dk ykhkkffkz;k ij izhkko

Transkript

1 prqfkz v/;k; dk ykhkkffkz;k ij izhkko dksbz Hkh 'kks/k dk;z rc rd iwjk ug gks ldrk tc rd fd v/;;u,oa 'kks/k ds Bksl ifj.kke lkeus ug vk tkrsa bl n`f"v ls izlrqr 'kks/k dk;z ds vurxzr gfj;k.kk e vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dk laxbu,oa dk;z&iz.kkyh ls lecfu/kr O;kid v/;;u,oa 'kks/k ds i'pkr~ ifj.kkek,oa fu"d"kks± dks lkeus yk;k x;k gsa iwoz e gh crk;k tk pqdk gs fd bl 'kks/k dk;z gsrq,d fuf'pr {ks= dks pquk x;k rfkk bl {ks= e py jgh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh fofhkuu Ldhekdk tk;tk ysrs gq, dqy 400 ykhkkffkz;k ls vusd igyqvk ij fopkj tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh xbz gsa lkeku;r% 'kks/k ds nksjku ftu ij geus fopkj tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh] mu Ldhek ds ckjs e,d laf{kir tkudkjh nsuk ge vifjgk;z ekurs g rkfd lhkh ckrkdh le> lkq&lkq mhkjdj lkeus vk ldsa p;fur izlrqr 'kks/k v/;;u e geus gfj;k.kk ds vuqlwfpr tkfr;k,oa finm+s oxz dy;k.k funs'kky;@fohkkx }kjk lapkfyr fueufyf[kr dk;zøe@;kstukvk dk ykhkkffkz;k ij im+s izhkkok dk v/;;u fd;k gsa MkW- vecsmdj edku vuqnku ;kstuk % 5 vizsy] 2012 dks bl ;kstuk dk uke cnydj MkW- ckck lkgsc vecsmdj edku vuqnku

2 ;kstuk dj fn;k x;ka vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa finm+s oxz dy;k.k fohkkx] gfj;k.kk ljdkj ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh ;g egùoiw.kz vuqlwfpr tkfr;kds dy;k.k dh ;kstuk gsa ;kstuk ds rgr jkt; ljdkj xjhch js[kk ls uhps fuokzg dj jgs vuqlwfpr Vijhokl tkfr ds O;fDr;k ftuds ikl jgus ;ksx; edku u gks rfkk muds ikl xzkeh.k {ks= e de ls de 50 oxz xt dk rfkk 'kgjh {ks= e 35 oxz xt dk IykV gks rfkk igys bl iz;kstu gsrq vuqnku izkir ug fd;k gksa edku eqjeer gsrq vuqnku ds fy, IykV ds {ks=qy dh lhek ykxw ug gksrha edku cukus gsrq 50000@& #i;s rfkk edku eqjeer gsrq 10000@& #i;s dk vuqnku fn;k tkrk gsa ;kstuk dk ykhk mbkus okyk O;fDr gfj;k.kk dk LFkkbZ fuoklh gksuk pkfg,a bl edku vuqnku ;kstuk ds rgr edku vuqnku gsrq gj ftyk@'kgj e tkap lfefr xfbr dh xbz gs ftlds lnl; rglhynkj@mi&rglhynkj,oa ftyk lekt dy;k.k vf/kdkjh gksrs g rfkk bl lfefr dh vuq'kalk ij gh vkxs dh dk;zokgh leiuu dh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk dk ykhk izkir djus gsrq fohkkx }kjk vizsy&ebz e izeq[k lepkj&i=k e fokku nsdj vkosnu&i= vkefu=r fd, tkrs g rfkk ftyk@rglhy dy;k.k vf/kdkfj;k ds }kjk bl ;kstuk ls lecfu/kr vkosnu&i= izkffkz;k dks fu%'kqyd fn;k tkrk gsa,d fuf'pr izfø;k iw.kz gksus ds i'pkr~ i= ykhkkffkz;k dks bl ;kstuk ds ykhk iznku dj fn, tkrs g A 1 190

3 bfunjk xka/kh fiz;n'kzuh fookg 'kxqu ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ds vuqlwfpr tkfr;k,oa finm+s oxz dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk gfj;k.kk ds LFkkbZ fuoklh tkfr,oa Vijhokl tkfr dh efgykvk dks mudh ym+fd;k dh 'kknh gsrq lgk;rk nh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr nks ym+fd;k dh 'kknh rd izr;sd ym+dh dh 'kknh gsrq #i;s rfkk vu; oxks± dh ym+fd;kdh 'kknh gsrq #i;s dh vuqnku jkf'k 'kknh dh frffk ls,d ekg ds Hkhrj&Hkhrj nh tkrh gsa ;kstuk ds vurxzr mug izkffkz;k dks ik= ekuk tkrk gs tks fo/kok] fujkfjr gks] ym+dh dh vk;q 'kknh ds le; 18 o"kz ls de u gksa izkfkhz dk uke ch-ih-,y- lwph e ntz gks rfkk izkfkhz dh vk; xzkeh.k {ks= e 45000@& #i;s rfkk 'kgjh {ks= e 50000@& #i;s ls vf/kd ug gksuh pkfg, ;k ljdkj }kjk le; ij tks vk; lhek xjhch js[kk ds vurxzr fu/kkzfjr dh xbz gs rfkk ;kstuk e ;g Hkh izko/kku gs fd eka&cki dh e`r;q ds ckn jkf'k ym+dh ds laj{kd@vfhkhkkod dks ns nh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk dk ykhk mbkus ds fy, vkosnd&i= 'kknh ds,d ekg iwoz fu/kkzfjr izi= ds vuqlkj nsuk gksrk gsa 2 flykbz izf'k{k.k ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ljdkj ds mdr funs'kky; }kjk gh vuqlwfpr tkfr dh fo/kokvk ] cslgkjk vksjrk o xjhc ym+fd;k dks flykbz dk izf'k{k.k nsdj mug vkthfodk pykus gsrq ;ksx; cukus ds fy, fohkkx }kjk jkt; e

4 dy;k.k dsunz pyk, tk jgs g A bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr izr;sd izf'k{k.kkfkhz dks 100@& #i;s ekfld Nk=o`fÙk rfkk 150@& #i;s ekfld dpps eky ds fy, fn, tkrs g rfkk vfrfjdr lkykuk izf'k{k.k iwjk gksus ij,d flykbz e'khu eq r iznku dh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr mug izf'k{kkffkz;k dks ykhk iznku fd;k tkrk gs ftuds ekrk&firk ds ifjokj dh okf"kzd vk;,d yk[k #i;s ls de gksrh gsa izr;sd dy;k.k dsunz e 25 lhv gksrh g ftl xkao e flykbz l Vj O;oLFkk gss ml xkao vfkok vkl&ikl dh ym+fd;ka fu/kkzfjr izi= Hkjdj lekt lsfodk ds ikl tek djokus gksrs g A lk{kkrdkj mijkur izf'k{kkffkz;k dk p;u fd;k tkrk gsa 3 vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ym+ds&ym+fd;k dks Ýh dksfpax ;g ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ljdkj rfkk dsunz ljdkj ds lg;ksx ls pykbz tk jgh gsa jkt; ljdkj la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx] gfj;k.kk yksd lsok vk;ksx,oa vu; HkrhZ,tsUlh }kjk yh tkus okyh mpp izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvk dh rs;kjh gsrq vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa finm+s oxz ds Nk=k ds Ýh dksfpax iznku djokrs g rfkk futh {ks= tsls tso&izks ksfxdh,oa lwpuk izks ksfxdh ds {ks= e jkstxkj izkir djus gqr fo[;kr dksfpax lalfkkuk ls izf'k{k.k iznku djokrs g A bl ;kstuk ds v/khu dsunz ljdkj rfkk jkt; ljdkj }kjk 50%50 dk vuqnku fn;k tkrk gsa ;kstuk dk ykhk izkir djus okys ym+ds&ym+fd;ka vuqlwfpr tkfr ls lecfu/kr gksus pkfg,aa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ym+ds&ym+fd;k ds ekrk&firk@vfhkhkkodk dh okf"kzd vk; 2-50 yk[k #i;s ls vf/kd ug gksuh pkfg,a,d vh;kfkhz dsoy 192

5 nks ckj gh bl Ldhe dk ykhk ys ldrk gsa fohkkx }kjk izr;sd o"kz bl ;kstuk ls lecfu/kr fo[;kr dksfpax lalfkkuk ls izlrko ekaxs tkrs g rfkk fohkkxh; lfpo dh v/;{krk e xfbr desvh dksfpax lalfkku dk pquko djsxh rfkk mdr desvh ykhkkffkz;kdk p;u djds lecfu/kr lalfkk e dksfpax iznku djus gsrq Hkstrh gsa 4 ikslv esfvªd Nk=o`fÙk ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ljdkj ds mdr funs'kky; }kjk gh vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ym+ds&ym+fd;k dks esfvªdksùkj d{kkvk e i<+us okyk dks Nk=o`fÙk ds :i e foùkh; lgk;rk iznku dh tkrh gs rkfd os esfvªd ds ckn viuh f'k{kk iwjh dj ld A bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr ikslv esfvªd d{kkvk e 230@& #i;s ls 1200@& #i;s rd izfrekl izfr Nk= Nk=o`fÙk rfkk v/;;u nksjs gsrq 1600@& #i;s izfro"kz iznku fd, tkrs g vksj nwjorhz vksj vuqorhz f'k{kk lfgr i=kpkj e i<+us okyk dks dkslz Qhl dh vnk;xh ds vfrfjdr 1200@& #i;s ikbî&iqlrdk ds fy, izfro"kz iznku fd, tkrs g rfkk Nk=k }kjk vnk dh tkus okyh lhkh vko';d ukwu&fjq.mscy Qhlkdh izfriwfrz dh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk dk ykhk izkir djus okys fo kfkhz vuqlwfpr tkfr ls lecfu/kr gksus pkfg, rfkk Nk= ds ekrk&firk dh ;k vfhkhkkod dh okf"kzd vk; 2]00]000@& #i;s ls vf/kd u gksa ;kstuk ls lecfu/kr vkosnu&i= dk;kzy; ftyk dy;k.k vf/kdkjh vfkok lecfu/kr lalfkku ls 193

