Tkkrh;oknkP;k fojks/kkr iq.ks djkjkrhy MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkph Hkwfedk

Transkript

1 Tkkrh;oknkP;k fojks/kkr iq.ks djkjkrhy MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkph Hkwfedk xks kokjk (Abstract). आच य वन द ध ड र म vfllvav izksqslj jkt; kklrz fohkkx kadjjko tkogs ikvhy egkfo ky; yksgkjk ft- mlekukckn मह र भ रत nqlú;k xksyest ifj knse/;s tsaogk fczvh kkauh nfyrkauk Lora«k ernkjla?k ns.;kph?kks k.kk dsyh] rsaogk MkWckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh fczvh kkaph cktw?ksryh vkf.k nfyrkauk Lora= ernkjla?k ns.;kcìy R;kaP;k fu.kz;kps lefkzu dsys- ijarq xka/khthauh ek= fczvh kkap;k ;k fu.kz;kyk dmkmwu fojks/k dsyk dkj.k R;kaP;k ers ;k fu.kz;keqgs nfyrkap;k gkrh eksbh lùkk ;sbzy vkf.k fganw lektkps fo?kvu gksbzy- gh lcc MkWvkacsMdjkauk eku; uogrh- Eg.kwu egkrek xka/khthauh rrdkyhu fczvh k iarç/kku ts- jkels ewdmksukym ;kap;k fczvh k ljdkjp;k?kvuse/;s tkrh; fuokmk ;k lnjk[kkyh nfyrkauk Lora= ernkjla?k ns.;kp;k fu.kz;k fo:) fnukad 20 livsacj 1932 iklwu iq.;kp;k ;sjomk dkjkx`gk e/;s vej.k miks k.k lq: dsys- R;keqGs laiw.kz ns kkr xka/khthaps çk.k okpfo.;klkbh ns khkjkr,dp [kg[kg ektyh- MkWckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh R;kauh R;kaph Hkwfedk cnywu ek?kkj?;koh ;klkbh R;kaP;koj ncko ok<w ykxykijf.kker% 24 livsacj 1932 jksth fganw usrs o nfyrkaps usrs ;ke/;s rmtksm gksåu,d Bjko ikl dj.;kr vkyk tks ßiq.ks djkjþ ;k ukokus izfl) vkgs- lnjhy Bjkokuqlkj 25 livsacj 1932 jksth eqcbz e/;s,d lkoztfud csbd cksyko.;kr vkyh o tkghj dj.;kr vkys dh] ßfganwae/;s tueko:u dks.kkykgh vli` ; eku.;kr ;s.kkj ukgh vkf.k R;kauk loz lkekftd lalfkkae/;s brj fganw izek.ksp loz gdd vlrhy-þ Hkkjrh; nfyr pgoghrhy gk,sfrgkfld Bjko iq<s pkywu nfyrkauk yksd kkghr jktdh; lÿkse/;s lghkkxh d:u?ks.;klkbh ik;khkwr eqyk/kkj Bjyk- izlrwr kks/kfuca/kkpk gszrw gk nksugh cktwamdhy usr;kae/;s >kysy;k ppsze/kwu dk; Qfyr lk/; >kys o dk; uqdlku >kys ;kpk FkksMD;kr mgkiksg dj.;kpk iz;ru dsysyk vkgs- eq[; lakk%& iq.ks djkj] nfyr oxz] Lora= ernkjla?k] egkrek xka/kh] MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdj] jktdh; lerk] lkekftd lerk] lkekftd gdd br;knh- 1P a g e

2 nfyr o exkloxhz;kap;k izfrfu/khùokk fo k;h rrdkyhu n`f Vdksu% brj fganw usrs o nfyrkaps izfrfuf/kÿo dj.kkjs usrs ;ka e/;s fo/kheamgke/;s nfyr oxkzaps izfrfu/khÿo vkf.k R;kaP;k dy;k.k dk;kze/;s vkm ;s.kkú;k brj ckch ;k fo k;h tks djkj >kyk rks [kkyhy ifjpnsnkr fnysyk vkgs- 1- izkarh; fo/kheamgkrhy lozlk/kkj.k tkxkaisdh dkgh tkxk nfyr oxkzalkbh [kkyhyizek.ks jk[kho BsoY;k tko;kr% enzkl 30] eqacbz vkf.k fla/k 25] iatkc 8] fcgkj vkf.k vksfjlk 18] dsanzh; izkar 