H 2 som energibærer i Midt-Norden

Transkript

1 H 2 som energibærer i Midt-Norden Innspill til aktiviteter og engasjement i Sverige/Norge langs Green Highway Steffen Møller-Holst Leder av Hydrogenrådet Markedsdirektør H 2 & BC VÄTGASDAG 26.november 2013 Sundsvall Teknologi for et bedre samfunn

2 Input til Hydrogenseminar, 26/11'13 INTRO: Hvorfor satse på H 2 i Region Midt-Norden? FoU innen H 2 & Brenselceller i Norge Investeringsplan for infrastrukturoppbygging i Norge Oppsummering av resultater fra forprosjektet "Hydrogen til transport fra fornybar energi i Midt-Norge" Norske industriaktører, teknologileveranser Hydrogenrådets Handlingsplan for Norge Oppsummering / Anbefalinger Technology for a better society

3 Introduksjon Hvorfor satse på H 2 i Midt-Norden? Midt-Norden har potensial til å bli tidligmarked basert på: Økende tilgang på fornybar energi, vind Behov for energilagring, nettbegrensninger Kompetansemiljøer og innovativt næringsliv Demografi og politisk engasjement Technology for a better society

4 Off-shore Introduksjon Nordens store vind-ressurser On-shore Technology for a better society Source:

5 Limited grid capacity in Northern Norway where the wind is strong Introduksjon Weak 132 kv connection in Finnmark limits the total wind power capacity to 650 MW New 420 kv line 1400 MW wind Potential >> 1400 MW New 420 kv to Finland Technology for a better society Source: Statnett 2002

6 Normaliserte data (%) Samproduksjon vind- og vannkraft i Norge 7 Introduksjon vindkraft tilsig forbruk Uke Kilde: Vogstad et al Technology for a better society

7 Introduksjon H 2 -biler og -stasjoner, Nordens rolle Hydrogenbiler på markedet fra Bygger 400 hydrogenstasjoner innen 2023 i Tyskland Rolle og muligheter i Sverige og Norge: Norge har verdens beste incentiver for introduksjon av H 2 -biler tidligmarked Sverige viser vilje til å bygge ut fornybar energi knyttet til grønne sertifikater Tidligmarkeder gir miljøgevinster og grobunn for regional verdiskaping Technology for a better society

8 Hydrogen Storage Production Metal Hydrides, Reformer Technology & GTL Alanates, C Nano-Materials Biomass Gasification & Gas Conversion Integrated Energy Systems Water Electrolysis (PEM + Alk) H 2 from renewables (bio) Wind Hydrogen ZEG (H 2 + power) Hydrogen Storage LH 2 (+ Carbon) Design, control&optimization Metal Embrittlement Software development Fuel Cells (PEMFC+SOFC+AFC) High Temp. Proton Conductors Concept Development (ship/forklifts) Metal Hydrides, Modeling Hydrogen Combustion Reformer technology Power Electronics Systems Evaluation, CCS Refueling infrastructure Socio-economic aspects Gas Separation Membranes SOFC/PCFC materials Reformer Technology Hydrogen Storage (MOF)

9 Shell Eco Marathon Trouble at the event, Second Place in 2011! 1246 km/l 1 st place

10 Midt-Norges kompetansemiljøer SINTEF/NTNU Introduction økende FoU-aktivitet siden slutten av 1980-tallet anerkjent internasjonalt for høy faglig kvalitet sentralt posisjonert i den Europeiske satsingen på H 2 og BC stort nettverk til industri og FoU-miljøer i EU/USA/Japan deltar i 12 EU-prosjekter innen FoU og Demonstrasjon ser det som strategisk viktig å bidra til økt regional verdiskaping åpnet hydrogenstasjon v /SINTEF i Oslo november 2011 Scandinavia Technology for a better society