6 eq r izkir fd, tk ldrs g rfkk iw.kz :i ls Hkjs gq, vkosnu&i= ftuetkfr] vk;] izek.k&i= layxu gks lalfkku ds izkpk;z }kjk lr;kfir fd, gk A izr;sd o"kz 15 tuojh rd mijksdr dk;kzy;k e tek djokus gksrs g A bl ;kstuk dks f'k{kk fohkkx@vks ksfxd izf'k{k.k,oa O;kolkf;d f'k{kk fohkkx rfkk dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk ifjikyu fd;k tkrk gsa 5 MkW- vecsmdj es/kkoh Nk=&Nk=k ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ljdkj us vuqlwfpr tkfr ds es/kkoh Nk=&Nk=kvk dks mpp f'k{kk izkir djus ds fy, izksrlkfgr djus gsrq MkW- vecsmdj es/kkoh Nk= ;kstuk pykbz gsa vktdy f'k{kk fo'ks"kdj esfvªd ds ckn dh f'k{kk cgqr egaxh gks xbz gsa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds Nk=&Nk=kvk }kjk f'k{kk dk [kpz ogu dj ikuk dfbu gksrk gs ftlds QyLo:i os vkxs dh i<+kbz ug dj ikrs g A blfy, bl Ldhe ds vurxzr vuqlwfpr tkfr;k ds Nk=&Nk=kvk dks esfvªd ds ckn mpp f'k{kk izkir djus ds fy, izksrlkfgr djuk gs rkfd os mpp f'k{kk ij vkus okys [kpz Nk=o`fÙk ds :i e izkir gksus okyh jkf'k e ls iwjk djrk gsa fo kfkhz gfj;k.kk dk LFkkbZ fuoklh gksuk pkfg,a ;kstuk lwfp gfj;k.kk f'k{kk cksmz o dsunzh; fo ky; f'k{kk cksmz ds ijh{kk ifj.kke ds vk/kkj ij vyx&vyx rs;kj dh tkrh gsa ;kstuk ls lecfu/kr tkudkjh lekpkj&i=k e fokkiu nsdj vkosnu&i= vkeaf=r fd, tkrs g A vuqlwfpr tkfr ds es/kkoh Nk=&Nk=kvk dks cksmz@fo'ofo ky; 194

7 dh ijh{kk e izfke Js.kh vadk ds vk/kkj ij izksrlkgu jkf'k iznku dh tkrh gsa d{kk 'kgjh xzkeh.k izfro"kz nh tkus okyh izksrlkgu jkf'k vkbo ]000@& #i;s vkbo ]000@& #i;s nlo vkvzl 6]000@& #i;s okf.kt;,oa lkb±l 8]000@& #i;s rduhdh,oa O;kolkf;d 9]000@& #i;s esfmdy o vykbzm 10]000@& #i;s Lukrd vkvzl] dkezl o lkb±l 9]000@& #i;s rduhdh o O;kolkf;d 11]000@& #i;s 6 esfmdy o vykbzm 12]000@& #i;s vlopn O;olk; e yxs vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ym+ds&ym+fd;kizh&esfvªd Nk=o`fÙk,oa Nk=kokl ;kstuk % gfj;k.kk ljdkj us vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk vuqlwfpr tkfr;k ds t:jrean yksxk ds fy, vusdk dy;k.kdkjh ;kstuk,a pykbz xbz g mue ls,d ;kstuk ;g Hkh gsa ljdkj }kjk vlopn O;olk;k tsls& 'kq"d&'kkspky;k dks lkq djuk] [kky mrkjus rfkk pem+k jaxus dk dk;z djus okys O;fDr;k ds mu cppk dh tks NBh d{kk ls nlo rd im+rs g muds fy, eq r jgus] [kkus&ihus dh lqfo/kk iznku dh 195

8 tkrh gsa gfj;k.kk ljdkj us jkt; e 6 Nk=kokl cuok,a g A Øe'k% Qjhnkckn] jksgrd] jsokm+h] djuky] veckyk rfkk foeqdr tkfr;k ds fy, thun e [kksys gq, g A Nk=kokl e jgus okys ym+ds&ym+fd;k dks d{kk rhljh ls nlo d{kk rd 700@& #i;s izfrekl rfkk 100@& #i;s rnfkz vuqnku iznku fd;k tkrk gs rfkk xsj&nk=kokl Nk=k dks igyh d{kk ls nwljh d{kk rd 110@& #i;s izfrekl rfkk 750@& rnfkz vuqnku iznku fd;k tkrk gsa bl ;kstuk ls lecfu/kr ykhkkfkhz gfj;k.kk dk LFkkbZ fuoklh gksuk pkfg, rfkk vuqlwfpr tkfr ls lecu/k j[krk gksa bl ;kstuk dk vkosnu&i= ftyk dy;k.k vf/kdkjh@rglhy dy;k.k vf/kdkjh dk;kzy; ls eq r izkir dj ldrs g A 7 vuqlwfpr tkfr ds Nk=k ds fy, Nk=kokl ;kstuk gfj;k.kk ljdkj us vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk vuqlwfpr tkfr ds Nk=k ds fy, Nk=kokl ;kstuk pykbz xbz gsa bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr vuqlwfpr tkfr ds Nk=k femy d{kk ls fo'ofo ky; Lrj rd f'k{kk izkir djus okys ym+ds&ym+fd;k ds fy, Nk=kokl fuekz.k ds fy, vuqnku nsrh gsa bl ;kstuk ds vurxzr Hkkjr ljdkj] jkt; ljdkj }kjk 50%50 ds esfpax vk/kkj ij vuqnku fn;k tkrk gsa Nk=kokl fuekz.k ds fy, ih-mcy;w-mh- ¼ch-,.M vkj-½ }kjk fu/kkzfjr Hkwfe jsv ds vk/kkj ij nh tkrh gsa bl ;kstuk e 10 izfr'kr jkf'k LoSfPNd lalfkkvkdks Lo;a [kpz djuh im+rh gs rfkk 'ks"k 90 izfr'kr jkf'k jkt; o dsunz ljdkj }kjk [kpz dh tkrh gsa 8 196

9 p;fur dk;zøek dk ykhkkffkz;k ij izhkko mi;qzdr p;fur Ldhek ] dk;zøek ds lunhkz e budk ykhkkffkz;kij izhkko dh n`f"v ls ;gka 'kks/k ijd ewy;kadu fd;k tk jgk gs rkfd ;g tkuk tk lds fd bu p;fur Ldhek dk ykhkkffkz;k ij fdruk izhkko im+k gs] D;k fd ;g ug tkuk tk,xk fd ljdkj ds }kjk lapkfyr Ldhek dk ykhkkffkz;k ij D;k o fdl izdkj dk izhkko im+k gs] ;g Hkh v/;;u iwjk ug gksxka vkadm+k dk fo'ys"k.k,oa O;k[;k vkadm+k dk fo'ys"k.k rfkk O;k[;k fdlh losz{k.k,oa 'kks/k ij vk/kkfjr v/;;u ds fo'ks"k igyq gksrs g tc vkadm+s bdës gks tk,a] rks ;g vo';d gks tkrk gs fd mudh O;k[;k o fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk,a muds egùo dks Li"V djus ds fy, xq.kkred vkadm+k dh O;k[;k dh tk, rfkk la[;kred vkadm+k dks lkaf[;dh e iz;ksx fd;k tk,a,df=r vkadm+k dk rc rd dksbz egùo ug gksrk tc rd mudk lkaf[;dh rduhdh ls fo'ys"k.k u fd;k tk,a vkadm+k dks,df=r djus ds ckn mudk lw{e ijh{k.k djuk Hkh vko';d gks tkrk gs] D;k fd fo'ys"k.k dh fø;k ds fcuk vkadm+k dk o.kzu djuk dfbu gks tkrk gsa vkadm+k ds fo'ys"k.k dh fø;k djus dk vfkz gs] ^^rkfydk cukdj vli"v vfkks± dks Li"V :i ls izdv djuk**a vkadm+k ds fo'ys"k.k dk dk;z dbz izdkj ls fd;k tk ldrk gsa orzeku 'kks/k e 'kks/kkfkhz ds ikl le; dh ikcanh] O;kid v/;;u {ks= rfkk vu; lhekvk 197