20] vklke 7] caxky 30] la;qdr izkar 20 vls,dw.k 148- ojhy loz vdms fczvh k iariz/kku ;kap;k fu.kz;koj vk/kkfjr vkgsr- 2- lnjhy tkxkalkbh la;qdr ernkjla?kkrwu [kkyhy i)rhus fuom.kwdk gkrhy- lozlkeku; ernkjla?kkr uksan.kh dsysy;k loz nfyr o ekxkloxhz; mesnokjkapk,d xv vlsy tks pkj vkjf{kr nfyr mesnokjkap;k iwukyyk,der i)rhus fuomwu nsrhy( vkf.k ;ke/;s v kk izkfkfed fuom.kwdkrhy lokzf/kd ers imysy;k pkj mesnjkapk iwuky lozlkeku; ernkjla?kkrwu fuomyk tkbzy- rlsp dsanzh; fo/kheamgke/;s lq)k v kkp izdkjs nfyr oxkzpk izfrfu/kh vlsy tks ojhy fu;ekuqlkj izkarh; fo/kheamgkr T;k i)rhus izkfkfed fuom.kwd i)rhus fuomyk tkbzy- ernkjla?kkps jktdkj.k% Lora= ernkjla?kkiklwu rs i{kcka/k.khi;zar% 1919 e/;s r#.k rmqnkj vkacsmdjkauk lkåfkcjks lferhus ikpkj.k dsys gksrs- lnjhy lferh dms ßekWUVQkWMZÞ ¼ekWUVX;w vkf.k pselqkwmz ;kap;k ukokus?kvuk nq:lrh lkbh r;kj dsysyh lferh½ us?kyowu fnysy;k pksdvhrp erkf/kdkjkph iquzo;k[;k dj.;kps dke lksifoys gksrs- ijarq T;kaP;k kh laidz dsyk xsyk v kk brj dks.kr;kgh nfyr usr;kaizek.ks MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauk ;k lquko.khfo k;h dkghp ns.ks uogrs dkj.k eaqcbz izkarkrwu dsog MkW- vkacsmdj gsp,dvs f kdysys inoh/kj vli` ; lektkrhy?kvd gksrs- R;kauh vkiy;k iq VîkFkZ Lif Vdj.k fnys dh] fganwae/;s [kjh QwV czkã.k o vczkã.k ;kap;ke/;s ikmyh xsyh ulwu [kjh QwV gh ßLi` ;Þ vkf.k ßvLi` ;Þ ;kap;ke/;s ikmyh xsyh vkgs- Eg.kwu R;kauh v kk izdkjp;k izknsf kd ernkjla?kkph O;oLFkk f>mdkjyh dkj.k vli` ; gs v kk ernkjla?kkr vyila[;kad Bjrhy vkf.k ifj.kker% vkiy;k izfrfu/khÿokp;k gddkaiklwu oafpr jkgrhy- ;koj mik; Eg.kwu R;kauh f kqkjl dsyh dh] 2P a g e

3 Either to reserve seats for those minorities that cannot, otherwise, secure personal representation or grant communal electorates. gs nksugh Ik;kZ; R;kosGh R;kauk ;Fkksfpr okvys e/;s MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmjkauh vkiyh la?kvuk ^cfg d`r fgrdkfj.kh lhks* rqsz lk;eu dfe ku leksj,d fuosnu lknj dsys- R;kauh Lora= ernkjla?kk,soth lkozf=d erkf/kdkj o jk[kho tkaxkapk vkxzg /kjyk- R;kauh iq.ks ;sfks lk;eu dfe kup;k izfrfu/kheamgkleksj Li V dsys dh] nfyrkauk lkozf=d erkf/kdkj ko;kps ulrhy rj] rs Lora= ernkjla?kklkbh la?k kz djrhy- ;ko:u gs fl) gksrs dh] MkWckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkap;k euke/;s vtwugh mpp tkrhafo k;h vk kk gksrh dh] rs jk Vªh; fgrklkbh lkekftd o jktdh; eq[; izokgke/;s jkgkosr Eg.kwu fganwp;k fojks/kkr dks.krhgh dbksj Hkwfedk?ks.;kph R;kaph ekufld r;kjh uogrh- ljrs ksovh lk;eu dfe kup;k vgokykr nfyr oxkzalkbh vkjf{kr tkxk ns.;kr vky;k- ijarq T;k dks.kk mesnokjkyk R;kr lghkkx?;ko;kpk vlsy R;kauh ifgy;k izfke vkiy;k vkiy;k izkarkp;k