PV systems reserach in Norway and Europe. Josefine Helene Selj Forsker Solavdelingen, IFE Førsteamanuensis, UiO

Transkript

1 PV systems reserach in Norway and Europe Josefine Helene Selj Forsker Soladelingen, IFE Førsteamanuensis, UiO

2 Still silicon

3 Still cheap

4 Still fast Research focus on incremental improements Innoations near market Eerything moes fast

5 Outline Trends in production of PV modules Trends in application of PV modules/systems Norwegian perspectie 1. BIPV 2. BAPV 3. Energy system integration (small scale) 4. PV plants 5. Floating PV Energi21 recommends growth and inestments in: digitalization and energy system integration - PV for an international market

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12 Application oriented Norwegian research Trends in application of PV modules/systems 1. BIPV 2. BAPV 3. Energy system integration (small scale) 4. PV plants 5. Floating PV Energi21 anbefaler en solid ekst og innsats innen følgende satsingsområder: Digitaliserte- og integrerte energisystemer Klimaennlige energiteknologier til maritim transport Solkraft for et internasjonalt marked Vannkraft som ryggraden i norsk energiforsyning Haind for et internasjonalt marked Klimaennlig og energieffekti industri inklusie CO -håndtering

13 1. Bulding integrated PV (BIPV)

14 Strand kirke Kiwi Fjellset Kiwi Auli Kiwi Dalgård International technology roadmap for PV, ITRPV Brynseng skole Solsmaragden Kilden barnehage Halden terminalen

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16 BIPV in Norway Norway is an interesting BIPV market BIPV must hae a function in the buildling (in addition to producuing electricity)

17 Why BIPV? Driers increased focus on renewable energy the green building moement in the construction sector Incenties for distributed production Benefits of building integration: 1. Production where it is used 2. Aailable space 3. Actie building elements -> potential cost saings

18 Hot topics and recent innoations within BIPV

19 2. Building adapted PV Why BAPV? Most buildings already exists Efficient on flat roofs

20 Horfor sol på bygg? Bygg er ansarlig for ca 40% a energiforbruket i Europa Direkte kobling mellom utslipp og fornybar produksjon Ingen transmisjons eller distribusjonstap Reduserte beho for inesteringer i transmisjons og distribusjonsnettet Økt pålitelighet? Billigere strøm? Skaper beissthet og optimisme? Konkret løsning, enkelt å bidra. Sol-moduler kan erstatte tradisjonelle bygningsmaterialer Forentet mer elektrifisering a transport og landbruk. Totalt el-forbruk er forentet å stige (fra 19% a erdens energiforbruk til 45%!)

21 Hot topics and recent innoations within BAPV Norwegian irradiation and climatic conditions Snow mitigation O&M Green roofs Mounting systems/installation issues Left: Green roofs (Zinco). Middle: The PV modules in the Innos system [3] after 30 minutes of forward bias, compared to unbiased modules. Right: IR-photography of forward biased, partly snow coered, modules

22 3. PV integration - Smart Control of renewable energy systems in buildings Increasing focus power instead of energy (kw instead of kwh) Batteries are getting cheaper and more attractie Near zero or zero emission buildings gie complex energy systems in buildings -> requires intelligent management systems The more intelligent control, the more cost efficient system: Rema

23 Smart Control of renewable energy systems in buildings FUSEN

24 Hot topics and recent innoations within PV integration? Energy system, modelling and control Implementation and practicalities (!) Machine learning Forecasting (production and load profiles) Demand response

25 Vannkraft + sol = superkombo + = Ha skjer his alle nye bygg i Skandinaia mot 2050 er nullutslippshus? Antagelser: Alle nye bygg har en passihus-standard med bygningsintegrert PV -> 50 % a bygningsmassen er nullhus i 2050 PV tilsarer 53 TWh (63 GW) i 2050 Skandinaia er elegnet til å håndtere mye PV pga. fleksibel kraftproduksjon og integrert nett Sel med dagens flaskehalser i nettet (kun 2,5 % PV curtailment) Seljom & Lindberg, ZEB in Scandinaia

26 4. PV plants, Technology and O&M

27 Why? Old school: How can I get the last 0.1% efficiency out of this cell in the lab? New school: How can I make this module produce better oer its lifetime in the field? Or How can I improe the LCOE of this PV plant Total installed capacity oer 400 GW more than half is utility scale Solar energy is really cheap many places hence O&M is becoming relatiely more important

28 Hotest topics within O&M Technology choices Tracking Soiling Monitoring Instrumentation Predictie maintenance

29 5. Floating PV (Floatooltaics)

30 What? Floating PV PV on floaters (of sorts) More than 1 GW installed capacity today Two companies dominates the market completely; Ciel & Terre and SunGrow

31 Why floating PV? Benefits Aailable area Greater efficiency? Less transmission losses? Hybridization with hydropower? Hybridization with offshore wind? Drawbacks New technology Uncertainty/Bankability Reliability Salt and corrosion? Microcracks? Enironmental consequences?

32 Hotest topics within floating PV Bankability! Reliability Cooling effect New floating technologies, new materials.. Module adaptions? Seeral small Norwegian start up companies + broad interest from Norwegian PV installers and operators

33 Thank you! Josefine Selj