10 ds dkj.k vkdm+k ds fo'ys"k.k ds ljy <ax dks viuk;k x;k gsa ykhkkffkz;k ls izkir lwpukvk ] rf;k,oa vkadm+k ds txg&txg izfr'kr ds :i e izfrlfkkfir djrs gq, O;ofLFkr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gsa ykhkkfkhz vkxs c<+us ls igys ;g tkuuk vko';d gs fd ;g tkuk tk, fd ykhkkfkhz fdls dgk tkrk gs\ lkeku; cksypky dh Hkk"kk e,d ykhkkfkhz og O;fDr gksrk gs tks fdlh Hkh lk/ku ls ykhk vfkok lgk;rk izkir djrk gsa,d ykhkkfkhz izkir fd, x, ykhkk dk izkirdùkkz uohu laf{kir vkwdlqksmz vaxzsth 'kcndks"k ds vuqlkj] ^^thou chek&uhfr vfkok,d fo'ks"k O;kl ds v/khu ykhkk dks izkir djus okyk vf/kdkfjd O;fDr ykhkkfkhz gksrk gsa** vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ds lunhkz e os yksx ykhkkfkhz gksrs g tks fofhkuu tsls& edku vuqnku ;kstuk] bafnjk xka/kh fiz;n'kzuh fookg 'kxqu ;kstuk] ukxfjd laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] efgyk ds fy, flykbz izf'k{k.k ;kstuk] ym+ds&ym+fd;k ds fy, iwoz ijh{kk izf'k{k.k ;kstuk] ikslv esfvªd Nk=o`fÙk ;kstuk] MkW- vecsmdj es/kkoh Nk=&Nk=k ;kstuk] vuqlwfpr tkfr;k ds ym+ds&ym+fd;k ds fy, Nk=kokl ;kstuk,a] lekt dk;z lsokvk ds ykhk izkir djrs g tgka rd orzeku 'kks/k v/;;u dk lecu/k gs ykhkkfkhz mug ekuk x;k gs ftug dsunz,oa jkt; ljdkj ds vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ls layxu laxbuk,oa <kaps ds ek/;e ls izr;{k lgk;rk@lsok,a,oa ykhk igqapk, tkrs g A bl n`f"v ls vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxk ] cslgkjk vksjrk ] fo/kok efgykvk vkfn dks 198

11 'kkfey fd;k gsa ykhkkffkz;k ls izkir tkudkjh] rf; o lwpukvk dk fo'ys"k.k izlrqr 'kks/k ds izlax e fueufyf[kr :i e fd;k x;k gsa ykhkkffkz;k dk fyax vuqlkj forj.k izlrqr 'kks/k e 'kks/kkfkhz ds v/;;u }kjk 400 ykhkkffkz;k dk lk{kkrdkj gsrq p;u fd;k x;ka 'kks/k ds mís'; dh n`f"v ls geus ;g Hkh tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh fd ykhk izkir djus okyk e fdruh efgyk,a,oa iq#"k g A vkadm+k dks fueu rkfydk e fn;k x;k gsa Rkfydk 4-1 ykhkkffkz;k dk fyax vuqlkj fopkj fyax la[;k izfr'kr iq#"k L=h 'kks/kk/;;u ls Li"V gksrk gs fd dqy 400 ykhkkffkz;ksa esa vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk lapkfyr Ldhek,oa ;kstukvksa dk lokzf/kd ykhk lekt dk iq#"k oxz 225 ¼56-25½ mbk jgk gs] tcfd ykhk izkir djus okyh efgykvk dh la[;k 175 ¼43-75½ gsa fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd iq#"k oxz vius O;fDrxr iz;ruk,oa Hkkx&nkSM+ djds py 199

12 jgh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k Ldhek dk ykhk mbkus e vkxs g ] ysfdu vf'k{kk,oa?kjsyq dk;ksza dh otg ls efgyk,a bu ;kstukvk dk mfpr ykhk ugha mbk ik jgh gsaa vr% lq>ko gs fd efgykvk dks Hkh bu ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa ds lkfk vf/kd ls vf/kd tksm+k tk, rkfd efgykvksa dks vf/kd la[;k e ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir gks ldsa vk;q oxz vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls mudh vk;q ds ckjs e iwnk FkkA mùkjnkrkvk dk vk;q oxz vuqlkj fopkj rkfydk 4-2 e izlrqr gsa rkfydk 4-2 vk;q oxz vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k dk fopkj vk;q oxz la[;k izfr'kr 10& & & & & & & & dqy

13 mijksdr 'kks/k e vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh Ldhek,oa ;kstukvksa dk ykhk 21&30 vk;q oxz }kjk ykhk vf/kd mbk;k tk jgk gs rfkk lcls de 81&90 vk;q oxz lewg ds ykhkkffkz;k }kjk ;kstuk,oa dk;zøeksa dk ykhk izkir fd;k tk jgk gsa ;fn 41&50,oa 21&30 vk;q oxz lewgk dk feyk fn;k tk, rks ;kstukvksa dk ykhk izkir djus okys vf/kdka'k ykhkkfkhz ykhk izkir djrs fn[kkbz nsrs g A ykhkkffkz;k dh tkfr gfj;k.kk ds vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk lekt ds lhkh oxks±,oa tkfr;k ds t:jrean yksxk ds fy, vusdk lekt dy;k.k dh ;kstuk,a pykbz tk jgh g A izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku vusd oxks±,oa tkfr;k ds ykhkkffkz;k dk geus lk{kkrdkj fd;ka tkfr ds lanhkz e ykhkkffkz;k dk forj.k fueu rkfydk e fn;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-3 tkfr vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj tkfr la[;k izfr'kr vuqlwfpr tkfr vu; finm+k oxz lkeku; oxz vu;

14 'kks/kk/;;u }kjk Li"V gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk dk vf/kdre ykhk finm+s oxz,oa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ykhkkffkz;k 272 ¼68½ ds }kjk izkir fd;k tk jgk gs tcfd lkeku; rfkk vu; oxz ds ykhkkffkz;k dk Hkkx 128 ¼32½ izfr'kr gsa ; fi ;g iz'kaluh; ckr gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk dk vf/kdre ykhk lekt ds ijeijkxr finm+s,oa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxk }kjk mbk;k tk jgk gs] ysfdu lekt ds lkeku; oxks± e Hkh fu/kzu] detksj,oa t:jrean yksx ik, tkrs g A blfy, lq>ko gs fd bu ;kstukvk dk ykhk lkeku; oxks± ds okafnr ykhkkffkz;krd Hkh igqapk;k tk,a blds fy, fohkkx ds }kjk,d O;kid losz djrs gq, lkeku; oxz ds okafnr ykhkkffkz;k dh igpku Hkh dh tkuh pkfg,a ykhkkffkz;k dk O;olk; gfj;k.kk ljdkj }kjk pykbz tk jgh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh ;kstukvk dk ykhk lekt ds fofhkuu oxz ds O;olkf;;k }kjk mbk;k tk jgk gsa 'kks/k ds nksjku geus mùkjnkrkvk ls muds O;olk; ds ckjs e iwnk mldk fooj.k fueu rkfydk e fn;k x;k gsa 202

15 rkfydk 4-4 O;olk; vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj O;olk; la[;k izfr'kr etnwj fdlku nqdkunkj NksVs O;olk; uksdjh is'kk vu; dksbz 'kks/k }kjk Kkr gksrk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa dk lokzf/kd ykhk etnwj oxz }kjk fy;k tk jgk gs tcfd lcls de ykhk nqdkunkj o vu; oxz ls izkir fd;k tk jgk gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd bu ;kstukvksa,oa dk;zøeksa dk ykhk fofhkuu O;olk;k e yxs gq, lelr yksxk dks ykhk iznku djus ds iz;kl fd, tk,aa ykhkkffkz;k dk osokfgd Lrj 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls muds osokfgd Lrj ds ckjs e iwnk FkkA dqy p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k e ls 62-5 izfr'kr ykhkkfkhz 203

16 fookfgr Fks tcfd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa ds ykhk izkir dj jgs Fks] os 37-5 ykhkkfkhz vfookfgr FksA ykhkkffkz;k dh f'k{kkuqlkj fopkj f'k{kk Kku ds izdk'k ds :i e tkuk tkrk gsa ;g Hkh ekuk tkrk gs fd f'k{kk ds ek/;e ls O;fDr e vuqhko,oa psruk dk lapkj gksrk gsa bl n`f"v ls ykhkkffkz;k ls geus mudh f'k{kk ds ckjs e tkudkjh izkir djus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh tks izr;qùkj ykhkkffkz;k us fn;k mls rkfydk e izlrqr fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-5 f'k{kk Lrj ds vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj f'k{kk Lrj la[;k izfr'kr vui< lk{kj izkbejh femy esfvªd Lukrd 0 & LukrdksÙkj 0 & vu; dksbz

17 'kks/k ds nksjku dqy p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;ksa us izfr'kr ykhkkfkhz lk{kj Fks tcfd ykhkkfkhz vui<+ Fks tks bu ;kstukvksa,oa dk;zøeksa dk ykhk izkir dj jgs gsaa vr% lq>ko gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxksa dks lk{kj cukus dk vfhk;ku pykuk gksxk rkfd ;s vf/kd ls vf/kd ;kstukvk rfkk dk;zøek dk ykhk izkir dj ld A ifjokj dh izd`fr izlrqr 'kks/k losz{k.k ds vurxzr p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k ls muds?kj dh izd`fr ds ckjs e Hkh iwnk FkkA 65 izfr'kr ykhkkffkz;k us crk;k fd muds ifjokj dh izd`fr la;qdr ifjokj okyh gs tcfd 35 izfr'kr yksxk us crk;k fd muds ifjokj dh izd`fr,dy ifjokj gsa Li"V gs fd la;qdr ifjokj ds yksxk ds }kjk vf/kdre iz;ru djds vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa dk ykhk mbk;k tk jgk gsa?kj dh flfkfr izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls muds?kj dh flfkfr ds ckjs e iwnk Fkk fd muds?kj dpps&idds] v/kzidds vfkkzr~ fdl rjg ds g \ mugk us tks tokc fn, mudk fooj.k uhps nh xbz rkfydk e n'kkz;k x;k gsa 205