xksoguzjp;k lghus vkiyh {kerk nk[kowu fnyh ikfgts- ;kpkp MkW- vkacsmdjkauk jkx vkyk- dkghgh vlks] ijarq ns kkph eq[; jktdh; kdrh & d kxzsl &;ke/;s dksbsgh xqrysyh uogrh- R;keqGsp dh dk; ;k vgokykyk dkghp vfkz uogrk( rks togtog e`rizk;p imysyk gksrk- ;k dkamhrwu ckgsj im.;klkbh 1930 e/;s yamu ;sfks,d ifj kn cksyko.;kr vkyh( vkf.k uarj iqugk 1931 e/;s nqljh xksyest ifj kn >kyh- ijarq R;krwu dkghp fu ié >kys ukgh- iq.ks djkj vkf.k MWk- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdj% 24 livsacj 1932 e/;s?kmwu vkysy;k iq.ks djkjkeqgs HkkjrkP;k jktdh; bfrgklke/;s Økarh?kMwu vkyh vkf.k lelr ns kkrhy y[kko/kh nfyrkaps izkjc/kp t.kq dkgh cnywu xsys- iq.ks djkjkp;k Lok{kjhps l= tls lq: >kys rls cjsp ik.kh xaxsr okgwu xsys gksrs( ijarq nfyrkap;k ifjflfkrhr ek=,o<s dk;ns khj vkf.k?kvukred rjrwnh vlwu ns[khy dkghp Qjd imyk uogrk- vkt ns[khy Lokra«;kuarj lgk n kds myvwu xsyh rjh nfyrkap;k l kdrhdj.kkp;k xjtspk iz u t kkpk rlkp jkfgyk vkgs- Eg.kwup iq.ks djkjkp;k,sfrgkfld dkj.kkaps] R;kP;k?kVdkapk elwnk dks.kh r;kj dsyk R;kaps] djkj lk{kkafdr dj.kkú;k kdrh dks.kr;k gksr;k] nfyrkaoj djkjkpk >kysyk ifj.kke vkf.k R;kapk jktdh; lghkkx br;knh xks Vhaps fo ys k.k dj.ks vr;ko ;d vkgs] Eg.kwup ;sfks fofo/k Hkkx/kkjdkaP;k f Vdksukrwu iq.ks djkjkps?kvd vkf.k R;kuarjps R;kps ifj.kke letwu?ksåu R;kps fo ys k.k dj.;kpk iz;ru dsysyk vkgs- 3P a g e

4 ,d fu.kkz;d VIik% tkrh; fuokmk vkf.k iq.ks djkj% fnukad 16 vkwxlv 1932 jksth ewdmksukym ;kauh tkrh; fuokmk tkghj dsyk- Hkkjrh; ernkj lferhp;k fu d kkzoj vk/kkfjr yksffk;u lferhus fnysy;k fu d kkzizek.ks tkrh; fuokmókkuqlkj vyila[;kdkauk Lora= ernkjla?k o jk[kho tkxk ns.;kr vky;k( T;ke/;s nfyr o ekxklysy;k yksdkauk 78 tkxk jk[kho dj.;kr vky;k gksr;k- eqlyhekadfjrk vkf.k brj leqnk;kalkbh iqohzp;k tkrh; ernkjla?kkap;k foijhr] lnjhy fuokmókkuqlkj nfyrkauk lkeku; rlsp fo ks k ernkjla?kke/;s Eg.kts nksugh ernkjla?kkr ernku dj.;kpk vf/kdkj ns.;kr vkyk gksrk- rfkkfi] iqohz vyila[;kdkauk ns.;kr vkysy;k loyrhapk fopkj d:u ewdmksukymus fo/kku dsys dh% His Majesty s Government do not consider that these special Depressed Classes constituencies will be required for more than a limited time. They intend that the constitution shall provide that they shall come to an end after 20 years if they have not previously been abolished under the general powers of electoral revision. R;kosGh xka/khth iq.ks ;sfks ;sjomk rq#axke/;s lfou; dk;nshkaxkp;k pgoghrhy dkefxjheqgs ltk Hkksxr gksrs- R;kauh R;kaph vfr k; rhoz izfrfø;k fnyh o ^vej.k miks k.k* tkghj dsys- R;kauh ;k tkrh; fuokmókkp;k fojks/kkr nfyrkalkbh Lora= ernkjla?k fuekz.k dj.;kp;k izfø;sph rqyuk fganw /kekzpk