Stereo, 24-Bit, 192 khz, Multibit DAC AD1853*

a FEATURES 5 V Stereo Audio DAC System Accepts 16-/18-/2-/24-Bit Data Supports 24 Bits and 192 khz Sample Rate Accepts a Wide Range of Sample Rates Including: 32 khz, 44.1 khz, 48 khz, 88.2 khz, 96 khz and 192 khz Multibit Sigma-Delta Modulator with Perfect Differential Linearity Restoration for Reduced Idle Tones and Noise Floor Data Directed Scrambling DAC Least Sensitive to Jitter Differential Output for Optimum Performance 12 db Signal to Noise (Not Muted) at 48 khz (A-Weighted Mono) 117 db Signal to Noise (Not Muted) at 48 khz (A-Weighted Stereo) 119 db Dynamic Range (Not Muted) at 48 khz Sample Rate (A-Weighted Mono) 116 db Dynamic Range (Not Muted) at 48 khz Sample Rate (A-Weighted Stereo) 17 db THD+N (Mono Application Circuit, See Figure 3) 14 db THD+N (Stereo) 115 db Stopband Attenuation (96 khz) On-Chip Clickless Volume Control Hardware and Software Controllable Clickless Mute Serial (SPI) Control for: Serial Mode, Number of Bits, Interpolation Factor, Volume, Mute, De-Emphasis, Reset Digital De-Emphasis Processing for 32, 44.1 and 48 khz Sample Rates Clock Auto-Divide Circuit Supports Five Master-Clock Frequencies Flexible Serial Data Port with Right-Justified, Left- Justified, I 2 S-Compatible and DSP Serial Port Modes 28-Lead SSOP Plastic Package Stereo, 24-Bit, 192 khz, Multibit DAC * FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM APPLICATIONS Hi End: DVD, CD, Home Theater Systems, Automotive Audio Systems, Sampling Musical Keyboards, Digital Mixing Consoles, Digital Audio Effects Processors PRODUCT OVERVIEW The is a complete high performance single-chip stereo digital audio playback system. It is comprised of a high performance digital interpolation filter, a multibit sigma-delta modulator, and a continuous-time current-out analog DAC section. Other features include an on-chip clickless stereo attenuator and mute capability, programmed through an SPIcompatible serial control port. The is fully compatible with all known DVD formats and supports 48 khz, 96 khz and 192 khz sample rates with up to 24 bits word lengths. It also provides the Redbook standard 5 µs/15 µs digital de-emphasis filters at sample rates of 32 khz, 44.1 khz and 48 khz. The has a very flexible serial data input port that allows for glueless interconnection to a variety of ADCs, DSP chips, AES/EBU receivers and sample rate converters. The can be configured in left-justified, I 2 S, right-justified, or DSP serial port compatible modes. The accepts serial audio data in MSB first, twos complement format. The operates from a single +5 V power supply. It is fabricated on a single monolithic integrated circuit and is housed in a 28-lead SSOP package for operation over the temperature range C to +7 C. INT2 INT4 CONTROL DATA VOLUME MUTE DIGITAL SUPPLY 3 2 CLOCK IN SERIAL CONTROL INTERFACE VOLTAGE REFERENCE AUTO-CLOCK DIVIDE CIRCUIT DIGITAL DATA SERIAL MODE 2 SERIAL DATA INTERFACE ATTEN/ MUTE ATTEN/ MUTE 8 F S INTERPOLATOR 8 F S INTERPOLATOR MULTIBIT SIGMA- DELTA MODULATOR MULTIBIT SIGMA- DELTA MODULATOR IDAC IDAC ANALOG OUTPUTS 2 2 ZERO FLAG *Patents Pending. RESET MUTE DE-EMPHASIS ANALOG SUPPLY Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 916, Norwood, MA 262-916, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-47 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-873 Analog Devices, Inc., 1999