18 rkfydk 4-6?kj dh flfkfr vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj?kj dh flfkfr la[;k izfr'kr dppk iddk v/kziddk izlrqr 'kks/k ls Li"V gs fd?kj dh izd`fr ds vk/kkj ij dqn pfdr dj nsus okys rf; lkeus vk, g A 'kks/kk/;;u ls Kkr gksrk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk dk vf/kdre ykhk 185 ¼46-25½ ysus okys yksx idds edkuk e jgrs g tcfd lcls de ykhk 65 ¼16-25½ dpps edkuk e jgus okys yksxk dks fey jgk gsa 150 ¼37-50½ ykhkkfkhz v/kzidds edkuk e jg jgs g A 'kks/k ls ;g Hkh Kkr gksrk gs fd le`) yksxk us ykhk mbkus ds iz;kl fd, g A vr% vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxksa dh vkffkzd flfkfr dh lgh rjhds ls tkap ugha dh xbz ftlls fd bu ;kstukvksa dk ykhk mu yksxksa dks de feyk tks fd oklro esa blds gdnkj FksA p;u djrs odr ykhkkffkz;k dh vkffkzd flfkfr dh tkap Bhd <ax ls dh tkuh pkfg,a vk; ds lzksr 'kks/k ds nksjku p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k ds vk; ds lzksrk ds ckjs e iwnk FkkA mùkjnkrkvk us bl lanhkz e tks dqn Hkh dgk mldk fooj.k rkfydk 4-7 e Li"V gsa 206

19 rkfydk 4-7 vk; ds lzksrk ds vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj vk; ds lzksr la[;k izfr'kr d`f"k O;olk; ls tqm+s Jfed m ksx lkgqdkjh d`f"k Jfed vu; dksbz & & 'kks/k ls Kkr gksrk gs fd fofhkuu O;olk;k e yxs Jfed vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk dk vf/kdre ykhk 260 ¼65½ mbk jgs g tcfd lcls de ykhk m ksx&/ka/kk e yxs yksxk }kjk mbk;k tk jgk gs tks bl vksj ladsr djrs g fd mpp oxz Hkh ykhk ysus dh gksm+ e g A Hkw&LokfeRo izlrqr 'kks/k losz{k.k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls ;g iwnus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh fd D;k muds ikl tehu ;k vu; Hkw&LokfeRo gs ;k ug A og 400 ykhkkffkz;k e ls 62-5 izfr'kr yksxk us dgk fd muds ikl Hkw&LokfeRo ug gs vfkkzr~ tehu&tk;nkn tslh dksbz leifùk ug gs tcfd 37-5 izfr'kr yksxk us dgk fd muds ikl Hkw&LokfeRo gsa 207

20 lq>ko gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstuk,a,oa dk;zøe tks fd Hkwfeghu etnwjk ] xjhc o fdlkuk ds fy, gh cukbz xbz g ] dk ykhk dsoy mug dks feyuk pkfg,a uxjh; leifùk izlrqr 'kks/k gsrq nso&fun'kzu iz.kkyh ls pqus x, 400 ykhkkffkz;ke ls dsoy 12-6 izfr'kr yksxk us crk;k fd muds ikl uxjh; leifùk gs] ftldk ;k rks og Lo;a mi;ksx dj jgs g ;k vu; fdlh dks fdjk;k ;k vu; mi;ksx gsrq ns j[kk gsa ;g flfkfr Hkh xehkhjrkiwozd fopkj djus dh ekax djrh gsa lq>ko ;g gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa dk ykhk nsrs le; vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk lekt ds leifùkghu ykhkkffkz;k dks vf/kdre ofj;rk nh tkuh pkfg,a ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh dk lzksr p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa dh tkudkjh ds lzksr ds ckjs e tkuus dh dksf'k'k dha 208

21 rkfydk 4-8 ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh ds lzksr vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj tkudkjh ds lzksr la[;k izfr'kr fdlh ykhkkffkz;k ls ljiap ls im+kslh ls vf/kdkjh ls ifjokj ls izlrqr 'kks/kk/;;u ds fo'ys"k.k ls Kkr gqvk fd 400 ykhkkffkz;kdks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh py jgh ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh vu; ykhkkffkz;k ls T;knk 135 ¼33-75½ izkir gksrh gs rfkk nwljs Øe e py jgh ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh ykhkkffkz;k dks im+ksfl;k ls 115 ¼28-75½ T;knk izkir gksrh gs tcfd lcls de tkudkjh ifjokjtuk ls 35 ¼8-75½ feyrh gsa og nwljh vksj 17-5 izfr'kr ykhkkffkz;k us vf/kdkfj;ksa dk uke fy;ka dqy feykdj ;g dgk tk ldrk gs fd ykhkkffkz;k dh tkudkjh ds eq[; lzksr xsj&ljdkjh jgs g A blds lkfk&lkfk iz'u ;g Hkh mbrk gs fd ykhkkfkhz Lo;a ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh ug j[krs rfkk os nwljk ij vkfjr jgrs g A vr% lq>ko gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dk;zøeksa,oa 209

22 ;kstukvksa dh tkudkjh fohkkx ds vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk vf/kd ls vf/kd yksxksa dks iznku dh tk,a ;kstukvk ls ykhk izkfir vdlj ;g eglwl fd;k x;k gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dh Ldhek dk ykhk vf/kdka'k yksxk dks ug fey jgk gsa bl 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls bl lanhkz e iwnk Fkk] rks 52-5 izfr'kr yksxkdk dguk gs fd mug vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh ;kstukvk ls dksbz ykhk ug gks jgk gs tcfd 47-5 izfr'kr yksxk dk dguk Fkk fd bu ;kstukvk dk ykhk mug fey jgk gsa fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd vf/kdka'k ykhkkffkz;k dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh Ldhek ds ckjs e turk e vpnh Nfor ug gksxha ogka ij gekjh og izdyiuk lgh fl) gks jgh gsa vr% izfø;k dks vksj ykhkdkjh cuk;k tk, rfkk vf/kd ykhk nsus dh dksf'k'k dh tk, rkfd ykhkkfkhz bu Ldhek ls viuh vkffkzd flfkr dks lq/kkj ldsa ls ykhk izkfir e dfbukbz lkeku;r% ;g ns[kk x;k gs fd ykhkkffkz;k dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e vusd dfbukb;k dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gsa blh ckr dks /;ku e j[krs gq, geus izlrqr 'kks/k ds 210

23 nksjku ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk Fkk fd D;k mug ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e fdlh izdkj dh dfbukbz dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gs ;k ug \ bl n`f"v ls ykhkkffkz;k }kjk nh xbz tkudkjh fueukafdr rkfydk e nh xbz gsa rkfydk 4-9 ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e dfbukbz vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj dfbukbz la[;k izfr'kr dfbukbz vkbz dfbukbz ug vkbz 'kks/k e n'kkz;k x;k gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh Ldhek ls yksx vlarq"v g ] D;k fd vf/kdka'k ykhkkffkz;k 265 ¼66-25½ dk ekuuk gs fd iz'kklu }kjk pykbz tk jgh Ldhek dk Qk;nk izkir djus e mug vusd dfbukb;k dk lkeuk djuk im+k gs tcfd 135 ¼33-75½ yksxk us dgk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk lapkfyr dh tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh Ldhek dk Qk;nk mbkus e mug fdlh izdkj dh lel;k dk lkeuk ug djuk im+k gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd dy;k.kdkjh ;kstukvk dh ykhk izkfir ds ekxz e tks Hkh ck/kk,a g mug lekir fd;k tk, rkfd ;kstukvk dk ykhk lhkh dks vklkuh ls fey ldsa og nwljh vksj ;g mik; Hkh 211

24 T;knk dkjxj fl) gksxk ;fn ykhk izkir djus dh izfø;k ls ykyqhrk'kkgh] uksdj'kkgh,oa csotg dh [kkukiwfrz dh izfø;k dks lekir djrs gq, lh/ks {ks= e tkdj ykhkkffkz;k dh igpku dh tk, vksj mugykhk iznku fd, tk,aa ykhkkffkz;k dh igpku dk <ax,d 'kks/k losz{k.k ds }kjk ykhkkffkz;k dh igpku ds <ax dk fo'ys"k.k djuk,d egùoiw.kz dne gsa geus 'kks/k ds nksjku ykhkkffkz;kls iwnk Fkk fd mug ;kstukvk ds ykhk izkir djus dh izfø;k e ykus vfkok mudh igpku ds dksu ls <ax dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k Fkk\ mùkjnkrkvk }kjk fn, x, tokc fueu rkfydk e izlrqr g A rkfydk 4-10 ykhkkffkz;k dh igpku ds <ax ds vuqlkj fopkj <ax la[;k izfr'kr?kjsyq losz }kjk fohkkxh; dezpkfj;k }kjk ifjokj }kjk im+ksfl;k }kjk & & c d LVkWQ }kjk & & nkslr ;k lecfu/k;k }kjk vu; lzksr