uk k dj.;klkbhs okijysys batsd ku kh dsyh ts d kklkbhgh b V ukgh- rs Eg.kkys gksrs] The creation of separate electorates for the Depressed Classes is the injection of a poison that is calculated to destroy Hinduism and do no good whatever. cgqrka k brjkaps ns[khy vlsp er gksrs- MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauk ns[khy okvr gksrs dh nfyrkauk FkksMÓkkQkj izek.kke/;s tkxk fegrhy- jktk ;kap;k lkj[;k nfyr usr;kauh ek= nfyrkauk fganw izokgkiklwu osxgs dj.;klkbh fojks/k n kzfoyk gksrk- ifj.kker% ;k ckcrhr vfr k; osxkus udkjkred?kvukpøs fq: ykxyh- tkrh; fuokmókkcìy rhoz o O;kid ukilarh vkf.k xka/khthaps vej.k miks k.k] uo;kus gkså?kkrysyk iq.ks djkj br;knh?kvuk fnukad 24 livsacj 1932 Ik;Zar ;såu BsiY;k- ;k djkjkizek.ks fczvh k HkkjrkP;k izr;sd izkarke/;s,d eqlyhesrj ernkjla?k vkf.k dsaæh; fo/kheamgke/;s dkgh tkxk nså dsysy;k gksr;k- R;kp osgh] dkgh fof k V tkxk] izkarh; fo/kheamgklkbh,dw.k 148 tkxk vkf.k lkeku; ernkjla?kkrhy dkgh tkxk nfyrkalkbh jk[kho Bso.;kr vky;k gksr;k- dsaæh; fo/kheamgke/;s] 4P a g e

5 nfyrkalkbh vbjk VDds tkxk ko;kp;k gksr;k- izr;sd ernkjla?kkrwu ernkj lnl;kauh fegwu,d ßfuoM.kwd dkwyst ¼fuM.kwd lqdk.kw lferh½þ r;kj djkoh o R;krwu pkj mesnokj fuomkos- ;k djkjkuqlkj fu/kkzfjr vgzrkizkir nfyr lnl;kauk ß;ksX; izfrfu/khÿoþ ¼fair representation½ fegkos ;k dfjrk lkoztfud {ks=kae/;s ßgj,d iz;ruþ ¼every endeavour½ >kys ikfgtsr v kh f kqkjl dysyh gksrh- iq.ks djkjkfo k;h xka/khth o MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkaps n`f Vdksu% iq.ks djkjkp;k xrhfo/kh,o<ókk osxkus?kmy;k gksr;k dh],dk Hkkjrkrhy tkrho;olfkk ;k fo k;koj vh;kl dj.kkú;k,dk fo kf;kzus R;kps o.kzu dsys dh] Dr. Ambedkar s qualified victory over Gandhi and the Congress. tjh MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh lkeku; ernku jksy fnys gksrs rjh R;kauh nfyrkauk fo/kheamgkr fegkysy;k fof k V la[;sph [kk=h d:u?ksrysyh gksrh] ex rs R;k R;k oxkzrhy lnl;kauh ukekadu dsysys vlks fdaok rs Hkkjrh; izkarh; fdaok jk Vªh; fo/kheamgkr fuomwu vkysys lnl; vlksr- vkjf{kr tkxkaph la[;k gh fuokmókke/;s lqpfoysy;k la[ksis{kk eksbh gksrh- xka/khthauk vkf.k dk xzsl ;kauk dkgh i;kz; [kqys gksrs- tj R;kauh MkW- vkacsmdjkaph jk[kho tkxkaph vv eku; dsyh vlrh rj R;kauk fganw ernkjla?kke/;s vfr k; xahkhj ifj.kkekalkscr nqghpk /kksdk irdjkok ykxyk vlrk% iq.ks djkjkpk vfr k; egÿoiw.kz o b V ifj.kke Eg.kts] fganw /kekzrhy ßtkrhÞ o lektkrhy ekxklysys oxz ;ke/;s fo/kheamgkrhy izfrfu/khÿo o kkldh; uksdú;kap;k ckcrhr tkxk okvikap;k lanhkkzr jktdh; rmtksmhyk lq#okr >kyh- tjh iq.ks djkj gksåu lÿkj o ksz myvwu xsyh vkf.k vkt Hkkjrkr [kqi ifjorzu >kysys vlys rjh yksdlhkse/;s 