SPECIFICATIONS TEST CONDITIONS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED Supply Voltages (AV DD, DV DD ) +5. V Ambient Temperature +25 C Input Clock 24.576 MHz (512 F S Mode) Input Signal 996.94 khz.5 db Full Scale Input Sample Rate 48 khz Measurement Bandwidth 2 Hz to 2 khz Word Width 2 Bits Input Voltage HI 3.5 V Input Voltage LO.8 V ANALOG PERFORMANCE (See Figures) Min Typ Max Units Resolution 24 Bits Signal-to-Noise Ratio (2 Hz to 2 khz) No Filter (Stereo) 114 db No Filter (Mono See Figure 3) 117 db With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo) 117 db With A-Weighted Filter (Mono See Figure 3) 12 db Dynamic Range (2 Hz to 2 khz, 6 db Input) No Filter (Stereo) 17.5 113 db No Filter (Mono See Figure 3) 116 db With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo) 11 116 db With A-Weighted Filter (Mono See Figure 3) 119 db Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (Stereo) 94 14 db.63 % Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (Mono See Figure 3) 17 db.45 % Analog Outputs Differential Output Range (±Full Scale w/1 ma into I REF ) 3. ma p-p Output Capacitance at Each Output Pin 3 pf Out-of-Band Energy (.5 F S to 75 khz) 9 db CMOUT 2.75 V DC Accuracy Gain Error ±3. % Interchannel Gain Mismatch.15.1 +.15 db Gain Drift 25 ppm/ C Interchannel Crosstalk (EIAJ Method) 125 db Interchannel Phase Deviation ±.1 Degrees Mute Attenuation 1 db De-Emphasis Gain Error ±.1 db NOTES Single-ended current output range: 1 ma ±.75 ma. Performance of right and left channels are identical (exclusive of the Interchannel Gain Mismatch and Interchannel Phase Deviation specifications). Specifications subject to change without notice. DIGITAL I/O (+25 C AV DD, DV DD = +5. V 1%) Min Typ Max Units Input Voltage HI (V IH ) 2.4 V Input Voltage LO (V IL ).8 V Input Leakage (I IH @ V IH = 3.5 V) 1 µa Input Leakage (I IL @ V IL =.8 V) 1 µa Input Capacitance 2 pf Output Voltage HI (V OH ) DV DD.5 DV DD.4 V Output Voltage LO (V OL ).2.5 V Specifications subject to change without notice. 2

POWER Min Typ Max Units Supplies Voltage, Analog and Digital 4.5 5 5.5 V Analog Current 12 15 ma Digital Current 28 33 ma Dissipation Operation Both Supplies 2 mw Operation Analog Supply 6 mw Operation Digital Supply 14 mw Power Supply Rejection Ratio 1 khz 3 mv p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins 77 db 2 khz 3 mv p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins 72 db Specifications subject to change without notice. TEMPERATURE RANGE Min Typ Max Units Specifications Guaranteed 25 C Functionality Guaranteed 7 C Storage 55 125 C Specifications subject to change without notice. DIGITAL FILTER CHARACTERISTICS Sample Rate (khz) Passband (khz) Stopband (khz) Stopband Attenuation (db) Passband Ripple (db) 44.1 DC 2 24.1 328.7 11 ±.2 48 DC 21.8 26.23 358.28 11 ±.2 96 DC 39.95 56.9 327.65 115 ±.5 192 DC 87.2 117 327.65 95 +/.4 (DC 21.8 khz) +/.5 (DC 65.4 khz) +/ 1.5 (DC 87.2 khz) Specifications subject to change without notice. GROUP DELAY Chip Mode Group Delay Calculation F S Group Delay Units INT8x Mode 5553/(128 F S ) 48 khz 93.8 µs INT4x Mode 561/(64 F S ) 96 khz 911.6 µs INT2x Mode 5659/(32 F S ) 192 khz 921 µs Specifications subject to change without notice. DIGITAL TIMING (Guaranteed Over C to +7 C, AV DD = DV DD = +5. V 1%) Min Units t DMP MCLK Period (With F MCLK = 256 F LRCLK )* 54 ns t DML MCLK LO Pulsewidth (All Modes).4 t DMP ns t DMH MCLK HI Pulsewidth (All Modes).4 t DMP ns t DBH BCLK HI Pulsewidth 2 ns t DBL BCLK LO Pulsewidth 2 ns t DBP BCLK Period 14 ns t DLS LRCLK Setup 2 ns t DLH LRCLK Hold (DSP Serial Port Mode Only) 5 ns t DDS Setup 5 ns t DDH Hold 1 ns t PDRP PD/RST LO Pulsewidth 5 ns *Higher MCLK frequencies are allowable when using the on-chip Master Clock Auto-Divide feature. Specifications subject to change without notice. 3