25 'kks/kk/;;u ls Li"V gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh ;kstukvk e lokzf/kd ykhkkfkhz 215 ¼53-75½?kjsyw losz ds }kjk igpkus x, tcfd lcls de ykhkkfkhz nkslr ;k lecfu/k;k ds ek/;e ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk ls tqm+ A lq>ko ;g gs fd tc Hkh igpku djuh gks rks bls [kqys e fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd ikjnf'kzrk dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsa ;g dk;z xzke&lhkkvk o okmz&lhkkvk ds ek/;e ls vklkuh ls fd;k tk ldrk gsa ekeys dks yvdkuk vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh ;kstukvk dh lcls cm+h fomecuk ;g gs fd ykhkkffkz;k dks budk ykhk izkir djus ds ekeys e dkqh foyec fd;k tkrk gs vfkok?kqek;k&fqjk;k tkrk gsa 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls bl lunhkz e iwnk Fkk rks 90 izfr'kr ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd ekeys dks yvdk;k x;k tcfd 10 izfr'kr yksxk dk ekuuk Fkk fd muds ekeys dks dg Hkh yvdk;k ug x;ka bl lunhkz e lq>ko gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh ;kstukvk dk ykhk ykhkkffkz;k rd fcuk fdlh?kqekvk &fqjkvk rfkk fcuk ck/kk ds ykhkkffkz;k rd igqapk;k tk,] ;fn,slk ug fd;k x;k rks 213

26 ;kstuk cukrs le; tks fufgr Hkkouk,a,oa mís'; gksrs g og v/kwjs jg tk,axsa rkfydk 4-11 ;kstuk ls izkir vk; ds [kpz ds vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj [kpz dh en la[;k izfr'kr?kjsyq t:jrk dks iwjk djus ij _.k mrkjus e vu; lqfo/kkvk ij [kpz izlrqr 'kks/k e ykhkkffkz;k dks Ldhek ls feyh vk; ds O;; ds ckjs e crk;k x;k gs fd mugk us bls dgka&dgka O;; fd;ka vf/kdrj ykhkkffkz;k 290 ¼75-5½ us ;kstukvk ls izkir vk; dks viuh?kjsyq vko';drkvk dks iwjk djus e O;; fd;k tcfd 60 ¼15½ ykhkkffkz;k us izkir vk; dks vu; lqfo/kkvk dks iwjk djus e [kpz fd;ka mi;qzdr rkfydk ls fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd ykhkkffkz;k us ;kstukvk ls izkir vk; dk iz;ksx vdlj viuh ewyhkwr vko';drkvk tsls& jksvh] dim+k vksj edku ds fy, O;; fd;k gsa igpku&i=@izcks/ku&i= /kkj.k vuqlkj ykhkkffkz;k dk forj.k izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls muds igpku&i= vfkok izcks/ku&i= ds ckjs e iwnk Fkk] rks yxhkx 80 izfr'kr ykhkkffkz;k 214

27 us crk;k fd muds ikl Ldhek,oa ;kstukvksa ls lecu/kh dksbz Hkh igpku&i= ;k izcks/ku&i= ug gs tcfd 20 izfr'kr ykhkkffkz;k us Lohdkj fd;k fd muds ikl ;g i= miyc/k gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd lhkh ykhkkffkz;k dks igpku&i=,oa izcks/ku i= fn;k tk, rkfd muds ek/;e ls mudh igpku vklku gks tk, rfkk mug ykhk izkir djus e ftu lel;kvk dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gs mugiwjk fd;k tk ldsa dk;zøek dh lqyrk fdlh Hkh dk;zøe@;kstuk dh lqyrk dh iz'kklu dh Nfo dk vk/kkj gksrk gsa bl n`f"v ls geus ykhkkffkz;k ls ;g tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh fd D;k vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh ;kstuk,a lqy g \ bl ckcr tks mùkj ykhkkffkz;k us fn, mugrkfydk e Li"V fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-12 dh lqyrk ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj dk;zøek dh lqyrk la[;k izfr'kr gka ug

28 'kks/k ls Kkr gksrk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk ls tqm+s rfkk p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k e ls 220 ¼55½ dk er gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dk;zøe lqy ug g tcfd 180 ¼45½ yksxk us ekuk gs fd lekt dy;k.k dh ;kstuk,a lqy g A vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk,slh ljy uhfr;ka cukbz tk,a rkfd bu ;kstukvksa,oa dk;kzøeksa dk ykhk vf/kd ls vf/kd lekt ds xjhc yksxksa dks izkir gks ldsa ykhk izkfir e foyec izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku ykhkkffkz;k ls geus ;g iwnk Fkk fd D;k mug ykhk izkir djus e fdlh izdkj ds foyec dk lkeuk djuk im+k gs ;k ug \ ;fn foyec dk lkeuk djuk im+k gs] rks mlds D;k dkj.k jgs g \ mùkjnkrkvk }kjk feyh tkudkjh rkfydk 4-13 e nh xbz gsa rkfydk 4-13 ykhkkffkz;k ds ekeys e foyec ds dkj.k vuqlkj ds fopkj foyec ds dkj.k la[;k izfr'kr yech izfø;k Hkz"Vkpkj jktuhfr $ $2$

29 'kks/k }kjk gs fd fofhkuu ;kstukvk e ykhkkffkz;k dks foyec ls ykhk feyrk gsa bl ckjs e 165 ¼41-25½ ykhkkffkz;k dk dguk gs fd yech izfø;k ds dkj.k mug ykhk foyec ls feyk gs tcfd 45 ¼11-25½ yksxk us jktuhfr dks bldk izeq[k dkj.k crk;k gsa bl izdkj 70 ¼17-50½ yksxk us jktuhfr] Hkz"Vkpkj,oa yech izfø;k dks bldk dkj.k ekuk gsa oklro e ] ;g,d xehkhj lel;k gs] D;k fd ykhk izkir djus dh yech izfø;k vksj Hkz"Vkpkj ds dkj.k ykhkkffkz;k dks ykhk ug fey ikrs og nwljh vksj ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e dh tk jgh jktuhfr ds dkj.k okafnr ykhkkffkz;k dks nsjh ls ykhk izkir gksrk gsa ykhk izkfir e O;; izk;% ;g ckr lquus dks feyrh gs fd ykhkkffkz;k dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e vius ikl ls islk [kpz djuk im+rk gs tc geus bl ckjs e ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk rks mugk us tks Hkh tokc fn, mls fueu rkfydk e n'kkz;k x;k gsa 217

30 rkfydk 4-14 ykhkkfkhz dh Ldhe dk ykhk izkir djus e islk O;; djus ckjs fopkj [kpz gqvk la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/kk/;;u ls irk pyrk gs fd 215 ¼53-75½ yksxk us ;g dgk gs fd mug vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e dksbz islk [kpz ugha djuk im+k tcfd ;g v'p;ztud rf; Hkh mhkj dj lkeus vk;k gs fd yxhkx 400 ykhkkffkz;k e ls 185 ¼46-25½ us dgk fd mug ;kstukvk ls ykhk izkir djus e islk [kpz djuk im+ka vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh Ldhek dk ykhk izkir djus ds fy, lekt ds detksj] v'kldr] fujfjr] viaxks] fo/kokvk,oa xjhck ls islk ysdj ;kstukvk dk Qk;nk nsuk furkar laosnughurk dk ekeyk gsa bl vksj iz'kklu dks xehkhjrk ls fopkj djuk pkfg,a bl n`f"v ls lq>ko gs fd ;kstukvk dk ykhk iznku djrs le; leiw.kz izfø;k e ikjnf'kzrk dh uhfr viukuh pkfg, rfkk lecfu/kr dk;kzy;,oa ykhkkffkz;k ds fcpksfy;k dks dksbz eksdk ug nsuk pkfg,a 218

31 udn ykhk izkfir lkeku;r% fofhkuu ;kstukvk ds vurxzr t:jrean ykhkkffkz;k dks udn ykhk nsdj mudh lgk;rk dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gsa bl ckjs e geus ykhkkffkz;k ls ;g tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh fd D;k fofhkuu ;kstukvk ls mudks udn ykhk izkfir gqbz gs ;k ug A p;fur 400 mùkjnkrkvk e ls 89-5 izfr'kr yksxk us ;g ekuk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh fofhkuu ;kstukvk ls mug udn lgk;rk feyh gs tcfd 11-5 izfr'kr yksxk us dgk fd mug lgk;rk lkexzh eqgs;k djokbz xbza bl lunhkz e lq>ko ;g gs fd udn /kujkf'k dk nq#i;ksx Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gsa vr% lk/ku o lqfo/kkvk ds :i e Hkh ;fn ykhkkffkz;k dh lgk;rk vf/kd dh tk,] rks og vksj T;knk jpukred o ldkjkred fl) gksxha ljdkjh dkfezdk dk ykhkkffkz;k ls leidz vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk ds lanhkz e ;g vko';d :i ls ekuk tkrk jgk gs fd tc rd ljdkjh dezpkjh yf{kr ykhkkffkz;k ls cjkcj leidz ug cuk, j[k xs] rks ;kstukvk ds fø;kuo;u e udkjkred izhkko im+rs g A blfy, dfezdk dk ykhkkffkz;k ls lrr leidz cuk, j[kus ij cy fn;k tkrk jgk gsa bl ckjs e Hkh geus p;fur ykhkkffkz;k ls tkudkjh yh ftls fueu rkfydk e n'kkz;k x;k gsa 219