543 isdh 81 tkxk fmizslm DyklslP;k vkgsr- gk ifj.kke Eg.kts iq.ks djkjkpkp izhkko EgaVyk ikfgts- iq.ks djkjkpk ifj.kke Eg.kwu vkysyh nqljh ckc Eg.kts fganw /kekzrhy tkrh o tkrhfojfgr lekt?kvd fdaok /kezcfg r tkrh ;kap;k ewyhkwr lel;k Li V >ky;k- xka/khtahauh vekuoh vli` ;rk u V dj.;klkbh jk Vªh; vk?kkmhoj eksfge lq: dsyh- iq.ks djkjkp;k vxnh lgk fnolkuarj] VkVk] fcykz lkj[;k eksbeksbókk m ksxirhap;k enrhus gfjtu lsod la?k lq: dsys rlsp R;kauh gfjtu ukokps lkirkfgd lq: dsys- ijarq fganw lektkph eksbh njh v kh vkgs dh] vkti;±r ns[khy vkj{k.k i)rhl fojks/k n kzfoyk tkrks] gsp xka/khth vkf.k MkW- vkacsmdj ;kap;krhy erhksnkps eez gksrs- fnukad 11 5P a g e

6 Qqczqokjh 1933 jksth gfjtukaps iz u ^gfjtu* ;k lkirkfgdkr Li V dsys xsys- xka/khth vkf.k MkWvkacsMdj ;kap;k gfjtukap;k iz ukacìy gfjtu e/;s fyghys xsys% ßThe serious gulf in Hindu society that continues until now along with the reservations system is evident in an exchange between Gandhi and Dr. Ambedkar in the February 11, 1933, issue of Harijan. Having asked Dr. Ambedkar for a greetings message for the inaugural issue of Harijan, Gandhi received a blunt reply: I feel I cannot give a message. For I believe it will be a most unwarranted presumption on my part to suppose that I have sufficient worth in the eyes of the Hindus which would make them treat any message from me with respect...i am therefore sending you the accompanying statement for publication in your Harijan.Þ ;kyk MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdj ;kauh ;kyk fnysys mrrj vls vkgs% ßThe Out-caste is a by-product of the Caste system. There will be outcastes as long as there are castes. Nothing can emancipate the Out-caste except the destruction of the Caste system. Nothing can help to save Hindus and ensure their survival in the coming struggle except the purging of the Hindu Faith of this odious and vicious dogma.þ ;kyk xka/khthauh izfrmÿkj nsrkuk lkafxrys% ßMkW- vkacsmdjkaps cksy dmos vkgsr- R;kauh rls okv.;klkbh dkj.kgh rlsp leizd vkgs-þ iq<s MkW- vkacsmdjkaoj fvii.kh djrkauk xka/khth Eg.krkr% ßexterior is as clean as that of the cleanest and proudest Brahmin. Of his interior, the world knows as little as that of any of us.þ uarj uezi.ks rs tkghj djrkr dh] gfjtu gs R;kps ^lkirkfgd* ukgh] rj rs vli` ; lektkps lsod vkgsr vkf.k MkW- vkacsmdjkauh gs letwu?ksrys ikfgts dh rs R;kauk brj fganw izek.ksp vkgsr- uarj xka/khth gs ;k izdj.kkp;k xhkkzi;±r xsys- xka/khthauh vli` ;rsp;k fojks/kkr vkiys erizn kzu lq: dsysrs Eg.kkys] ßAs to the burden of his message, the opinion he holds about the caste system is shared by many educated Hindus. I have not, however, been able to share that opinion. I do not believe the caste system, even as distinguished from Varnashram, to be an odious and vicious dogma. It has its limitations and its defects, but there is nothing sinful about it, as there is about untouchability, and, if it is a byproduct of the 6P a g e

