk gsa ;gk & jksrk] tkrk] [kkrk] g lrk] i<+rk 'kcksa ls fdlh dke dk djuk ;k gksuk le>k tkrk gsa vc tkfu, & ftl 'kc ls fdlh dke dk djuk ;k gksuk irk pys] mls fø;k dgrs gsaa tsls& jke iqlrd i<+rk gsa blesa ^^i<+rk** 'kc ls i<+us ds dke dk gksuk ;k djuk irk pyrk gsa 4- fueufyf[kr okd;ksa esa ls fø;k i ds uhps js[kk [khafp,& mk- ¼d½ jke?kj tkrk gsa ¼[k½ lhrk xkuk xkrh gsa ¼x½ lksgu xsa ls [ksyrk gsa ¼?k½ jk/kk ukprh gsa 5- fueufyf[kr 'kcksa esa ls,dopu vksj cgqopu 'kc vyx&vyx dhft,& ym+dk] xk;] vk [ksa] cujksa] ym+ds] xk;sa] vk [k] cuj] Xokyk] Xokys,dopu cgqopu & & & & & 95

6 6- fueufyf[kr 'kcksa dks o.kzekyk ds Øe ls ¼izFke o.kz s[kdj½ fyf[k,& xksiky] {ks=] cuj] fpfm+;k] 'ksj] ljdl 7- okd;ka'k dks mlds lkeus f, x;s okd; esa tksm+dj fyf[k,& D;k gs HkkbZ jes'k! D;ksa fni jgs gks\ D;ksa g l jgs gks\ D;ksa Hkkx jgs gks\ D;ks Mj jgs gks\ ;ksx;rk folrkj vxj vkids xk o@'kgj esa ;k vklikl dksbz ljdl vk, rks mlds ckjs esa vfèkd tkudkjh izkir dhft,a tkuojksa ds izfr izse vksj fe=rk O;Dr djus okyh vu; dgkfu;k ;k izlax if<+, rfkk d{kk esa lqukb,a i'kq if{k;ksa ls lecfu/kr iqlrdsa if<+, vksj muds Hkkstu] fuokl LFkku rfkk izo`frr;ksa dks lef>,a vkil esa ppkz dhft, fd eqdr jgus okys i'kq&if{k;ksa dks ikyrw cukdj fiatm+s esa cu j[kuk D;ksa Bhd ugha gs\ 96

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