.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..

Transkript

1 e/;izns'k ek/;lfke~ vf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1983.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.. AKAKAKAKAKAKAARARARARARARA e/izns'k vfhkfu;e ¼fnukad 7 vdvwcj 1983 dks jk"vªifr dh vuqefr izkir gqbz ( **e/;izns'k jkti=** ¼vlk/kj.k½ esa fnukad 12 vdvwcj 1983 dks izfkekokj izdkf'kr dh xbz ½mu fooknksa esa] ftudk,d i{kdkj jkt; ljdkj ;k jkt; ljdkj ds LokfeRokHkhu ;k fu;a=.kk/khu dksbz yksd miøe gsa] e/;lfkk djus gsrq,d vf/kdj.k dh LFkkiuk ds fy, vksj mlls vkuqoafxd ;k laldr fo"k;ksa ds fy, micu/k djus gsrq vf/kfu;e Hkkjr x.kjkt; ds pksarhlosa o"kz esa e/;izns'k fo/kku e.my }kjk fueufyf[kr :i esa ;g vf/kfu;fer gks %& v/;k; 1&izkjafHkd ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e dk laf{kir uke e/;izns'k ek/;lfke~ vf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e]1983 gs- ¼2½ bldk folrkj leiw.kz e/;izns'k ij gksxk ¼3½ ;g,slh rkjh[k dks izo`rr gksxk ftls jkt; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] fu;r djsa] ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e esa] tc rd lanhkz ls vu;fkk visf{kr u gks & d½ **ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e** ls vfhkizsr gs ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e] 1940 ¼1940 dk la- 10] [k½ **csp** ls vfhkizsr gs /kkjk 9 ds v/khu xfbr dh xbz vf/kdj.k dh csp x½ **v/;{k** ls vfhkizsr gs /kkjk 4 ds v/khu fu;qdr fd;k x;k v/;{k**?k½ **fookn** ls vfhkizsr gs 50]000 :i;s ;k mlls vf/kd ewy;kadu ds vfhkfuf'pr /ku ds nkos ls lacaf/kr dksbz fookn tks fdlh ladez lafonk ;k mlds Hkkx ds fu"iknu ;k vfu"iknu( ls mn~hkwr gksrk gsa**?k?k½ **U;kf;d lnl;** ls vfhkizsr gs /kkjk 4 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds [k.m ¼,d½ ;k ¼nks½ ds v/khu fofgr dh xbz vgzrk,sa j[kus okyk lnl;** M-½ **lnl; ls vfhkizsr gs /kkjk 4 ds v/khu fu;qdr fd;k x;k vf/kdj.k dk lnl; p½ **i{kdkj** ds vurxr mùkjkf/kdkjh] fu"iknd] iz'kkld] ;k lequnsf'krh vk,xk N½ **yksd miøe** ls vfhkizsr gs daiuh vf/kfu;e] 1956 ¼1956 dk la- 1½ dh /kkjk 617 ds vfkz ds vrxzr dksbz ljdkjh daiuh vksj mlds vurxzr gs dksbz fuxe ;k vu; dkuwuh fudk;] pkgs og fdlh Hkh uke ls tkuk tkrk gks] tks nksuksa esa ls izr;sd n'kk esa iw.kzr% ;k lkjr% jkt; ljdkj ds LokfeRok/khu ;k fu;a=.kk/khu gks]** t½ **vf/kdj.k** ls vfhkizsr gs /kkjk 3 ds v/khu xfbr ek/;lfke~ vf/kdj.k vksj] mlds vurxzr /kkjk 9 ds v/khu xfbr mldh csap vkrh gsa >½ **ladez lafonk** ds vfhkizsr gs fdlh Hkou ;k vf/kjpuk ¼lqij LVªDpj½] cka/k] ch;j] ugj] tyk'k;] rkykc] >hy] lm+d] dqvk] iqy] iqfy;k] dkj[kkuk] dez'kkyk] fctyh?kj] VkalQkjejksa vfkok jkt; ljdkj ;k yksd meøe ds,sls vu; ladeksz ds] tks jkt; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl fufer fofufnz"v djs] lfuuekz.k] ejeer ;k vuqj{k.k ls lacaf/kr fdlh ladez ds] mlds izdzeksa esa ls fdlh izøe ij fu"iknu ds fy;s dksbz fyf[kr djkj tks jkt; ljdkj }kjk ;k jkt; ljdkjds fdlh in/kkjh }kjk vfkok fdlh yksd miøe }kjk ;k,sls yksd miøe ds fy;s vksj mldh vksj ls mlds fdlh in/kkjh }kjk fd;k x;k gks vksj mlds vurxzr gs eky ;k lkexzh ds iznk; ds fy, dksbz djkj vksj mdr