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Min Max Units DV DD to DGND.3 6 V AV DD to AGND.3 6 V Digital Inputs DGND.3 DV DD +.3 V Analog Outputs AGND.3 AV DD +.3 V AGND to DGND.3.3 V Reference Voltage (AV DD +.3)/2 Soldering +3 C 1 sec *Stresses greater than those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS Min Typ Max Units θ JA (Thermal Resistance [Junction-to-Ambient]) 19 C/W θ JC (Thermal Resistance [Junction-to-Case]) 39 C/W PIN CONFIGURATION DGND MCLK CLATCH CCLK CDATA INT4 INT2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOP VIEW 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 BCLK L/RCLK RST MUTE ZEROL ZEROR DEEMP 8 9 (Not to Scale) 21 2 IDPM IDPM1 IREF 1 AGND 11 OUTL+ 12 OUTL 13 FILTR 14 19 18 17 16 15 FILTB AVDD OUTR+ OUTR FCR ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Package Description Package Options JRS C to +7 C 28-Lead Shrink Small Outline RS-28 JRSRL C to +7 C 28-Lead Shrink Small Outline RS-28 on 13" Reels CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. WARNING! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE 4

PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Pin Input/Output Pin Name Description 1 I DGND Digital Ground. 2 I MCLK Master Clock Input. Connect to an external clock source. See Table II for allowable frequencies. 3 I CLATCH Latch input for control data. This input is rising-edge sensitive. 4 I CCLK Control clock input for control data. Control input data must be valid on the rising edge of CCLK. CCLK may be continuous or gated. 5 I CDATA Serial control input, MSB first, containing 16 bits of unsigned data. Used for specifying control information and channel-specific attenuation. 6 I INT4 Assert HI to select interpolation ratio of 4, for use with double-speed inputs (88 khz or 96 khz). Assert LO to select 8 interpolation ratio. 7 I INT2 Assert HI to select interpolation ratio of 2, for quad-speed inputs (176 khz or 192 khz). Assert LO to select 8 interpolation ratio. 8 O ZEROR Right Channel Zero Flag Output. This pin goes HI when Right Channel has no signal input for more than 124 LR Clock Cycles. 9 I DEEMP De-Emphasis. Digital de-emphasis is enabled when this input signal is HI. This is used to impose a 5 µs/15 µs response characteristic on the output audio spectrum at an assumed 44.1 khz sample rate. Curves for 32 khz and 48 khz sample rates may be selected via SPI control register. 1 I IREF Connection point for external bias resistor. Voltage held at V REF. 11 I AGND Analog Ground. 12 O OUTL+ Left Channel Positive line level analog output. 13 O OUTL Left Channel Negative line level analog output. 14 O FILTR Voltage Reference Filter Capacitor Connection. Bypass and decouple the voltage reference with parallel 1 µf and.1 µf capacitors to the AGND (Pin 11). 15 I FCR Filter cap return pin for cap connected to FILTB (Pin 19). 16 O OUTR Right Channel Negative line level analog output. 17 O OUTR+ Right Channel Positive line level analog output. 18 I AVDD Analog Power Supply. Connect to analog +5 V supply. 19 O FILTB Filter Capacitor connection, connect 1 µf capacitor to FCR (Pin 15). 2 I IDPM1 Input serial data port mode control one. With IDPM, defines one of four serial modes. 21 I IDPM Input serial data port mode control zero. With IDPM1, defines one of four serial modes. 22 O ZEROL Left Channel Zero Flag output. This pin goes HI when Left Channel has no signal input for more than 124 LR Clock Cycles. 23 I MUTE Mute. Assert HI to mute both stereo analog outputs. Deassert LO for normal operation. 24 I RST Reset. The is placed in a reset state when this pin is held LO. The is reset on the rising edge of this signal. The serial control port registers are reset to the default values. Connect HI for normal operation. 25 I L/RCLK Left/Right clock input for input data. Must run continuously. 26 I BCLK Bit clock input for input data. 27 I Serial input, MSB first, containing two channels of 16/18/2/24 bit twos-complement data. 28 I Digital Power Supply Connect to digital +5 V supply. 5