7 caste system it is only in the same sense that an ugly growth is of a body, or weeds of a crop.þ Eg.kwu] xka/khthauh vli` ;rk fuokj.kklkbh la;qdr y<ókkl e;kznk vk.ky;k- R;kauh MkW- vkacsmdjkauk fuear=.k fnys dh R;kauh ân; o vkrek ;kauk lkscr?ksåu vli` ;rk fuokj.kklkbh,df=r la?k kz djkok- ijarq MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh dk;ns khj o?kvukred ekxkzuh la?k kz dj.ks tklr ilar dsys- R;akuk vkj{k.k O;oLFkk goh gksrh- xka/khth,d fganw ijaijkoknh ;k ukr;kus tkrho;olfkk o vli` ;rk u V d:u fganw /kekzyk LoPN dj.;kps vkokgu fganw yksdkauk djhr gksrs- R;kaP;k fy[kkuko:u gs lgt vksg[krk ;sbzy dh R;kaP;k ers ojhy dke lgt lk/; djrk ;s.;klkj[ks vkgs- Eg.kwu xka/khthauh R;kaps vli` ;rk fuokj.kkps dke gfjtu lsod la?kkp;k ek/;ekrwu Hkkjr Hkj lq: dsys- R;kaP;k dkekp;k izkekf.kdi.kk cìy kadk?ksrk ;s.kkj ukgh ijarq dkgh nfyr ek= ;k la?kvusdms Bksd kkghoknh fdaok f k V o vmhckt vly;kizek.ks okxrkr- vxnh lq:okrhyk xka/khth lapkyd eamgkoj nfyrkauk?ks.;kp;k fojks/kkr gksrs- rls gfjtu lkirkfgdkp;k dkgh lq:okrhp;k miøekap;k vgokyko:u tkrh;oknkpk dkghlk xa/k ;srks- mnkgj.kkfkz okfyed vp;qr eamgkps vk okld] tkyanj iatkc] ;kauh pksæh nksyrjke ;k,dk gfjtukp;k?kjh fganw yksdkaph o nfyrkaph csbd Hkjfoyh gksrh] rlsp eklrj kknhjke,d lqf kf{kr gfjtukus R;kP;k Hkkokyk LoPN jkgk.;kfo k;h] nk: u fi.;kfo k;h vkf.k brj okbzv lo;h iklwu nwj jkgk.;klkbh fouo.kh dsyh gksrh] Hkxr /kék ekg],d iatkckrhy fqjkstiwjpk izeq[k dk xzsl dk;zdrkz ;kus funku vkiy;k lÿksp;k v[r;kjhe/;s vliq ;rsph okbzv pky u V dj.;kph izfrkkp dsyh gksrh- 1- ifgy;k xksyest ifj knse/;s tsaogk MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh fczvh k ljdkjp;k nfyrkauk Lora= ernkjla?k ns.;kp;k fu.kz;kyk ikbhack n kzfoyk rsaogk xka/khthauh ;keqgs nfyrkauk [kqi osxgh kdrh fegsy Eg.kwu vfr k; iz[kj fojks/k n kzoyk- 2- MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh f kqkjl dsyh dh] ßEither to reserve seats for those minorities that cannot, otherwise, secure personal representation or grant communal electorates.þ gs nksugha i;kz; MkW- vkacsmdjkauk rso<sp egÿokps okvys- 7P a g e