2 ladeksz es ls fdlh ladez ds fu"iknu ls lacaf/kr lelr vu; fo"k;-** ¼2½ mu 'kcnks avksj vfhko;fdr;ksa ds] tks bl vf/kfu;e esa iz;qdr gqbz gsa] fdurq ikfjhkkf"kr ugha gs] vksj tks ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e esa ifjhkkf"kr gs os gh vfkz gksaxs A tks ek/lfke~ vf/kfu;e esa muds fy, fn, x, gsa & 3- vf/kdj.k dk xbu%& v/;k; 2 vf/kdj.k dk xbu jkt; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk],d ek/;lfke~ vf/kdj.k xfbr djsxh tks ladez lafonk ls lacaf/kr ;k fdlh,slh ladez lafonk ds fu"iknu] muekspu ;k rqf"v ls mn~hkwr gksus okys ;k mlls lec) lelr fooknksa ;k erhksanksa dk fujkdj.k djsxk 4- vf/kdj.k dk v/;{k vksj mlds lnl; rfkk mudh vgzrk,sa%& ¼1½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ vksj ¼3½ ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, jkt; ljdkj vf/kdj.k esa,d v/;{k vksj brus lnl; fu;qdr dj ldsaxh ftrus og vko';d le>s-¼1&d½ jkt; ljdkj] v/;{k ds ijke'kz ls] U;kf;d lnl;ksa esa ls,d lnl; dks mik/;{k ds :i esa inkfhkfgr dj ldsxh tks v/;{k ds in es mldh e`r;q] R;kxi=] NqV~Vh ;k vu; dkj.k ls gqbz fjdr dh n'kk esa],slh fjdr ds nksjku v/;{k ds d`r;ksa dk fuozgu djsxk** ¼2½ fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks vf/kdj.k ds v/;{k ds :i esa rc rd fu;qdr ugha fd;k tk,xk tc rd fd og mpp U;k;ky; dk U;k;k/kh'k u gks ;k u jg pqdk gks- ¼3½ dksbz Hkh O;fDr vfhkdj.k ds lnl; ds :i esa fu;qfdr ds fy;s rc rd vafgzr ugha gksxk tc rd fd&,d½ og de ls de lkb o"kz ls ftyk U;k;k/kh'k u gks ;k de ls de lkr Ok"kZ rd ftyk U;k;k/kh'k u jg pqdk gks ;k nks½ og dqy feykdj de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k ls jktklo vk;qdr u gks ;k dqy feykdj de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k rd jktlo vk;qdr u jg pqdk gks ;k jktlo vk;qdr dh injs.kh ds lerqy; dksbz in /kkj.k u dj pqdk gks ;k rhu½ og& d½ yksd fuekz.k] flapkbz ;k yksd LokLF; vfhk;kaf=dh fohkkx esa jkt; ljdkj dh lsok esa de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k ls eq[; vfhk;ark u gks ;k de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k rd eq[; vfhk;ark u jg pqdk gks ;k [k½ e/;izns'k fo qr e.my dh lsok esa de ls de ikap Ok"kZ dh dkykof/k ls eq[; vfhka;rk u gks ;k de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k rd eq[; vfhk;ark u jg pqdk gks ;k x½ egkys[kkdkj] e/;izns'k ds dk;kzdy esa de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k ls T;s"B mi&egkys[kkdkj u gks ;k de ls de ikap o"kz dh dkykof/k rd T;s"B mi egkys[kkdkj u jg pqdk gsa****ijurq [k.m ¼rhu½ dh n'kk esa] vlk/kkj.k ifjflfkfr;ksa esa ] jkt; ljdkj ikap o"kz dh fofgr U;wure dkykfof/k dks f'kffky djds rhu o"kz dj ldsxh **-

3 5- v/;{k vksj lnl;ksa dh inkof/k%& ¼1½ vf/kdj.k dk v/;{k vksj mlds lnl; iw.kzdkfyd osrfud vf/kdkjh gksaxs - ¼2½ v/;{k] ml rkjh[k ls] ftldks og viuk in xzg.k djrk gs] ikap o"kz dh vof/k ds fy, ;k ml le; rd ds fy,] tc rd fd og 67 Ok"kZ dh vk;q iwjh ugha dj ysrk gs] buesa ls tks Hkh iwozrj gks] ml gsfl;r esa in /kkj.k djsxk %ijurq v/;{k] vius mrrjorhz ds mlds in xzg.k djus rd ;k Ng ekl rd] buesa ls tks Hkh iozrj gks in /kkj.k fd, jgsxk- ¼2d½ lnl;] ml rkjh[k ls] ftldks fd og viuk in xzg.k djrk gs] ikap o"kz dh vof/k ds fy, ;k ml le; rd ds fy,] tc rd fd og islb o"kz dh vk;q iwjh ugha dj ysrk gsa] buesa ls tks iwozrj gks] ml gsfl;r esa in /kkj.k djsxk-** 6- v/;{k vksj lnl;ksa ds osru] HkÙks vksj mudh