L/RCLK LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK LSB MSB MSB 2 LSB MSB 1 MSB 1 LSB+2 LSB+1 MSB 2 MSB LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB Figure 1. Right-Justified Mode L/RCLK LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK MSB MSB 2 MSB 1 MSB 1 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB 2 MSB LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB Figure 2. I 2 S-Justified Mode L/RCLK LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK MSB MSB 1 MSB 2 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 MSB 2 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 Figure 3. Left-Justified Mode L/RCLK LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK MSB MSB 1 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 Figure 4. Left-Justified DSP Mode L/RCLK LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK LSB MSB MSB 1 MSB 2 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 MSB 2 LSB+2 LSB+1 LSB MSB MSB 1 Figure 5. 32 F S Packed Mode 6

OPERATING FEATURES Serial Data Input Port The s flexible serial data input port accepts data in twos-complement, MSB-first format. The left channel data field always precedes the right channel data field. The serial mode is set by using either the external mode pins (IDPM Pin 21 and IDPM1 Pin 2) or the mode select bits (Bits 4 and 5) in the SPI control register. To control the serial mode using the external mode pins, the SPI mode select bits should be set to zero (default at power-up). To control the serial mode using the SPI mode select bits, the external mode control pins should be grounded. In all modes except for the right-justified mode, the serial port will accept an arbitrary number of bits up to a limit of 24 (extra bits will not cause an error, but they will be truncated internally). In the right-justified mode, control register Bits 8 and 9 are used to set the word length to 16, 2, or 24 bits. The default on power-up is 24-bit mode. When the SPI Control Port is not being used, the SPI pins (3, 4 and 5) should be tied LO. Serial Data Input Mode The uses two multiplexed input pins to control the mode configuration of the input data port mode. Table I. Serial Data Input Modes IDPM1 IDPM (Pin 2) (Pin 21) Serial Data Input Format Right Justified (24 Bits) Default 1 I 2 S-Compatible 1 Left Justified 1 1 DSP Figure 1 shows the right-justified mode. LRCLK is HI for the left channel, LO for the right channel. Data is valid on the rising edge of BCLK. In normal operation, there are 64-bit clocks per frame (or 32 per half-frame). When the SPI word length control bits (Bits 8 and 9 in the control register) are set to 24 bits (:), the serial port will begin to accept data starting at the 8th bit clock pulse after the L/RCLK transition. When the word length control bits are set to 2-bit mode, data is accepted starting at the 12th bit clock position. In 16-bit mode, data is accepted starting at the 16th-bit clock position. These delays are independent of the number of bit clocks per frame, and therefore other data formats are possible using the delay values described above. For detailed timing, see Figure 6. Figure 2 shows the I 2 S mode. L/RCLK is LO for the left channel, and HI for the right channel. Data is valid on the rising edge of BCLK. The MSB is left-justified to an L/RCLK transition but with a single BCLK period delay. The I 2 S mode can be used to accept any number of bits up to 24. Figure 3 shows the left-justified mode. L/RCLK is HI for the left channel, and LO for the right channel. Data is valid on the rising edge of BCLK. The MSB is left-justified to an L/RCLK transition, with no MSB delay. The left-justified mode can accept any word length up to 24 bits. Figure 4 shows the DSP serial port mode. L/RCLK must pulse HI for at least one bit clock period before the MSB of the left channel is valid, and L/RCLK must pulse HI again for at least one bit clock period before the MSB of the right channel is valid. Data is valid on the falling edge of BCLK. The DSP serial port mode can be used with any word length up to 24 bits. t DBH t DBP BCLK t DBL t DLS L/RCLK LEFT-JUSTIFIED MODE I 2 S-JUSTIFIED MODE t DDS MSB t DDH MSB-1 tdds MSB t DDH tdds tdds RIGHT-JUSTIFIED MODE 8-BIT CLOCKS (24-BIT DATA) 12-BIT CLOCKS (2-BIT DATA) 16-BIT CLOCKS (16-BIT DATA) MSB t DDH Figure 6. Serial Data Port Timing LSB t DDH 7