8 3- iq.ks ;sfks lk;eu dfe kup;k izfrfu/kheamgkleksj MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauh Li V dsys dh]tj nfyrkauk lkozf=d erkpk gdd fnyk ukgh rj rs Lora= ernkjla?kklkbh la?k kz djrhy- 4- lk;eu dfe kup;k vgokyke/;s v[ksjhl nfyrkauk vkj{k.k fnys xsys] ijarq ts mesnokj R;ke/;s lghkkxh gksrhy R;kauk lozizfke R;kauk R;kaP;k izkarkrhy xksogzuj dmwu R;kaph {kerk lk{kkafdr d:u fl) djkoh ykxsy- ;k xks Vhpk MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsmdjkauk rhoz larki vkyk- 5- ewdmksukym ;kauh 16 vkwxlv 1932 jksth tkrh; fuokmk tkghj dsyk- Hkkjrh; Ýkafpl dfevh P;k fu d kkzoj vk/kkfjr fdaok yksffk;u dfevh P;k fu d kkzoj vk/kkfjr tkrh; fuokmókkuqlkj nfyr o vyila[;kdkauk Lora= ernkjla?k o jk[kho tkxk iznku dj.;kr vky;k- 6- lfou; dk;nshkaxkrh dk;zokgheqgs xka/khth R;kosGh iq.;kp;k ;sjomk dkjkx`gke/;s f k{kk Hkksxr gksrs] R;k fbdk.kh R;kauh vej.k miks k.k tkghj d:u vkiyh ojhy fu.kz;kyk rhoz ukilarh n kzfoyh- 7- fganw e/khy ekxkloxhz; tkrh o nfyrkae/;s,d izdkjpk jktdh; lyks[kk fdaok rmtksm gks.;kp;k f Vdksukrwu vkf.k fo/kheamgke/;s R;kauk ;ksx; izfrfu/khÿo rlsp kkldh; uksdú;k feg.;kp;k f Vdksukrwu iq.ks djkjkph Hkwfedk vfr k; egÿokph jkghyh vkgs- 8- xka/khth ;kap;k ers la;qdr la?k kz gk vli` ;rk u V dj.;kiqjrk e;kzfnr vkgs- rs Eg.krkr] ßJoint fight is restricted to the removal of untouchability, a fight into which he invited Dr. Ambedkar and those who think with him to throw themselves, heart and soul.þ gk fopkj O;kid vlyk rjh cksfkv okvrks- REFERENCES: 1. C.J. Fuller, 1992, The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India (Princeton: Princeton University Press), p C.J. Fuller, 1992, The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India (Princeton: Princeton University Press), p P a g e

9 3. Andre Beteille, 1996, Caste, Class and Power: Changing Patterns of Stratification in a Tanjore Village (Delhi: Oxford University Press), p V.A. Pai Panandiker, 1997, ed., The Politics of Backwardness: Reservation Policy in India (New Delhi: Konark Publishers Pvt. Ltd.), 5. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, < Accessed March 12, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, < Manchester Metropolitan University. Accessed December 28, S.R. Bakshi, 1976, Simon Commission and Indian Nationalism (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.) 6. R.W. Brock, ed. 1930, The Simon Report on India (An Abridgement) (London: J.M. Dent & Sons Limited) vi. 7. United States Office of Strategic Services, The Depressed Classes of India (Washington: Office of Strategic Services, 1943) p.31. (Originally classified). 8. Susan Bayly, 1999, Caste, Society and Politics in India (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 9. Dr. Ambedkar & Caste, Harijan, February 11, The Harijan Sevak Sangh s activities are outlined on its website: 9P a g e