ifjyfc/k;ka%& v/;{k vksj lnl;ksa dks,slk osru] HkÙks vksj ifjyfc/k;ksa] ;fn dksbz gks] nh tk,axh tks fofgr dh tk,sa] vksj tc rd fu;e ugh cuk, tkrs gsa] rc rd mugs,slk osru] HkÙks vksj vu; ifjyfc/k;ka nh tk,axh tks jkt; ljdkj] fyf[kr vkns'k }kjk] vo/kkfjr djsa- + v/;k; 3& vf/kdj.k ds le{k dk;zokgh dk izkjahk rfkk vf/kdj.k dh izfø;k 7- vf/kdj.k dks funsz'k%& 1- vf/kdj.k dksbz funsz'k ml n'kk esa xzg.k ugha djsxk] tc rd fd& ¼d½ fookn igys ladez lafonk ds fuca/kuksa ds v/khu vafre izkf/kdkjh ds fofu'p; ds fy, funszf'kr ugh fd;k tkrk gs vksj ¼[k½ ;kfpdk] vafre izkf/kdkjh ds fofu'p; ds lalwfpr fd, tkus dh rkjh[k ls,d o"kz ds Hkhj vf/kdj.k dks ugha dh tkrh gs %ijurq ;fn vafre izkf/kdkjh mls funsz'k fd, tkus dh rkjh[k ls Ng ekl dh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj fookn dk fofu';p djus esa vlqy jgrk gs ogka ;kfpdk Ng ekal dh mdr dkykof/k dk volku gksus ls,d o"kz ds Hkhrj vf/kdj.k dks dh tk,xh**- ¼2½,slk funsz'k,sls izk:i esa rs;kj fd;k tk,xk tks fofgr fd;k tk, vksj mlds lefkzu esa,slk 'kifk i= fn;k tk,xk ftlesa izdfkuksa dk lr;kfir fd;k x;k gks- ¼3½funsZ'k ds lkfk,slh Qhl yh tk,xh tks fofgr dh tk, ¼4½ izr;sd funsz'k ds lkfk,slh nlrkostsa ;k,slk vu; lk{; fn;k tk,xk vksj vknsf'kdkvksa dh rkehy ;k fu"iknu ds fy,,slh vu; Qhl nh tk,xh tslk fofgr fd;k tk, ¼5½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu funzs'k izkir gksus ij] ;fn vf/kdj.k dk lek/kku gks tkrk gs fd og funsz'k U;k; fu.kz;u ds fy, mfpr ekeyk gs] rks og funsz'k dks xzg.k dj ldsxk fdurq tgka vf/kdj.k dk,slk lek/kku ugha gksrk gs ogka og mlds fy, dkj.k vfhkfyf[kr djus ds i'pkr~ funsz'k dks la{ksir% [kkfjt dj ldsxk**- 7&d- funsz'k ;kfpdk%& ¼1½ izr;sd funsz'k ;kfpdk esa og laiw.kz nkok lfeefyr gksxk tks i{kdkj funz'k ;kfpdk Qkby djus rd ladez lafonk ds ckjs esa djus dk gdnkj gs fdurq fdlh vu; ladez lafonk ls mn~hkwr gksus okys nkos,slh funsz'k ;kfpdk esa la;ksftr ugha fd, tk,axs-

4 ¼2½ tgka dksbz i{kdkj dksbz nkok ;k vius nkos ds fdlh Hkk dks funszf'kr djus dk yksi djrk gs ;k mldk lk'k; R;kx dj nsrk gsa] ogka og rri'pkr~,sls nkos ds Hkkx ds] ftudk bl izdkj yksi ;k R;kx dj fn;k gs] laca/k esa funsz'k djus ds fy, gdnkj ugha gksxk- ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼2½ esa vurfoz"v fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ladez lafonk ls lacaf/kr,sls fookn tks funsz'k ;kfpdk Qkby fd;s tkus ds i'pkr~ mn~hkwr gks] muds mn~hkwr gksus ij],slh 'krksz ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] xzg.k fd;s tk ldsaxs tks fofgr dh tk,a 7&[k- ifjlhek%& ¼1½ vf/kdj.k dksbz funsz'k ml n'kk esa xzg.k ugha djsxk& ¼d½ tcfd fdlh fookn ds laca/k esa ladez lafonk ds djkj ds fucazaa/kuksa ds v/khu dksbz fofu'p; djkj ds v/khu vafre izkf/kdkjh }kjk fd;k tk pqdk gks] ogka tc rd fd funsz'k ;kfpdk,sls fofuf'p; ds] ;fn dksbz dks] lalwfpr fd, tkus dh rkjh[k ls,d o"kz ds Hkhrj ugh dh tkrh gsaa ¼[k½ tcfd dksbz fookn djkj ds v/khu vafre izkf/kdkj dks funszf'kr fd;k x;k gs vksj,slk izkf/kdkjh mldk fofu'p; mls funsz'k fd;s tkus dh rkjh[k ls Ng ekl dh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj djus esa vlqy jgrk gs] ogka tc rd fd og funsz'k ;kfpdk mdr Ng ekl dh dkykof/k dk volku gks tkus dh rkjh[k ls,d o"kz Hkhrj ugha dh tkrh gsa- ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vurfoz"v fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka dksbz dk;zokgh bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjahk dh rkjh[k ds iwoz ;k,sls izkjahk ds i'pkr~ fdurq e/;izns'k ek/;lfke~ vf/kdj.k ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 1990 ds izkajhk gksus ds iwoz fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; ds le{k izkjehk gh ugh dh xbz gs] ogka funsz'k ;kfpdk e/;izns'k vf/kdj.k ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e 1990 ds izkjehk dh rkjh[k ls,d o"kz ds Hkhrj] bl rf; ds gksrs gq, Hkh xzg.k dh tk,xh fd djkj ds v/khu vafre izkf/kdkjh }kjk dksbz fofu'p; fd;k x;k gs ;k ugh-** ¼2&d½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa varfoz"v fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] vf/kdj.k dksbz funsz'k ;kfpdk ml n'kk esa xzg.k ugha djsxk] tc rd fd funsz'k ;kfpdk fookn mriuu gksus dh rkjh[k ls rhu o"kz ds Hkhrj ugha dh tkrh gsa **- 8- funsz'k izkir gksus ij izfø;k%& ¼1½tSls gh /kkjk 7 esa of.kzr dksbz funsz'k vf/kdj.k ds dk;kzy; esa izkir gksrk gs] mldh rfkk 'kifki= funsz'k izkir gksus ij vksj nlrkostksa dh lach{kk vf/kdj.k ds,sls mrrjnk;h in/kkjh }kjk dh tk,xh ftls v/;{k] lk/kkj.k izfø;k] ;k fo'ks"k vkns'k }kjk] ml fufeùk izkf/kd`r djsa- ¼2½ funsz'k dks] mlds O;ofLFkr ik;s tkus dh n'kk esa] ;k ;fn mlesa dksbz nks"k ;k deh ikbz tkrh gs rks mls nwj dj fn, tkus ds i'pkr~ jftlvhªd`r vksj Øekafdr fd;k tk,xk rfkk v/;{k ds le{k tk,xk- ¼3½ v/;{k] fookn dh izd`fr] vurxzzlr jde vksj vu; lqlaxr ckrks] ;fn dksbz gks] dk /;ku j[krs gq,] mls csap dks bl gsrq lksisxk fd og ml ij vf/kfu.kz; ns- ¼4½ og csap] ftldks dksbz funsz'k bl izdkj lksaik tkrk gs] gsrqd nf'kzr djus ds fy, mldh lwpuk&fojks/kh i{kdkj dks tkjh djok,xh- lwpuk,sls iz:i esa gksxh tks fofgr fd;k tk, vksj mlesa milatkfr ds fy, rkjh[k fofufnz"v dh tk,xh-**ijurq ;fn vf/kdj.k dk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gs fd funsz'k ds fy;s dksbz vk/kkj ugh gs rks bl mi/kkjk esa fd dksbz ckr mls funsz'k dks mu dkj.kksa ls] tks ys[k o) fd,s tk,sxsa] ekeys ds fdlh Hkh izøe ij] [kkfjt djus ls fuokfjr ugh djsaxh**a ¼5½ fojks/kh i{kdkj] lwpuk esa milatkfr ds fy, fofufnz"v dh xbz rkjh[k dks ;k mlds iwoz] fyf[kr mrrj] tks fojks/kh i{kdkj ;k mlds izkf/kd`r vfhkdrkz }kjk glrk{kj gksxk],sls 'kifki= ds lkfk Qkby dj ldsxk ftlesa mu izdfkuksa dks lr;kfir fd;k x;k gks tks mrrj es fd;s x;s gsa-

5 9- csapksa dk xbu vksj dk;z forj.k djus dh v/;{k dh 'kfdr %& ¼1½ v/;{k] dk;z ds lqfo/kkiw.kz laiknu ds fy,],d ;k vf/kd cspksa dk xbu dj ldsxk ftuesa nks ;k vf/kd bruh la[;k esa lnl; gksaxs] tslk fd og mfpr le>s %ijurq ;fn csap dh v/;{krk v/;{k Lo;a ugh dj jgk gks rks mlesa de ls de,d lnl; U;k;f;d lnl; gksxk %ijurq ;g vksj Hkh fd v/;{k] fdlh ekeys esa lk{; vfhkfyf[kr djus ds fy;s,d csp xfbr dj ldsxk ftlesa,d lnl; gksxk**- ¼2½ v/;{k] Lofoosdkuqlkj] cspksa ds chp dk;z dk forj.k dj ldsxk] vksj dksbz ekeyk,d csap ls izr;kgr djds mls fdlh nwljh csp dks lksi ldsxk- ¼3½ v/;{k fdlh csap dh lajpuk esa,slh ifjorzu dj ldsxk tslk fd og Bhd le>s- 10- vf/kdj.k vksj csapksa dh izfø;k ds fy, fofu;e%& vf/kdj.k] vius le{k ds ;k viuh csapksa ds le{k ds dk;z ds laiknu ds fy;s fofu;e cuk