Hav-observatorier Møte om SIAEOS, Oslo 19. desember 2008 Peter M. Haugan, Geofysisk Institutt, Universitetet i Bergen

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1 Hav-observatorier Møte om SIAEOS, Oslo 19. desember 2008 Peter M. Haugan, Geofysisk Institutt, Universitetet i Bergen Oppdraget: Generelle kommentarer til SIAEOS Hva kan din institusjon bidra med? Hva (observasjonsplattformer, dataserier, infrastruktur etc. ) er viktig å vurdere/ta med ved videre utvikling av SIAEOS? Er det elementer som mangler? Min vinkling: Nasjonal og internasjonal forskning, ikke bare UiB Marin og dyphav (UiB foreslo kabel-obs i storutstyr 2003) EMSO og NOON

2 Generelle kommentarer til SIAEOS ESFRI er infrastruktur for forskning d.v.s. som skal brukes av forskere: Et kunnskapssenter må passe på å ikke skulle gjøre syntesejobben a la IPCC og ACIA slikt kommer etter forskningen og utenom ESFRI. (RES-delen) Datasenter-aktiviteter bør være av typen portal - ikke duplisere EMODNET og IODE-datasentre etc. RiS er bare et subset Fasiliteten må omfatte data også utenom Svalbard for å være interessant for ESM studier. Enig i at data-assimilering og modellering bør gjøres distribuert trenger ikke sitte på Svalbard. Produksjon av kombinerte datasett er forskning som SIAEOS kan fasilitere ved å gjøre rådata med usikkerhet tilgjengelig. Senterdesign må matches mot forskningsproblemstillinger. Marint budsjett er en brøkdel av hva som trengs og som det finnes tunge forskningsmiljøer som kan utnytte og ha følgeprosjekter til.

3 Hva kan din institusjon bidra med? Måleserier: (Weather ship) station Mike: Hydrography since 1948, more recently carbon chemistry and current meter mooring, now included in EuroSites. The Svinøy section: Current meter moorings since 1995, more recently also profiling instrumentation. Voluntary Observing Ship ADCP and carbon chemistry section since 1999, more recently in collaboration with NIVA. Storfjorden sill ADCP mooring since 2003, now included in DAMOCLES. North Pole Environmental Observatory since 2006 in collaboration with US. + seismologi, havbunnsstudier inkludert SFF i geobiologi Måleteknologi: Observatorier for sanntidsobservasjon Skipsinnsats + ROV Norge trenger dyphavs-rov! UiB er villig til å ta ansvar. + Bidra til å oppdatere Marine observatories Svær mye mangler der!

4 Position MIKE 66 N, 2 E Hydrography on a daily basis since 1948 Ship from 1948, Mooring from 2008/2009 Temperature at 3 deepest observation levels

5 SVINØY Y SECTION A full-scale ocean climate laboratory in the Norwegian Atlantic Current Current measurements since MMP-CTD monitoring Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES) Orvik & Niiler, GRL 2002

6 Storfjorden A climate lab representative of dense water formation and basin-sill-deep water exchange. Strong shelf convection, dense water formation in its recurrent polynya. Its overflow ( 0.1 Sv) was observed at depths in Fram Strait. Bottom water density (σ T ) in the Barents Sea Modified after Blindheim (1987)

7 Current measurements at the Storfjorden sill Monitoring the overflow since 2003 BM-ADCP RDI-300 khz

8 The Operational Oceanography approach Multidisciplinary Multi-platform Observing system (permanent and relocatable) Numerical models of hydrodynamics and ecosystem, coupled a/synchronously to atmospheric forecast Data assimilation for optimal field estimates and uncertainty estimates Continuos production of nowcasts and forecasts of relevant environmental state variables The operational approach: from large to coastal space scales (NESTING), from daily to weekly to monthly time scales

9 New technology for large and shelf scale monitoring: GLIDERS Reception Station IFM-GEOMAR Kiel, Germany ftp Coriolis Data Center IFREMER Brest, France MODELS,GTS,... Flexible Mission parameters angle of ascent/descent = 25 º (minimum energy cost) surfacing every x hours: n1 yoyos [200m-18m] n2 yoyos [ m] with the deep prototype CTD downcasts only (energy cost) ~ y minutes at surface y1 minutes GPS y2 minutes Iridium y3 minutes GPS km/day horizontally 200m or 1000m

10 Operational oceanography in relation to ESFRI Relevant operational planning: EMODNET: European Marine Observation and Data Network, launched by EuroGOOS and the Marine Board European Science Foundation, October 2008 NEAMTWS: North East Atlantic and Mediterranean Tsunami Warning System, in planning, led by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO. The marine part of ESFRI includes: Aurora Borealis (ERICON consortium) Euro-Argo EMSO

11 ESONET NoE (European Sea Observatory Network) is the continuation of ESONET concerted action which recommended to install long term observatories on 11 sites around Europe. EMSO-Preparatory Phase for ESFRI (European infrastructure)

12 Arctic sites EMSO_Tromsø_2008

13 Arctic STATOIL DEMO Mission ESONET DEMO Mission Norwegian Margin STATOIL DEMO Mission FP 5 ESONET I 14 partner Porcupine MOMAR ESONET DEMO Mission Iberian margin ANTARES SN1 ESONET DEMO Mission Hellenic Black Sea

14 NOON norsk konsortium for EMSO/ESFRI, også kabel-observatorier mer generelt Intl. WORKSHOP ON CABLE-BASED OCEAN OBSERVATORIES UiTø, UiB, UiO, NTNU, SINTEF,CMR, Unifob, IMR, NGI JUNE 2007, BERGEN NOON-møte i Oslo : Mulig StatoilHydro synergi NCE Subsea teknologitest Fjordforsøk, utdanning

15 Topics in oceanography and climate Monitoring of Atlantic Water flow towards the Arctic for transport of heat, salt and biological material Ocean CO 2 uptake and acidification Tsunami warning Bottom boundary layer ADCP, RCM, PIES, docking stations, noise Eksempel: Foreslått DEMO innen ESONET(EMSO): ARCOONE (Arctic Operational Oceanography Network in Esonet) AWI/NERSC(+UiB)/FORTH vil utrede bruk av Hausgarten-node som utgangspunkt for datainnsamling over større område rundt Framstredet inkl. rigger og glidere. MASOX (Monitoring Arctic Seafloor Ocean Exchange) Icecrack

16 Visions for cable based ocean observations Marine biology: Continuous measurements of zooplankton and fish by acoustics Marine geology: Extend seismographic network, subseabed monitoring Oceanography/climate: Real time and long term studies of currents and climate Interdisciplinary: Geomicrobiology, seafloor chemistry and biology, CO 2 and CH 4 experiments and monitoring Geographical area: Norwegian slope from southern Norway to central Arctic and Barents Sea

17 Neptune-plans, US Ocean Obs. Initiative

18 Mooring Argossender 2 glass kuler 3 stk. Glasskuler RCM-9 300m kevlar 4 stk. Glasskuler RCM-9 ADCP (top mounted, 100m) Current meters (5) TS sensors in all standard depths (>100 m) O2 sensors Acoustic link to OWS Polarfront Real time 900m kevlar RCM-98 4 stk. Glasskuler Possibilities for add-ons Wire 100m 250kg 2200 m Future cable, gliders, docking?