Table II. Nominal Input Internal Sigma-Delta Chip Mode Allowable Master Clock Frequencies Sample Rate Clock Rate INT8 Mode 256 F S, 384 F S, 512 F S, 768 F S, 124 F S 48 khz 128 F S INT4 Mode 128 F S, 192 F S, 256 F S, 384 F S, 512 F S 96 khz 64 F S INT2 Mode 64 F S, 96 F S, 128 F S, 192 F S, 256 F S 192 khz 32 F S In this mode, it is the responsibility of the DSP to ensure that the left data is transmitted with the first LRCLK pulse, and that synchronism is maintained from that point forward. Note that the is capable of a 32 F S BCLK frequency packed mode where the MSB is left-justified to an L/RCLK transition, and the LSB is right-justified to the opposite L/RCLK transition. L/RCLK is HI for the left channel, and LO for the right channel. Data is valid on the rising edge of BCLK. Packed mode can be used when the is programmed in rightjustified or left-justified mode. Packed mode is shown is Figure 5. Master Clock Auto-Divide Feature The has a circuit that autodetects the relationship between master clock and the incoming serial data, and internally sets the correct divide ratio to run the interpolator and modulator. The allowable frequencies for each mode are shown above. Serial Control Port The serial control port is SPI-compatible. SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is an industry standard serial port protocol. The write-only serial control port gives the user access to: select input mode, soft reset, soft de-emphasis, channel specific attenuation and mute (both channels at once). The SPI port is a 3-wire interface with serial data (CDATA), serial bit clock (CCLK), and data latch (CLATCH). The data is clocked into an internal shift register on the rising edge of CCLK. The serial data should change on the falling edge of CCLK and be stable on the rising edge of CCLK. The rising edge of CLATCH is used internally to latch the parallel data from the serial-to-parallel converter. This rising edge should be aligned with the falling edge of the last CCLK pulse in the 16-bit frame. The CCLK can run continuously between transactions. The serial control data is 16-bit MSB first, and is unsigned. Bits and 1 are used to select 1 of 3 registers (control, volume left, and volume right). The remaining 14 bits (bits 15:2) are used to carry the data for the selected register. If a volume register is selected, then the upper 14 bits are used to multiply the digital input signal by the control word, which is interpreted as an unsigned number (for example, 11111111111111 is db, and 1111111111111 is 6 db, etc.). The default volume control words on power-up are all 1s ( db). The control register only uses bits 11:2 to carry data; the upper bits (15:12) should always be written with zeroes, as several test modes are decoded from these upper bits. The control register defaults on power-up to 8 interpolation mode, 24-bit right-justified serial mode, unmuted, and no de-emphasis filter. The intent with these reset defaults is to enable applications without requiring the use of the serial control port. For those users that do not use the serial control port, it is still possible to mute the output by using the MUTE pin (Pin 23) signal. Note that the serial control port timing is asynchronous to the serial data port timing. Changes made to the attenuator level will be updated on the next edge of the LRCLK after CLATCH write pulse as shown in Figure 6. t CHD CDATA D15 D14 D t CCH CCLK t CLH t CCL t CSU t CLL CLATCH Figure 7. Serial Control Port Timing 8

Table III. Digital Timing Min Units t CCH CCLK HI Pulsewidth 4 ns t CCL CCLK LOW Pulsewidth 4 ns t CSU CDATA Setup Time 1 ns t CHD CDATA Hold Time 1 ns t CLL CLATCH LOW Pulsewidth 1 ns t CLH CLATCH HI Pulsewidth 1 ns SPI REGISTER DEFINITIONS The SPI port allows flexible control of many chip parameters. It is organized around three registers; a LEFT-CHANNEL VOLUME register, a RIGHT-CHANNEL VOLUME register and a CONTROL register. Each WRITE operation to the SPI control port requires 16 bits of serial data in MSB-first format. The bottom two bits are used to select one of three registers, and the top 14 bits are then written to that register. This allows a write to one of the three registers in a single 16-bit transaction. The SPI CCLK signal is used to clock in the data. The incoming data should change on the falling edge of this signal. At the end of the 16 CCLK periods, the CLATCH signal should rise to latch the data internally into the. Register Addresses The lowest two bits of the 16-bit input word are decoded as follows to set the register into which the upper 14 bits will be written. VOLUME LEFT and VOLUME RIGHT Registers A write operation to the left or right volume registers will activate the auto-ramp clickless volume control feature of the. This feature works as follows. The upper 1 bits of the volume control word will be incremented or decremented by 1 at a rate equal to the input sample rate. The bottom 4 bits are not fed into the auto-ramp circuit and thus take effect immediately. This arrangement gives a worst-case ramp time of about 124/F S for step changes of more than 6 db, which has been determined by listening tests to be optimal in terms of preventing the perception of a click sound on large volume changes. See Figure 8 for a graphical description of how the volume changes as a function of time. The 14-bit volume control word is used to multiply the signal, and therefore the control characteristic is linear, not db. A constant db/step characteristic can be obtained by using a lookup table in the microprocessor that is writing to the SPI port. Bit 1 Bit Register Volume Left 1 Volume Right 1 Control Register LEVEL db 6 VOLUME REQUEST REGISTER ACTUAL VOLUME REGISTER 6 2ms TIME Figure 8. Smooth Volume Control 9