ldsxk- bl izdkj cuk;s x;s fofu;e jkti= esa izdkf'kr fd;s tk,axs vksj os jkti= esa muds izdkf'kr gksus dh rkjh[k dks ;k,slh vu; i'pkr~orhz rkjh[k dks] tks v/;{k }kjk bl fufer fofufnz"v dh tk,] izo`rr gksaxs- 11- vf/kdj.k ;k csap }kjk Lo;a dh izfø;k dk fofu;fer fd;k tkuk%& ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e esa vurfoz"v fdlh rrizfrdwy ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdurq fdugh,sls fofu;eksa ds] tks /kkjk 10 ds v/khu cuk;s tk,s] v/;/khu jgrs gq,] vf/kdj.k vius Lo;a dh izfø;k dk fofu;eu bl izdkj djsxk tslk fd og U;k;ksfpr vksj mfpr le>s] fdurq fdlh i{kdkj dks viuk izfrfuf/kro fdlh vf/kodrk ;k eku;r&izkir vfhkdrkz ls djkus ds mlds vf/kdkj ls oafpr ugh fd;k tk,xk- 12- lk{;] 'kifki= vkfn ds izdvhdj.k vksj is'k fd;s tkus dh ckor~ vf/kdj.k ;k csap dh 'kfdr%& ¼1½ fueufyf[kr ckrksa ds ckjs esa vf/kdj.k dks] bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuksa ds fy,] os gh 'kfdr;ka gksxh tks flfofy lafgrk] 1908 ¼1908 dk la[;k 5½ ds v/khu okn dk fopkj.k djrs le; U;k;ky; esa fufgr gksrh gsa vfkkzr~%& ¼d½ izdvhdj.k vksj fujh{k.k ¼[k½ fdlh O;fDr dks gkftj djkuk vksj 'kifk ij mldh ijh{kk djuk ¼x½ tgka fdlh fook iz'u ij fo'ks"kk dh jk; Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 ¼1872 dk la- 1½ ds micu/kksa ds v/khu lqlaxr gks] ogka fo'ks"kk dh ijh{kk djuk ;k funsz'k ds i{kdkjksa esa ls fdlh i{kdkj dks mldh ijh{kk djus ds fy;s vuqkkr djuk ¼?k½ lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 ¼1872 dk la- 1½ dh /kkjk 123 rfkk 124 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] ys[kk cfg;ka rfkk nlrkostksa is'k djus ds fy, ck/; djuk-** ¼M½ deh'ku fudkyuk ¼p½ i{kdkj ds ;k fdlh lk{kh ds 'kifki= }kjk rf;ksa dk lcwr eaxkuk vksj ;g vkns'k djuk fd,slk 'kifki=,slh 'krksz ij ftugs vf/kdj.k ;k lacaf/kr csap Bhd le>s] lquokbz esa i<k tk ldsxk- 13-CkSBd dk LFkku %& vf/kdj.k] vius le{k ds dk;z dk laiknu djus ds fy;s] lkeku;r% viuh csbds Hkksiky esa djsxk vksj tc dhkh vko';d ;k lqof/kktud le>k tk;] lquokbz ds fy;s ;k LFky fujh{k.k ds fy;s viuh csbds jkt; ds Hkhrj fdlh,sls vu; LFkku ij Hkh dj ldsxk tslk fd v/;{k

6 vuqkkr djs- 14-dk;Zokfg;ksa vksj vf/kfu.kz; dks dfri; ifjflfkfr;ksa esa pquksrh ugha nh tk,xh%& v/;{k ;k lnl; dh fu;qfdr esa dksbz,slh =qfv gksus ds dkj.k vfkok vf/kdj.k ;k mldh fdlh csap ds le{k fdugh sdk;zokfg;ksa esa dksbz,slh vfu;ferrk gksus ds dkj.k] tks ekeys ds xq.kkxq.k ij ;k vf/kdj.k dh vurfuzfgr vf/kdkfjrk ij izhkko u Mkyrh gks] vf/kdj.k ds le{k dh dksbz Hkh dk;zokfg;ka vfof/keku; ugha gks tk,xh vksj fdlh Hkh vf/kfu.kz; dks iz'uxr ugha fd;k tk,xk- 15-dfri; ifjflfkfr;ksa es dk;zokfg;ksa dk pkyw jguk%& ¼1½ vf/kdj.k ds le{k yafcr fdlh ekeys esa] og bl ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh dk;z dj ldsxk fd v/;{k ;k dksbz lnl; vuqiflfkr gs ;k v/;{k ;k fdlh lnl; ds in esa dksbz fjdr gsa % ¼2½ tgka fdlh dk;zokgh ds nksjku] vf/kdj.k ds xbu es dksbz ifjorzu fdlh fjfdr ds Hkj fn;s tkus ds dkj.k ;k fdlh vu; dkj.k ls gks x;k gks] ogka ;g vko';d ugha gksxk fd dk;zokfg;ksa dks u;s fljs ls izkajhk fd;k tk; vksj mu dk;zokfg;ksa dks mlh izøe ls pkys j[kk tk ldsxk ftl izøe ij ifjorzu gqvk gks] vksj vf/kdj.k ds fy, ;g fof/k iw.kz gksxk fd og ml lk{;] mu 'kifki=ksa rfkk,slh