32 rkfydk 4-15 ljdkjh dfez;k ds ykhkkffkz;k ls leidz gsrq fopkj leidz la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/k e Li"V fd;k x;k gs fd ljdkjh dezpkfj;k dk ykhkkffkz;k ls lrr leidz cuk, j[kuk ;kstukvk dh lqyrk e egùoiw.kz Hkwfedk vnk djrk gsa dqy ykhkkffkz;k e ls vf/kdka'k 255 ¼63-75½ us Lohdkj fd;k gs fd ljdkjh dk;zdùkkz muls leidz ug j[krs g tcfd 145 ¼36-25½ us dgk fd ljdkjh dk;zdùkkz muls leidz j[krs g A ljdkjh ;kstukvk ls ykhk izkir djus okys ykhkkffkz;k ls ljdkjh dezpkfj;k dk lrr leidz cgqr vko';d gksrk gs] D;k fd blls tgka fohkkx ykhkkffkz;k dh ijs'kkuh dks fudvrk ls le> ldrk gs og nwljh vksj ;kstuk ds fø;kuo;u dh flfkfr dk vkadyu Hkh lehko gksrk gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd ljdkjh dezpkjh ykhkkffkz;k ds lrr leidz e jgs rkfd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa dk fø;kuo;u vksj T;knk izhkkoh cu ldsa 220

33 ;kstukvk dk lkekftd,oa vkffkzd Lrj ij izhkko ljdkj ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh Ldhek ls rhkh ykhk gs tc muls ykhkkffkz;k ds thou e O;kid ifjorzu vk,a rkfydk 4-16 e fn, x, vkadm+k }kjk flfkfr dk irk yxk;k tk ldrk gsa rkfydk 4-16 D;k Ldhek dks viukus ds ckn lkekftd] vkffkzd Lrj e ifjorzu gqvk\ fopkj la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/kk/;;u ls Li"V gs fd mùkjnkrk ykhkkffkz;k e ls 275 ¼68-75½ us dgk fd Ldhek ls muds lkekftd rfkk vkffkzd thou Lrj e dksbz ifjorzu ug gqvk gs tcfd 125 ¼31-25½ yksxk us dgk fd Ldhekds viukus ds ckn muds lkekftd o vkffkzd Lrj e ifjorzu vk;k gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd ;kstukvksa ls lecfu/kr vf/kd ls vf/kd /kujkf'k dh c<+ksrjh dh tk, ftlls vkus okys le; esa ;kstuk dk ykhk izkirdùkkz dh lkekftd] vkffkzd flfkfr esa lq/kkj gksxka i;zos{k.k fdlh Hkh laxbu o iz'kklu e i;zos{k.k jpukred,oa ldkjkred Hkwfedk fuhkkrk gsa vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds }kjk 221

34 lapkfyr dh tk jgh Ldhek ds lanhkz e i;zos{k.k,d egùoiw.kz vko';drk gs rkfd ;g tkuk tk lds fd ;kstukvk dk fø;kuo;u lgh fn'kk e ] Bhd <ax ls yf{kr yksxk ds fy, gh gks jgk gs vfkok ug ( bl ckjs e ykhkkffkz;k ds tokc dks rkfydk 4-17 e izlrqr fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-17 ;kstukvk ds i;zos{k.k ls lecfu/kr ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k i;zos{k.k gqvk\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug tslk fd igys gh dgk tk pqdk gs fd ;fn Ldhek dk i;zos{k.k fd;k tk,] rks muds mís'; /kjs ds /kjs jg tkrs g A rkfydk 4-17 ds v/;;u ls irk pyrk gs fd 245 ¼61-25½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd Ldhek ls lecfu/kr ljdkjh vf/kdkjh muds ikl i;zos{k.k gsrq ug vkrs tcfd 155 ¼38-75½ us dgk fd i;zos{k.k muds ikl vkrs g A bl ckjs e lq>ko gs fd Ldhek ls lecfu/kr i;zos{k.k cjkcj fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd le; ij miflfkr ck/kkvk,oa eqf'dyk dks nwj fd;k tk ldsa 222

35 uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk iz'kklu dks pykus e uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk cm+h egùoiw.kz gksrh gs] izlrqr 'kks/k v/;;u ds lanhkz e ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk x;k fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dk;zøek ds fø;kuo;u ds lecu/k e uksdj'kkgh dk joş ;k dslk gs\ ykhkkffkz;k us tks tokc fn;k mldk fooj.k fueu rkfydk 4-18 e fn;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-18 uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k Hkwfedk ck/kd gs\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug ug tkurs 'kks/k }kjk Li"V gs fd vf/kdka'k 215 ¼54-2½ ykhkkffkz;k dk ekuuk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk ds fø;kuo;u e uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk,oa O;ogkj udkjkred rfkk ck/kd g tcfd 153 ¼38-25½ yksxk us dgk fd uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk udkjkred o ck/kd ug gs og nwljh vksj 32 ¼8½ yksxk us bl ckjs e dqn Hkh dgus ls lkq budkj dj fn;ka fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd vf/kdka'k ykhkkffkz;k us uksdj'kkgh dh Hkwfedk dks udkjkred ekuk gsa 223

36 blfy, lq>ko gs fd uksdj'kkgh vius O;ogkj] izo`fùk,oa dk;z&iz.kkyh e O;kid lq/kkj yk,] D;k fd fofhkuu 'kks/kk ] v/;;u,oa lfefr;k dh fjiksvz e Hkh ;g ekuk x;k gs fd ;kstukvk ds fø;kuo;u e uksdj'kkgh dk udkjkred joş ;k gh eq[; :i ls laosnu'khyrk yk, rkfd lekt ds finm+s] oafpr] nfyr vksj t:jrean yksxk dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh ;kstuk,a lsok Hkko ls miyc/k djokbz tk ld A LFkkuh; 'kklu dh Hkwfedk orzeku ;qx yksdru=,oa fodsunzh;dj.k dk ;qx gs ftle 'kklu,oa iz'kklu dk lapkyu vf/kdkf/kd vk/kkj Lrj ij djus dh izo`fùk c<+rh tk jgh gsa bl n`f"v ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx,oa mldh ;kstukvk ds lanhkz e LFkkuh; iz'kklu dh Hkwfedk egùoiw.kz fn[kkbz nsrh gsa bl ckjs e geus p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;k ls muds fopkj tkuus pkgs Fks] ftug rkfydk 4-19 e izlrqr fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-19 dk;zøek ds fø;kuo;u e LFkkuh; 'kklu dh Hkwfedk ckjs fopkj Hkwfedk la[;k izfr'kr gs ug ug tkurs

37 'kks/k ls Li"V gs fd mùkjnkrkvk ls geus iwnk Fkk fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk ds fø;kuo;u e LFkkuh; 'kklu dh Hkwfedk gs ;k ug \ mùkjnkrkvk e 237 ¼59-25½ gka e tokc fn;k rfkk 140 ¼35½ us ug vksj 23 ¼5-75½ yksx ug tkurs dk tckc FkkA vf/kdka'k yksxk dk ekuuk gs fd LFkkuh; 'kklu dh Hkwfedk vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk ds fø;kuo;u e gs fqj Hkh lq>ko gs fd LFkkuh; 'kklu dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ds fø;kuo;u ls tksm+us ds Hkjiwj iz;kl fd, tk,aa LFkkuh; 'kklu dk fu;u=.k izlrqr 'kks/k ds lanhkz e ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk x;k fd D;k vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ds fø;kuo;u dks ysdj LFkkuh; 'kklu ds ikl fu;u=.k dh 'kfdr gksuh pkfg,a bl lanhkz e ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkjk dks rkfydk 4-20 e fn;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-20 vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dk;zøek e LFkkuh; 'kklu ds fu;u=.k ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k fu;u=.k gksuk pkfg, la[;k izfr'kr gka ug ug tkurs

38 'kks/kk/;;u ds fo'ys"k.k ls Li"V gs fd p;fur 400 ykhkkfkhz mùkjnkrkvk ls tc ;g iwnk x;k fd D;k vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds dk;zøek e LFkkuh; 'kklu dk fu;u=.k gksuk pkfg, ;k ug \ rks vf/kdka'k yksxk 236 ¼59½ us dgk ^gka* rfkk 142 ¼35-50½ us ^ug * rfkk 22 ¼5-50½ us dqn ug dgka vr% fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd lekt ds vf/kla[; yksx vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh py jgh ;kstukvk ij LFkkuh; 'kklu ds fu;u=.k ds vksfpr; dks lgh Bgjkrs g A vr% bl fn'kk e mfpr dne mbkrs gq, vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh Ldhek ls LFkkuh; iz'kklu dks tksm+k tkuk pkfg,a blls LFkkuh; iz'kklu oklrfod :i e yksxk dks gh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk ds vurxzr feys ykhkk dks fu;u=.k e j[ksxk rfkk gsj&qsj ds de volj fey ik,axsa ykhk fnyokus e LFkkuh; 'kklu,oa tu&izfrfuf/k;k dh Hkwfedk,slk ekuk tkrk gs fd tc rd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds dk;zøek ds fø;kuo;u e LFkkuh; 'kklu,oa turk ds }kjk pqus x, izfrfuf/k;k dk lg;ksx,oa lgk;rk ug izkir gksxh rc rd lekt ds vf/kdka'k yksx bu dy;k.kdkjh ;kstukvk ds ykhk ls oafpr jg tk,axsa 'kks/k ds nksjku ykhkkffkz;k ls geus bl ckjs e Hkh iwnk] blls lecfu/kr vkadm+s rkfydk 4-21 e fn, x, g A 226