Control Register The following table shows the functions of the control register. The control register is addressed by having a 1 in the bottom 2 bits of the 16-bit SPI word. The top 14 bits are then used for the control register. Bit 11 Bit 1 Bit 9:8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5:4 Bit 3:2 INT2 Mode INT4 Mode Number of Soft Reset. Soft Mute OR d Serial Mode OR d De-Emphasis Filter OR d with Pin. OR d with Pin. Bits in Right- Default = with Pin. with Mode Pins. Select. Default = Default = Justified Serial Default = IDPMI:IDPM : No Filter Mode. : Right-Justified :1 44.1 khz Filter : = 24 :1 I 2 S 1: 32 khz Filter :1 = 2 1: Left-Justified 1:1 48 khz Filter 1: = 16 1:1 DSP Mode Default =. Default = : Default = : Mute The offers two methods of muting the analog output. By asserting the MUTE (Pin 23) signal HI, both the left and right channel are muted. As an alternative, the user can assert the mute bit in the serial control register (Bit 6) HI. The has been designed to minimize pops and clicks when muting and unmuting the device by automatically ramping the gain up or down. When the device is unmuted, the volume returns to the value set in the volume register. Analog Attenuation The also offers the choice of using IREF (Pin 1) to attenuate by up to 5 db in the analog domain. This feature can be used as an analog volume control. It is also a convenient place to add a compressor/limiter gain control signal. Output Drive, Buffering and Loading The analog output stage is able to drive a 1 kω (in series with 2 nf) load. The analog outputs are usually ac coupled with a 1 µf capacitor. De-Emphasis The has a built-in de-emphasis filter that can be used to decode CDs that have been encoded with the standard Redbook 5 µs/15 µs emphasis response curve. Three curves are available; one each for 32 khz, 44.1 khz and 48 khz sampling rates. The external DEEMP pin (Pin 9) turns on the 44.1 khz de-emphasis filter. The other filters may be selected by writing to control Bits 2 and 3 in the control register. If the SPI port is used to control the de-emphasis filter, the external DEEMP pin should be tied LO. Control Signals The IDPM and IDPM1 control inputs are normally connected HI or LO to establish the operating state of the. They can be changed dynamically (and asynchronously to LRCLK and the master clock), but it is possible that a click or pop sound may result during the transition from one serial mode to another. If possible, the should be placed in mute before such a change is made. Figures 9 14 show the calculated frequency response of the digital interpolation filters. Figures 15 27 show the performance of the as measured by an Audio Precision System 2 Cascade. For the wideband plots, the noise floor shown in the plots is higher than the actual noise floor of the. This is caused by the higher noise floor of the High Bandwidth ADC used in the Audio Precision measurement system. The two-tone test shown in Figure 18 is per the SMPTE standard for measuring Intermodulation Distortion..1 db.8.6.4.2.2.4.6.8 ATTENUATION db 2 4 6 8 1 12 14.1 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 16 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 Figure 9. Passband Response 8 Mode, 48 khz Sample Rate Figure 1. Complete Response, 8 Mode, 48 khz Sample Rate 1

Typical Performance Characteristics.5.4.3.2 2 4.1 6 db db 8.1.2.3.4.5 1 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 Figure 11. 44 khz Passband Response 4 Mode, 96 khz Sample Rate 1 12 14 16 5 1 15 2 25 Figure 14. Complete Response, 4 Mode, 96 khz Sample Rate 3 2. 1.5 1..5 2 4 6 db db 8.5 1 1. 12 1.5 14 2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 12. 88 khz Passband Response 2 Mode, 192 khz Sample Rate 16 5 1 15 2 25 Figure 15. Complete Response, 2 Mode, 192 khz Sample Rate 5 6 1 2 7 8 9 1 db 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 1 1 1k 1k FREQUENCY Hz Figure 13. THD vs. Frequency Input @ 3 dbfs, SR 48 khz 9 1 11 12 1 8 6 4 2 dbfs Figure 16. THD + N Ratio vs. Amplitude Input 1 khz, SR 48 khz, 24-Bit 11