vu; lkexzh ds vk/kkj ij dk;zokgh djs tks xbu esa ;Fkk iwokszdr ifjorzu gksus ds iwoz mlds le{k j[kh tk pqdh gs- 16- vf/kfu.kz;%& v/;k; 4&vf/kdj.k ;k mldh cspksa ds vf/kfu.kz; vksj vkns'k ¼1½ vf/kdj.k] lk{; dk vfhkys[ku] ;fn vko';d gks] djus ds i'pkr~] vksj vfhkys[k ij dh lkexzh dk ifj'khyu djus rfkk i{kdkjksa dks vius&vius rd izlrqr djus dk volj nsus ds i'pkr~ vf/kfu.kz; nsxk %**ijurq ;g vksj Hkh fd vf/kdj.k] ftlds varxzr varfje vf/kfu.kz; Hkh gs] ds fy, la{ksi esa dkj.k nsxk** ¼2½ vf/kdj.k] fojks/kh i{kdkj ij funsz'k dh lwpuk dh rkehy gksus ds rkjh[k ls ;FkklaHko pkj ekl ds Hkhrj viuk vf/kfu.kz; nsxk- ¼3½ vf/kdj.k [kpzs rfkk C;kt,slh nj ls vf/kfu.khzr dj ldsxk tks mls ;qfdr;qdr izrhr gks- ¼4½ vf/kfu.kz; lnl;ksa dh cgqla[;k dh jk; ds vuqlkj gksxk- ;fn csp ds lnl;ksa ds chp fdlh iz'u ij erhksn gks] rks og iz'u] ;fn cgqer gks] lnl;ksa dh cgqla[;k dh jk; ds vuqlkj fofuf'pr fd;k tk,xk] fdurq ;fn lnl;x.k cjkcj&cjkcj cavs gq, gksa] rks og iz'u ;k os iz'u] ftu ij muesa erhksn gks] ;FkkfLFkfr vf/kdj.k ds,d ;k vf/kd vu; lnl;ksa }kjk ;k Lo;a v/;{k }kjk,sls iz'u ;k iz'uksa ij lquokbz fd;s tkus ds fy, ekeys ds funsz'k ds fy, dffkr fd;s tk,axs] vksj rc,slk iz'u ;k,sls iz'u vf/kdj.k ds mu lnl;ksa dh ftugksaus bl ekeys dks lquk gsa] ftuds vurxzr os lnl; Hkh gsa ftugksaus igys mldh lquokbz dh gs] cgqla[;k dh jk; ds vuqlkj fofuf'pr fd;s tk,axs-** ¼5½ eatwj fd;k x;k vuqrks"k] og i{kdkj] ftlds i{k esa rfkk ftlds fo:) vuqrks"k eatwj fd;k x;k gs vksj og O;fDr] ftlds }kjk rfkk ftlds i{k esa [kpsz rfkk C;kt] ;fn dksbz] lansg gs] vf/kfu.kz; esa Li"V :i ls of.kzr fd;s tk,axs- ¼6½ vf/kfu.kz; dh izfr;ka] tks vf/kdj.k ds fdlh,sls vf/kdkjh ds] ftls v/;{k }kjk ml fufeùk izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k gks] glrk{kj ls rfkk mldh eqnzk yxkdj izekf.kr dh xbz gksa] lhkh i{kdkjksa dks nh tk,axh- 17- vf/kfu.kz; dh vafrerk%&

7 ek/;lfke~ ls lacaf/kr fdlh fof/k esa vurfoz"v fdlh rrizsfrdwy ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh fdurq /kkjk 19 ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] vf/kdj.k }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fn;k x;k vf/kfu.kz;] ftlds vurxzr **vurfje** vf/kfu.kz; Hkh vkrk gs] vafre rfkk mlds i{kdkjksa ij vkc)dj gksxk- 17&d vurfufgzr 'kfdr;ka%& bl vf/kfu;e esa dh fdlh ckr ds ckjs esa ;g ugha le>k tk,xk fd og,sls vkns'k djus vf/kdj.k dh vurfuzfgr 'kfdr;ksa dks ifjlhfer ;k vu;fkk izhkkfor djrh gs tks U;k; m)s';ksa dh iwfrz ds fy, ;k vf/kdj.k dh vknsf'kdk ds nq:i;ksx dk fuokj.k djus ds fy, vko';d gsa %ijurq vf/kfu.kz; ds iwoz C;kns'k jksd ;k dqdhz ds RkkSj ij dksbz vurfje vkns'k ugha fd;k tk,xk %ijurq ;g vksj Hkh fd vf/kdj.k dks vf/kfu.kz; dk] ftlds vurxzr vurfje vf/kfu.kz; Hkh gs] iqufozykse djus dh dksbz 'kfdr ugha gksxh- 17&[k- ys[ku ;k xf.kr lacaf/k Hkwyksa dk lq/kkj%& vf/kfu.kz;ksa] varfje vf/kfu;eksa ;k vkns'kksa esa dh ys[ku ;k xf.kr laca/kh fdugh Hkwyksa] fdlh vkdfled pwd ;k yksi ds dkj.k muesa gqbz fdugh =qfv;ksa dks vf/kdj.k }kjk] fdlh le;] ;k rks Loizsj.kk ls ;k lacaf/kr i{kdkjksa esa ls fdlh Hkh i{kdkj ds vkosnu ij lq/kkjk tk ldsxk-** 18- vf/kfu.kz; ftyk U;k;ky; dh fmøh dk cy j[ksxk%& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu iqujh{k.k esa] ;fn dksbz gks] fd;s