39 rkfydk 4-21 dk;zøek dk ykhk fnyokus e LFkkuh; 'kklu,oa tuizfrfuf/k;k dh Hkwfedk ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k Hkwfedk ldkjkred gs\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/k }kjk Li"V gksrk gs fd 274 ¼68-5½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd Hkwfedk ldkjkred,oa lg;ksxiw.kz gs tcfd 'ks"k 126 ¼31-5½ yksxkus bl ckjs e tu izfrfuf/k;k,oa LFkkuh; 'kklu dh Hkwfedk dks ldkjkred ug ekuka bl lunhkz e lq>ko ;g gs fd tu izfrfuf/k;k,oa LFkkuh; 'kklu dks T;knk tkx:d fd;k tk, rkfd os Bhd <ax ls yksxk dks ekxz&n'kzu,oa lg;ksx nsrs gq, ldkjkred Hkwfedk fuhkk,aa flqkfj'kykhkkffkz;k ls ppkz ds nksjku ;g ik;k x;k fd dqn yksx jktuhfrd igqap,oa vu; flqkfj'kk ds ek/;e ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh ;kstukvk ds ykhk izkir djus e lqy gks tkrs g tc geus ykhkkffkz;k ls bl ckjs e iwnk muds mùkj rkfydk 4-22 e n'kkz, x, g A 227

40 rkfydk 4-22 ykhk izkir djus e flqkfj'kk ds ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj flqkfj'k dsls djrs g \ la[;k izfr'kr fdlh izhkkoh O;fDr rd igqap cukrs g \ ge dqn ug dj ikrs dksbz vu; izlrqr 'kks/k e vkadm+s iznf'kzr djrs g fd 196 ¼49-0½ ykhkkffkz;k us vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh Ldhek dk ykhk izkir djus ds fy, fdlh u fdlh izhkkoh O;fDr rd igqap cukrs gq, ykhk ysus gsrq flqkfj'k dh tcfd 183 ¼45-75½ yksxk us dgk fd og dqn ug dj ik, vksj 'ks"k 21 ¼5-25½ us dgk fd mugk us dksbz lk/ku viuk;ka ;kstukvk dk ykhk izkir djus e fdlh Hkh flqkfj'k izfø;k dks lekir djus ds fy, dm+s ls dm+s dne mbk, tkus pkfg,a rkfd LorU=,oa fu"i{k rjhds ls ;kstukvk dk ykhk dsoy t:jrean yksxk dks gh fey ldsa ykhkkffkz;k dk dkfezdk ls ifjp; ykhkkffkz;k dh tkx:drk Hkh ykhkkffkz;k dks Ldhek dk ykhk fnyokus e dkqh gn rd lgk;d fl) gksrh gsa og nwljh vksj ;g 228

41 Hkh dgk tk ldrk gs fd dkfezdk ls ykhkkffkz;k dk ifjp; Hkh mugykhk fnyok ldrk gs] D;k fd dkfezd dfbukb;k ds odr ykhkkffkz;k dh izr;{k o vizr;{k lgk;rk o ekxz&n'kzu djrs g A bl n`f"v ls geus ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk Fkk fd D;k mudk fdlh dkfezd ls ifjp; gs\ dkfezdk us tks tokc fn, mudk fooj.k rkfydk 4-23 e fn;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-23 D;k ykhkkfkhz fdlh vf/kdkjh dk uke tkurk gs] ug \ fopkj la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/k ls Li"V gs fd 'kks/k ds nksjku ykhkkffkz;k ls ckrphr djus ij irk pyk gs fd 275 ¼68-75½ ykhkkfkhz vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ls tqm+s dkfezdk dk uke rd ug tkurs tcfd 125 ¼31-25½ yksxk us dgk fd og fdlh u fdlh dkfezd dk uke tkurs g A blls Li"V gksrk gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ls tqm+s dkfezd ykhkkffkz;k ds leidz e T;knk ug jgrsa dkfezdk dk jos ;k vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ls tqm+h Ldhek ds lapkyu djrs le; dkfezdk dk O;ogkj Hkh ;kstukvk dh lqyrk dk egùoiw.kz 229

42 ?kvd gsa tc ykhkkffkz;k ls bl ckjs e iwnk x;k] rks mugk us tks tokc fn, mug rkfydk 4-24 e Li"V fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-24 D;k ykhkkfkhz lekt dk;zdùkkzvk ds joş ;s ls larq"v g \ fopkj la[;k izfr'kr gka ug fdlh Hkh laxbu ;k iz'kklu ls tqm+s gq, dkfezdk dk O;ogkj laxbu dh lqyrk dk vk/kkj gksrk gs] D;k fd vxj dezpkfj;k dk O;ogkj Bhd ug gksxk rks ml laxbu ;k iz'kklu ds }kjk fd, tk jgs dk;z Hkh vlqy gks tkrs g A rkfydk 4-24 ls Li"V gs fd dkfezdk dk joş ;k Hkh lg;ksxkred gks] ysfdu izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku 285 ¼71-25½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd bl lanhkz e ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd os dkfezdk ds joş ;s ls larq"v ug g og nwljh vksj 115 ¼28-75½ ykhkkffkz;k dk dguk Fkk fd joş ;k Bhd gsa blfy, lq>ko gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds laxbukred <kaps ls tqm+s dkfezdk dks vius O;ogkj e lq/kkj ykuk pkfg,a 230

43 f'kdk;rk ds fuokj.k gsrq le; le; ij ykhkkffkz;k dks ;kstukvk ds ykhk izkir djus lecu/kh vusd dfbukb;k dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gsa ;s dfbukb;ka rhkh nwj gks ldrh gs tc ykhkkfkhz Lo;a buds lek/kku gsrq le; fudky dj iz;ru dj A bl ckjs e geus ykhkkffkz;k ls 'kks/k ds nksjku gh iwnus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh tks tokc mugk us fn;k mls rkfydk 4-25 e izlrqr fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-25 f'kdk;rk dks nwj djokus gsrq le; fudkyus ckjs fopkj D;k le; fudkyk\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/k }kjk Li"V gs fd 305 ¼76-25½ ykhkkffkz;k us ;kstukvk }kjk ykhk ysus ds ekxz e vkus okyh f'kdk;rk ds fuok.kz ds fy, dksbz le; ug fudkyk] dsoy 95 ¼23-75½ ykhkkffkz;k us gh lel;kvk ds funku gsrq iz;ru fd;ka blfy, lq>ko gs fd bug le; fudkyus dh izsj.kk nh tk,a Lo;alsoh laxbuk ds ckjs e tkudkjh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ds {ks= e vusd xsj&ljdkjh Lo;a lsoh 231

44 laxbu dk;zjr g A izlrqr 'kks/k dk;z ds nksjku ykhkkffkz;k ls lk{kkrdkj djrs le; geus iwnk Fkk fd D;k og fdlh Lo;a lsoh laxbu dk uke vfkok muds ckjs e tkurs g A rkfydk 4-26 Lo;alsoh laxbuk ds ckjs e ykhkkffkz;k dh tkudkjh ckjs fopkj tkudkjh gs\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug 'kks/k ls Kkrk gksrk gs fd 205 ¼51-25½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd og fdlh Hkh Lo;a lsoh laxbu dk uke rd ug tkurs rfkk 'ks"k 195 ¼48-75½ yksxk us dgk fd og,d nks Lo;a lsoh lalfkkvk ds uke tkurs g A bl lwpuk ls Li"V gks tkrk gs fd ykhkkfkhz vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx e yxh lalfkkvk ds ckjs e tkx:d ug gsa vr% lq>ko gs fd fohkkx }kjk vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxksa dks Lo;alsoh lalfkkvksa ds ckjs esa tkx:d fd;k tk,a vu;,t fl;k }kjk ykhk@lgk;rk orzeku lekt e vusd Lo;a lsoh lalfkk,a vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds {ks= e vk xbz g rfkk ljdkj ds Hkh fofhkuu fohkkxk 232

45 }kjk vius&vius Lrj ij vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k gsrq vfhkdj.k cuk, x, g ftuls izr;{k ;k vizr;{k :i ls lekt e jgus okys yksxk dks ykhk feyrs jgrs g A ;gka tkuus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k fd D;k,d ls vf/kd vfhkdj.kk ls ykhkkffkz;k us ykhk ysus dk D;k dksbz iz;kl fd;ka rkfydk 4-27 fdlh vu;,tsulh ls ykhk izkir djus lecu/kh ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k ykhk izkir gksrk gs\ la[;k izfr'kr gka ug izlrqr 'kks/k e fn, x, fopkjk ls ;g Li"V gs fd p;fur dqy 400 ykhkkffkz;k e ls 315 ¼78-75½ yksxk dk dguk gs fd mugvu; fdlh Hkh,t lh ls dksbz lgk;rk ug fey jgh tcfd 85 ¼21-25½ ykhkkffkz;k dk dguk gs fd mug vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ds {ks= e lfø;,t fl;k ls Hkh lgk;rk izkir gksrh gsa,d ls vf/kd,t fl;k ls mlh izdkj ds ykhkk ds nksgjko dks jksdus gsrq izhkko'kkyh leuo; LFkkfir djus dh vko';drk gsa dk;zøek dh mi;ksfxrk fdlh Hkh dk;zøe dh yksdfiz;rk mldh mi;ksfxrk ij fuhkzj 233