11 Scandinavia R&D activities at SINTEF Next-Generation Hydrogen Stations - Producing high quality hydrogen at lower costs: 1. Hydrogen gas quality assurance - Developing new, more efficient methods to predict gas quality and develop strategies to mitigate impurities vulnerable for fuel cell cars. 2. Lowering the cost of hydrogen at nozzle by 'clever' production - Dynamic, on-line operation optimization of production to reduce the cost of hydrogen from generated from electricity by water electrolysers, utilizing price variations in Norway, Nordic countries and Germany. 3. Where is the nearest open hydrogen station? - Developing applications for smartphones, the Web, and SMS, so customers can conveniently find the nearest HRS. 17 Fuel Cell Vehicles in Oslo x10 x5 x2 (+2) 2 Fuelling stations 1 SINTEF/Oslo, Gaustad, 70 MPa, 200 kg/day (400 kg feasible) 1 mobile refueller for EU demo tours SINTEF Materialer og kjemi

12 Europe is the market for Norwegian R&D SINTEF Materialer og kjemi

13 Vision: European FCH Technology Roadmap

14 STAYERS STAYERS STAtionary PEM fuel cells with lifetimes beyond five YEaRS Main objective to carry out materials research to produce PEM fuel cell stacks with a lifetime of 40,000 hours for stationary applications where longevity and reliability are essential. Budget: 4.15 M, Duration: 3 years from SINTEF s part mainly degradation investigations by accelerated stress tests (AST) of single cells and short stacks Iterative approach by performing at least 3 cycles of improvements & further AST At the end of the project, stacks with projected lifetime of 40,000 hours will be installed in the Akzo Nobel chlor-alkali plant in Delfzijl, the Netherlands Photos: Nedstack Technology for a better society

15 Regional hydrogen supply Assumptions and methodology Central Production Distribution HRS network NG SMR Biomass gasification Gaseous truck transport HRS with onsite electrolysis hydrogen production HRS with central supply Electrolysis H 2 pipeline grid By-product H 2 HRS with onsite SMR hydrogen production

16 Hydrogen Infrastructure H 2 -refueling infrastructure investment plan (2050): Require ~ tonnes H 2 /a, ~7 TWh/a Investment estimated at 1,5 Billion until 2050* *In agreement w/study from Natl. Research Council US (2008) Equals ~ 9 per year per capita Infrastructure Cost, Coalition report: Hydrogen /vehicle (5% of total cost) Electricity /vehicle (BEV + PHEV)

17 Natural Gas (Snøhvit) Onshore Wind (Finnmark) Offshore Wind (Rogaland) Natural Gas (e.g. Kårstø) 600 km Hamburg

18 Energy sources in the North - H 2 -delivery Hamburg SMR NG (Snøhvit) Hydrogen Electricity Natural gas CO 2 Onshore Wind (Finnmark) LH 2 GT LNG LH 2 Offshore Wind (Rogaland) NG (e.g. Kårstø) SMR GT NG/H2 pipeline Destination Page 18

19 Energy sources in the South - H 2 -delivery Hamburg Hydrogen Electricity Natural gas CO 2 GH 2 SMR SMR EOR Results used for the GermanHy study Where will the hydrogen come from? Page 19

20 IDEALHY Key information Objective: To develop a technology platform that demonstrates viable technology for scaling up and reducing power consumption for large-scale liquefaction processes by % compared to current state-of-the-art liquefiers and demonstrate how this will enable a cost- and energy-efficient H 2 chain, for which liquid H 2 makes up an important element. Partners: Shell (NL), Linde Kryo (CH), SINTEF (NO), TUD (DE), Weka (CH), Planet(DE), ULB (UK), NEA (UK), KHI (JP) Total budget frame: , SINTEF budget: 457 k Start-up: Nov Duration: 2 years SINTEF main role Design and optimisation of large scale hydrogen liquefaction processes SINTEF contacts: [email protected] and [email protected] WP1 Conceptual process Functional schemes of promising high eff. large scale H2 liq. processes Targets, criteria, boundary conditions Optimised process scheme and technical design of selected high eff. large scale H2 liq. Process LH2 implementation scenario and data whole chain assessment WP2 Process optimisation WP3 Whole chain assessment WP5 Demo preparation WP4 Dissemination and knowledge management WP6 Project management Strategy and script for large scale demo and options for sites 20 Technology for a better society Figure 1: Flow of IDEALHY Project