x;s fdlh vkns'k }kjk ;Fkk iqf"vd`r] fo[kafmr ;k QsjQkfjr fdlh vf/kfu.kz; dks] ftlds vurxzr vurfje vf/kfu.kz; Hkh vkrk gs] flfoy izfø; lafgrk] 1908 ¼1908 dk la- 5½ dh /kkjk 2 ds vfkz ds varxzr vkjfehkd vf/kdkfjrk okys ml iz/kku flfoy U;k;ky; dh fmøh le>k tk,xk ftldh LFkkuh; lhekvksa ds Hkhrj og vf/kfu.kz; ;k vurfje vf/kfu;e fd;k x;k gs] vksj og rnuqlkj fu"iknuh; gksxk- 19- mpp U;k;ky; dh iqujh{k.k dh 'kfdr& v/;k; 5 & mpp U;k;ky; dh iqujh{k.k dh 'kfdr- ¼1½ mpp U;k;ky; Loizsj.kk ls fdlh Hkh le;] ;k vf/kfu.kz; ds rhu ekl ds Hkhrj fdlh O;fFkr i{kdkj }kjk mls fd;s x;s vkosnu ij] fdlh,sls ekeys dk] ftlesa bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vf/kfu.kz; fd;k x;k gsa] vfhkys[k vf/kdj.k dks v/;is{kk tkjh djds eaxok ldsxk] vksj,slh v/;is{kk izkir gksus ij] vf/kdj.k ml U;k;ky; dks lacaf/kr vf/kfu.kz; vksj mldk vfhkys[k Hkstsxk ;k fhktok,xk- ¼2½ ;fn mpp U;k;ky; dks ;g izrhr gksrk gs fd vf/kdj.k esa& ¼d½,slh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx fd;k gs tks fof/k ds vuqlkj mlesa fufgr ugha gs( ;k ¼[k½ bl izdkj fufgr vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx djus esa pwd dh gs( ;k ¼x½ viuh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vos/k :i ls ;k rkfrod vfu;ferrk ls dk;z fd;k gs( ;k ¼?k½ Lo;a vopkj fd;k gs ;k dk;zokfg;ka dk dqlapkyu fd;k( ;k ¼M-½,slk vf/kfu.kz; fn;k gs tks vfof/keku; gs ;k ;g fd og vf/kfu.kz; dk;zokfg;ksa ds fdlh i{kdkj }kjk vuqfpr :i ls mikir fd;k x;k gs]rks mpp U;k;ky; ml ekeys esa,slk vkns'k dj ldsxk tslk fd og Bhd le>s-

8 ¼3½ mpp U;k;ky;] bl /kkjk ds v/khu fdlh iqujh{k.k dks fofuf'pr djus esa] ;Fkk'kD; mugha 'kfdr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxk vksj mlh izfø;k dk vuqlj.k djsxk ftudk iz;ksx vksj ftldk vuqlj.k og flfoy izfø;k lafgrk] 1908 ¼1908 dk la- 5½ dh /kkjk 115 ds v/khu fdlh iqujh{k.k dks fofuf'pr djus es djrk gsa-¼4½ mpp U;k;ky;] iqujh{k.k esa fd;s x;s vius vkns'k dh,d izfr izekf.kr djds vf/kdj.k dks fhktok,xk- Li"Vhdj.k&bl /kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s] vf/kfu.kz; ds vurxzr vurfje vf/kfu.kz; vk,xk- + v/;k; 6&izdh.kZ 20- flfoy U;k;ky; dh vf/kdkfjrk dk otzu%& ¼1½ vf/kdj.k ds xbu dh rkjh[k ls] vksj ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e] 1940 ¼1940 dk la- 10½ ;k flfofy U;k;ky; dks rrle; izo`rr fdlh vu; fof/k esa ;k fdlh izdkj djkj ;k izfkk esa fdlh rrizfrdwy ckr ds vurfoz"v gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh Hkh vf/kdkfjrk dk otzu] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vf/kdj.k }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gsa **¼1&d½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa vurfoz"v fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] flfoy U;k;ky;] mdr mi/kkjk fofufnz"v izd`fr ds fdlh fookn dks] tks fdlh O;fDr }kjk fu/kzu O;fDr dh gsfl;r esa fufnz"v fd;k tk,] xzg.k vksj fofuf'pr dj ldsxk- Li"Vhdj.k%& bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy, **fu/kzu O;fDr** dk ogh vfkz gksxk tks flfoy izfø;k lafgrk 1908 ¼1908 dk la- 5½ esa mlds fy, fn;k x;k gsaa**¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa dh dksbz Hkh ckr fdugh,slh ek/;lfke~ dk;zokfg;ksa dks ykxw ugha gksxh tk ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e