46 djrh gsa ;gh ckr vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh ;kstukvk ds ckjs e Hkh dgh tk ldrh gs] D;k fd ;fn vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstuk,a vuqi;ksxh fl) gk xh] rks muds cukus vksj dk;kzuo;u dh dksbz Hkh lkfkzdrk ug jgsxha vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh py jgh ;kstukvk dh mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs e geus p;fur ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk] mugk us tks tokc fn, mug uhps nh xbz rkfydk 4-28 e a izlrqr fd;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-28 vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dk;zøek dh mi;ksfxrk ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs e fopkj la[;k izfr'kr de izhkkoh,oa vlarks"ktud vko';drkvk dks iwjk djus e i;kzir iz'kaluh;,oa ewy;kadu 'kks/kk/;;u }kjk Li"V gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh py jgh Ldhek,oa ;kstukvksa ds ckjs e p;fur 400 ykhkkffkz;ksa e l 195 ¼48-75½ dk fopkj gs fd ;kstuk,a de izhkkoh,oa vlarks"ktud g tcfd 175 ¼43-75½ yksxk dk dguk gs fd ;kstuk,a vko';drkvk dks iwjk djus e i;kzir g ] ysfdu 30 ¼7-50½ yksxk dk dguk gs fd ;kstuk,a 234

47 iz'kaluh;,oa ewy;oku g A Li"V gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh py jgh ;kstuk,a vhkh Hkh lansgiw.kz g A ljdkj dks vf/kdkf/kd yksd leidz djrs gq, lekt e O;kIr lansgk dks nwj djus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg, rkfd lekt dy;k.k dh py jgh Ldhek ij turk dk fo'okl iui ldsa lghkkfxrk dbz ckj dgk tk pqdk gs fd uhfr fuekz.k] fu.kz; fuekz.k,oe~ muds fø;kuo;u e vke turk dh lghkkfxrk izkir djus dh dksf'k'k dh tkuh pkfg, rkfd uhfr&fu.kz;,oa dk;zøek dh lqyrk dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsa yksdru= ds bl ;qx e uhfr&fuekz.k dh izfø;k e lecfu/kr izhkkfor O;fDr;k dks Hkh 'kkfey djus dh ekax vc fnuksfnu c<+rh tk jgh gsa bl ckjs e tc geus ykhkkffkz;k ls iwnk rks mugk us tks tokc fn, mudk fooj.k rkfydk 4-29 e fn;k x;k gsa rkfydk 4-29 uhfr&fuekz.k@;kstuk&fuekz.k izfø;k e lghkkfxrk ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj D;k lghkkfxrk gksuh pkfg, la[;k izfr'kr gka ug

48 lghkkfxrk ds ckjs e 205 ¼51-25½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd muguhfr&fuekz.k] Ldhe&fuekZ.k izfø;k,oa fu.kz; dh izfø;k e 'kkfey djuk pkfg,a pkgs og dksbz Hkh Lrj,oa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk D;k u gks tcfd 195 ¼48-75½ ykhkkffkz;k us dgk fd ble mudh dksbz #fp ug gsa fu"d"kz ;g fudyrk gs fd vf/kdka'k yksxk dh gkfnzd bpnk gs fd mug uhfr&fuekz.k,oa fu.kz;&fuekz.k dh izfø;k ls tksm+k tk, rkfd ;kstuk,a vksj T;knk O;kogkfjd,oa thour cu ldsa ykhkkffkz;k dh larqf"v fdlh Hkh lsok ;kstuk ;k dk;z dk egùo rhkh rd gksrk gs tc rd mlls vfhk"v mís';k dks iwjk ;k izkir fd;k tk ldsa vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh Ldhek dks cukrs le; Hkh bug ckrk dks /;ku e j[kk tkuk pkfg, rkfd turk bu lsokvk dks izkir dj larqf"v dh vuqhkwfr dj ld A 'kks/k ds nksjku geus ykhkkffkz;k ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh py jgh ;kstukvk ls izkir larqf"v ds ckjs e Hkh tkudkjh gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh mugk us tks tokc fn, mug fueu rkfydk e iznf'kzr fd;k x;k gsa 236

49 rkfydk 4-30 ;kstukvk ls izkir larqf"v ckjs ykhkkffkz;k ds fopkj fopkj la[;k izfr'kr gka ug izlrqr 'kks/k }kjk p;fur 400 mùkjnkrkvk e ls 315 ¼78-75½ yksx fdlh u fdlh dkj.k ls vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ls vlarq"v g tcfd ek= 85 ¼21-25½ yksx gh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k dh pykbz tk jgh ;kstukvk rfkk muls fey jgs ykhkk ls larq"v g A xksjryc gs fd Ldhek e de /kujkf'k dk izko/kku] dkfezdkdk vhknz O;ogkj] ykhk izkfir e nsjh rfkk vu;,sls vusd dkj.k g ftldh otg ls ykhkkfkhz nh tk jgh lsokvk ls larq"v ug g A lq>ko gs fd ljdkj }kjk fofhkuu dk;zøek rfkk Ldhek dks T;knk ykhkdkjh cukuk pkfg, rkfd yf{kr oxks± dks larqf"v izkir gks ldsa bl izdkj Li"V gs fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx }kjk pykbz tk jgh dy;k.kdkjh ;kstukvks dk ykhkkffkz;k ij cgqr T;knk izhkko ug im+ jgk gs ftu dkj.kk ls ;kstukvk dk O;kid izhkko ykhkkffkz;k ij ug im+ jgk gs mu dkj.kk dh ppkz Åij igys Hkh dh tk pqdh gsa 237

50 izlrqr 'kks/k dh vk/kkj Hkwfe ds :i e tks ifjdyiuk,a fu/kkzfjr dh xbz Fk og Hkh mi;qzdr izkir fu"d"kks±,oa rf;k dh dlksvh ij [kjh mrjh gs] D;k fd 'kks/k ds nksjku ;g ik;k x;k fd vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k ;kstukvk dk ykhk mbkus e efgyk,a ihns g A ;kstukvk dh tkudkjh ykhkkffkz;k rd Bhd <ax ls ug igqap ikrh ftlds dkj.k mug ykhk izkir djus e dkqh dfbukb;k dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gsa ykhkkffkz;k us ;g Hkh crk;k fd muds p;u dk <ax Bhd ug gsa ekeyk dks cgqr yvdk;k tkrk gsa ykhk izkir djus e dqn O;; Hkh djuk im+rk gsa ykhkkffkz;k dks izcks/ku,oa igpku&i= Hkh de gh fn, tkrs g tc v/;;u fd;k tk jgk Fkk rc ;g ckr Hkh mhkjdj Li"V :i e lkeus vkbz fd dkfezdk dk O;ogkj iw.kzr% Bhd ug gsa ykhkkffkz;k dk ekuuk gs fd ;kstukvk dks lapkfyr,oa fu;fu=r djus e LFkkuh; 'kklu dh egùoiw.kz Hkwfedk fuhkkuh pkfg, rhkh Ldhek dk ykhk izkir djus ds ekeys e jktuhfrd o vu; flqkfj'k ] dkfezdk dk vhknz O;ogkj,oa vu; f'kdk;rk dks izhkkoh <ax ls nwj fd;k tk,a bu lc ds vykok izlrqr 'kks/k ds nksjku ;g rf; Hkh lkeus vk;k gsa ; fi ljdkj }kjk pykbz tk jgh vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx dh ;kstukvk,oa dk;zøeksa ds fø;kuo;u e dkqh [kkfe;ka g ] fdurq bl gsrq dsoy vuqlwfpr tkfr dy;k.k fohkkx ds laxbu,oa mldh dk;z&iz.kkyh dks gh nks"kh ug Bgjk;k tk ldrka bl ekeys e yf{kr ykhkkffkz;k dks Hkh Lo;a dkqh dqn igy djrs gq, vko';d dne mbkus 238

51 gk xs] D;k fd ;g ns[kk x;k gs fd ykhkkffkz;k ds chp ljdkj ds }kjk pykbz tk jgh Ldhek dks ysdj,d lkeku;,oa ijeijkxr /kkj.kk cuh gqbz gs fd ;g rks dsoy ljdkjh ;kstuk,a g vksj budk fø;kuo;u,oa buds ckjs e lkspus dk dk;z dsoy ljdkj dk gh gsa bl n`f"v ls dgk tk ldrk gs fd ykhkkffkz;k e Lo;a tkx`fr] psruk,oa mrlkg dh Hkkouk gksuh pkfg, rkfd og bu ;kstukvk dk ykhk mbkus e vf/kd l{ke fl) gks ld A 239

52 lunhkz 1- vuqlwfpr tkfr;ka,oa finm+k oxz dy;k.k fohkkx] p.mhx<+] gfj;k.kk] vuqlwfpr tkfr;ka,oa finm+k oxz dy;k.k fohkkx] eq[; 3- vuqlwfpr tkfr;ka,oa finm+k oxz dy;k.k fohkkx] p.mhx<+] gfj;k.kk] ogh 5- ogh 6- ogh 7- ogh 8- ogh 240