2 9 1 2 11 4 6 12 13 8 14 1 15 12 1 1 1k 1k FREQUENCY Hz Figure 17. Normal De-Emphasis Frequency Response Input @ 1 dbfs, SR 48 khz 16 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 22 Figure 2. Noise Floor for Zero Input, SR 48 khz, SNR 117 dbfs A-Weighted 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 22 Figure 18. SMPTE/DIN 4:1 IMD 6 Hz/7 khz @ dbfs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 22 Figure 21. Input dbfs @ 1 khz, BW 1 Hz to 22 khz, SR 48 khz, THD+N 14 dbfs 2 4 5 6 7 8 6 8 1 9 1 11 12 13 12 14 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 dbfs Figure 19. Linearity vs. Amplitude Input 2 Hz, SR 48 khz, 24-Bit Word 14 15 16 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 22 Figure 22. Dynamic Range for 1 khz @ 6 dbfs, 116 db, Triangular Dithered Input 12

6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1k 1k FREQUENCY Hz Figure 23. Power Supply Rejection vs. Frequency AV DD 5 V dc + 1 mv p-p ac 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5 55 6 65 7 75 8 Figure 26. Wideband Plot, 25 khz Input, 2 Interpolation, SR 192 khz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 2 4 6 8 1 Figure 24. Wideband Plot, 15 khz Input, 8 Interpolation, SR 48 khz 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5 55 6 65 7 75 8 Figure 27. Wideband Plot, 75 khz Input, 2 Interpolation, SR 192 khz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 2 4 6 8 1 Figure 25. Wideband Plot, 37 khz Input, 4 Interpolation, SR 96 khz 12 13

STEREO MODE OUTPUT FILTER HDR2 1 EXT I/F IN EXT EXT L/RCLK EXT SCLK EXT MCLK J1 1 R24 1 R12 1k C37 47pF R1 75 R25 1 R13 1k C35 47pF SPDIF/EXT R11 1k I/F SPDIF/EXT SELECT S2A 1 1 SPNIF IN TOSLINK IN C4 1nF OUT U1 TORX173 SHLD FB1 6Z R2 3.4k DGND SIGNAL SOURCE S1 C1 1nF C2 1nF 5mVp-p R4 1k R3 75 C24 47nF R26 1 R14 1k C36 47pF C5 1nF VA+ RXP FB2 6Z R27 1 R15 1k C34 47pF C6 1nF VD+ FSYNC SCK MCK U2 CS8414-CS RXN M M1 M2 M3 C U CBL VERF ERF C/E Ca/E1 Cb/E2 Cc/F FILT Cd/F1 Ce/F2 SEL CSI2/FCK AGND DGND EXT MCLK EXT SCLK EXT L/RCLK EXT F S 64F S 256F S VREF R19 1k S2B R17 1k 9 IDPM 2 CLK/I I1 I/O9 I2 I/O8 I3 I/O7 I4 I/O6 I5 I/O5 I6 I/O4 I7 I/O3 I8 I/O2 I9 I/O1 I1 I/O I11 S2C C11 1nF U4 PALCE22V1-J R23 274 Q1 2N2222 U3A 74HCD PREEMPH 1 2 3 DGND DS4 VERF R18 1k 8 IDPM1 3 MCLK CLATCH CCLK CDATA ZR ZL RST DGND HDR3 F N 1 2 44/48 96 1 192 1 NO 1 1 R6 R5 SAMPLE RATE MODE 1k 1k HDR3 U2 DATA SOURCE I 2 S SERIAL DATA MODE C9 1nF DEEMPH OFF MUTE OFF AVDD U5 JRS INT4 OUTR+ INT2 OUTR L/RCLK BCLK OUTL+ MCLK IDPM OUTL IDPM1 DEEMP FILTR MUTE CLATCH IREF CCLK CDATA FILTB ZEROR ZEROL RST FCR DGND FB3 6Z C8 1nF AGND AVDD 1 1 2 3 4 5 C26 1 F C56 1nF S2A S2B S2C S2D S2E ROUT+ ROUT LOUT+ LOUT V REF +2.7V + R28 2.67k AGND SET Ib = 1mA OFF DEEMPH R16 1k ON 7 S2D 4 NOTE: = DGND = AGND ON MUTE R1 1k OFF 6 S2E 5 EXT C I/F DEEMPH MUTE HDR1 1 CDATA CCLK CLATCH MCLK R7 1k R8 1k R9 1k ZL ZR U3D 74HCD 12 11 13 U3B 74HCD 4 6 5 C1 1nF U3C 74HCD 9 8 1 R22 274 R2 274 DS1 ZERO LEFT R21 274 DS3 DEEMPH #9817-2-3 REV. 1.1 DS2 ZERO RIGHT C12 1nF Figure 28. Digital Receiver, MUX and DAC 14