21 "Hydrogen til transport fra fornybar energi i Midt-Norge" Hovedmål Gjøre en innledende studie av hvordan hydrogen kan benyttes som miljøvennlig drivstoff i Midt-Norge og derigjennom oppnå økt utnyttelse av ny, uregulerbar fornybar kraft (vind/vann) i regionen. Gi en oversikt over ulike konsepter for hvordan hydrogenproduksjon og fornybar kraft i Midt-Norge kan kombineres, og gi anbefalinger til en videre prosess for å realisere et demonstrasjonsanlegg for hydrogendrevne kjøretøyer basert på denne fornybare kraften. Technology for a better society

22 "Hydrogen til transport fra fornybar energi i Midt-Norge" Midt-Norges muligheter, steg for steg Regional utredning for å avdekke de mest aktuelle kilder til og anvendelser for hydrogen = for-prosjekt: Nye deltakere: Demoprosjekter for å sikre regionalt næringsliv inngrep i det voksende internasjonale markedet Verdiskaping med utgangspunkt i høy kompetanse, visjonære politikere og fremtidsrettede industribedrifter "Hydrogen for bærekraftig vekst i Midt-Norge" Technology for a better society

23 "Hydrogen til transport fra fornybar energi i Midt-Norge" Industrimuligheter, nasjonalt og regionalt H 2 -produksjon fra vindkraft Tillater større regional kraftutbygging Drar nytte av høy kompetanse i FoU-miljøene Sikrer økt utnyttelse av regionale vindressurser Næringsliv kan levere konkurransedyktig teknologi: Bidrar til at regionale sluttbrukere kan nå sine miljømål: "Hydrogen for bærekraftig vekst i Midt-Norge"

24 Distribution, Liquefied Gases LNG-technology developed during 1970s Still ca 60% market share High competence at SINTEF within H 2 liquefaction, electrolyser technologies, pipeline distribution & energy assessment Experience and competence from LNG transferable to H 2 - export Offshore LNG-production Transport of CO 2 by ship Technology for a better society

25 Hydrogen Council's Action Plan Handed over to Minister May 9 th 2012 Strong political commitment in Oslo-region Increasing international industry efforts Limited industry engagement in Norway FCEVs ready for the market in Oslo region has 5 H 2 refuelling stations Significant Norwegian R&D activities Some leading Norwegian industrial actors Transnova and Research Council play key roles Norwegian Hydrogen Council, Action Plan

26 Areas where Norway may play pivotal role Provider of technology to the market based on high R&D & industry competence Early market for FCEVs based on the world s best incentives Exporter of hydrogen in a perspective. Norwegian Hydrogen Council, Action Plan

27 Main recommendations ( I/II) - for the period Establish incentives ensuring operation of hydrogen refuelling stations Maintain and strengthen incentives for fast introduction of zero emission vehicles Substantially increase Transnova's budgets (alt. fuels) Increase the support to transport related research Norwegian Hydrogen Council, Action Plan

28 Main recommendations (II/II) - for the period Involve Norwegian SMEs in the emerging market for hydrogen technologies Finance at least 2 large national light house projects within hydrogen technology Assess and reveal the potential for large scale export of sustainable hydrogen from Norway Set requirements for the share of Zero Emission Vehicles in public procurement of vehicles & transport services Norwegian Hydrogen Council, Action Plan

29 "H 2 til transport fra fornybar energi i Midt-Norden" Anbefalinger Bygg på eksisterende kompetanse og initiativer Engasjer regionale aktører, myndigheter og næringsliv Kartlegg regionale fortrinn og utfordringer (Midt-Norden) Se satsingen på H 2 i lys av andre initiativer (biogass, el-bil etc.) Identifiser naturlige trinn i utviklingen, 2015, , 2021 Ikke forvent lønnsomhet de første årene når volumet er lavt Kartlegg finansieringsmuligheter (offentlig/privat samarbeid?) Nordisk Energiforskning? Regionale fond? Technology for a better society

30 "Hydrogen for bærekraftig vekst i Midt-Norden" Technology for a better society