R48 4.12k OUTPUT BUFFERS AND LP FILTERS ROUT+ ROUT C57 22pF NP R52 42 C46 33pF, NP C52* NP C53* NP AV SS C23 1nF U6A OP275 C21 1nF +AV CC OP275 U6B C47 33pF, NP R33 R35 R34 C43 68pF NP C42 68pF NP R36 R29 2.94k R3 2.94k C38 22pF NP C39 22pF NP U8B OP275 R41 64 C5 2.2nF NP J2 1 RIGHT OUT R43 49.9k V REF +2.7V C7 1nF + C25 1 F R49 4.12k R5 4.12k GAUSSIAN FILTER RESPONSE 3dB CORNER FREQUENCY: 75kHz LOUT+ LOUT C58 22pF NP R53 42 *NOT POPULATED C48 33pF, NP C54* NP C55* NP AV EE C22 1nF U7A OP275 C2 1nF +AV CC OP275 U7B C49 33pF, NP R37 R39 R38 C45 68pF NP C44 68pF NP R4 R31 2.94k R32 2.94k C4 22pF NP AV SS C18 1nF U8A OP275 C19 1nF C41 +AV CC 22pF NP R42 64 C51 2.2nF NP J3 1 LEFT OUT R44 49.9k R51 4.12k C17 1nF S3 RESET RESET GENERATOR V CC U1 ADM77AR PFI RESET RESET MR PFO GND RST +15V dc CR2 1SMB15AT3 J7 V AGND J8 15V dc VOLTAGE REGULATORS AND SUPPLY FILTERING J6 C15 1nF FB4 6Z + C3 1 F U11 ADP333-5. IN OUT IN OUT ERR NR SD GND +5V REG C16 1nF C3 1nF + C32 1 F R47 332 + C31 1 F AGND + C33 1 F +AV CC AVDD DS5 POWER AV SS NOTE: = DGND = AGND +9V dc TO +15V dc J4 J5 V DGND CR3 1N41 CR1 1SMB15AT3 FB5 6Z C27 1 F + U9 LM317 V IN C13 1nF GND V OUT + C28 1 F R45 243 R46 715 +5V REG C14 1nF + C29 1 F DGND Figure 29. DAC Output LP Filter, Power and Reset 15

I/V CONVERTERS AND LP FILTER PIN 12 LOUT+ PIN 13 LOUT PIN 17 ROUT+ PIN 16 ROUT R9* 2.87k C6 68pF, NP U2 U3 C7 68pF, NP R11 1 AD797 AD797 R12 1 R4 R3 R5 GAUSSIAN FILTER RESPONSE 3dB CORNER FREQUENCY: 75kHz C4 68pF NP R1 2.94k C3 68pF R2 NP 2.94k R6 C1 22pF NP C2 22pF NP U1 AD797 R7 64 C5 2.2nF NP J1 1 OUT 6Vrms R8 49.9k C353a 8 4/99 V REF +2.78V C8 1nF + C15 1 F TANT R1* 2.87k NOTES: 1. R9, R1 MUST BE LOW NOISE TYPES. METAL FILM IS RECOMMENDED. 2. RIGHT CHANNEL DIGITAL DATA MUST BE INVERTED. J2 NOTE: = AGND +AV CC AV SS C1 1nF C9 1nF C12 1nF C11 1nF C14 1nF C13 1nF + C16 1 F TANT + C17 1 F TANT J3 +16.5V dc V AGND J4 16.5V dc Figure 3. Mono Application Circuit OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 28-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package (SSOP) (RS-28).47 (1.34).397 (1.8) 28 15.311 (7.9).31 (7.64).78 (1.98).68 (1.73) 1 PIN 1 14.212 (5.38).25 (5.21).7 (1.79).66 (1.67) PRINTED IN U.S.A..8 (.23).256 (.65).2 (.5) BSC.15 (.38).1 (.25) SEATING PLANE.9 (.229).5 (.127) 8.3 (.762).22 (.558) 16