ds ;k ek/;lfke~ ls lacaf/kr fdlh vu; fof/k ds micu/kksa ds v/khu fdlh e/;lfk ;k vf/kfu.kkz;d ds Lke{k ;k fdlh U;k;ky; ;k izkf/kdkjh ds le{k yafcr gks] vksj,slh dk;zokfg;ksa dks djkj ;k izfkk ;k ek/;lfke~ vf/kfu;e ds ;k ek/;lfke~ ls lacaf/kr fdlh vu; fof/k ds micu/kksa ds vuqlkj muds lhkh izøeksa ij bl izdkj pkyw j[kk tk ldsxk] lquk tk ldsxk vksj fofuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxk ekuks ;g vf/kfu;e izo`rr gh u gqvk gksa- 21- vf/kdj.k esa vf/kdkjh vksj lsod%& ¼1½ v/;{k] jkt; ljdkj ds iwoz vuqeksnu ls] vf/kdkfj;ksa vksj lsodksa ds brus in l`ftr dj ldsxk ftrus fd vko';d gks] vksj vf/kdj.k ds iz'kklfud ;k vu; dk;z ds fy;s vf/kdkfj;ksa vksj lsodksa dh fu;qfdr dj ldsxkaijurq r`rh; oxz vksj prqfkz oxz dh Jsf.k;ksa ds vuqlfpoh; inksa ls fhkuu inksa ij v/;{k }kjk fu;qfdr;ka ¼,d½ jkt; ljdkj dk iwoz vuqeksnu vfhkizkir fd, fcuk] vksj ¼nks½ jkt; ljdkj }kjk bl fo"k;k ij le; ij tkjh fd, x, lk/kkj.k vuqns'kksa dk vuqlj.k fd, fcuk] ugh dh tk,xh ** ¼2½vf/kdj.k ds vf/kdkfj;ksa vksj lsodksa ds osru vksj HkÙks rfkk lsok dh vu; 'krsz,slh gksxh tslh fd fofgr dh tk,s] vksj tc rd fu;e ugha cuk;s tkrs gsa] os,slh gksxh tslh fd v/;{k }kjk] jkt; ljdkj ds iwoz vuqeksnu ls] vo/kkfjr dh tk,a- 22- v/;{k] lnl; vkfn yksd lsod gksaxs%& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ;k bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds v/khu iznr 'kfdr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij fu;qdrh fd, x, v/;{k] izr;sd lnl;] vf/kdkjh vksj lsod dks Hkkjrh; n.m lafgrk] 1860

9 ¼1860 dk la- 45½ dh /kkjk 21 ds vfkz ds vurxzr yksd lsod le>k tk,xk- 23- ln~hkkoiwozd dh xbz dk;zokgh dk laj{k.k%& bl vf/kfu;e }kjk vu;fkk micaf/kr ds flok;]s bl vf/kfu;e ds vuqlj.k esa ln~hkkoiwozd dh xbz ln~hkkoiwozd dh ;k dh tkus ls ln~hkkoiwozd NksM nh xbz fdlh ckr ds fy;s ;k ;FkkiwoksZDr dh xbz ;k dh tkus ds fy,s vk'kf;r fdlh xbz dkjzokbz dk vf/kdkjh ;k lsod ds fo:) dksbz Hkh okn ;k vu; dk;zokgh ugh gksxh- 24- U;k; iz'kklu dks izhkkfor djus okys vijk/k ds fo"k; esa vf/kdj.k dh vf/kdkfjrk vksj 'kfdr;ka vkfn%& ¼1½ U;k; iz'kklu ij izhkko Mkyus okys fdlh vijk/k ds] tgka rd fd og,sls funsz'k ;k fof/kd dk;zokgh ls lec) gs] iz;kstuksa ds fy;s] vf/kdj.k dks vius le{k ds fdlh funsz'k ;k fof/kd dk;zokgh ds laca/k esa flfoy U;k;ky; le>k tk,xk vksj mlds le{k ds fdlh funsz'k ;k fof/kd dk;zokgh dks U;kf;d dk;zokgh le>k tk,xk- ¼2½ vf/kdj.k dks n.m izfø;k lafgrk] 1973 ¼1974 dk la- 2½ dh /kkjk 340] 342] 344] 345] 346] 348] 349] vksj 350 ds v/khu,slh vf/kdkfjrk gksxh vksj og mu /kkjkvksa ds v/khu dh 'kfdr;ka esa ls,slh 'kfdr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj ldsxk ftudk iz;ksx djuk ;g Lofoosdkuqlkj vko';d ;k lehphu le>s- 25- izr;k;ksftr djus dh 'kfdr%& v/;{k] fyf[kr vkns'k }kjk vksj,sls fuczu/kuksa rfkk 'krksz ds] ;fn dksbz gks] ftugsa og ml vkns'k esa fofufnz"v djs] v/;/khu ;g funs'k ns ldsxk fd & 26- eqnzk%& ¼,d½ vf/kdj.k ds vf/kdkfj;ksa vksj lsodksa dh fu;qfdr ls lacaf/kr ¼nks½ vf/kdj.k ds iz'kklfud ekeyksa ls lacaf/kr ( vksj ¼rhu½ foùkh; ekeyksa ls lacaf/kr fdlh 'kfdr dk] ftldk iz;ksx bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds vuqlj.k esa v/;{k }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gs] **iz;ksx vf/kdj.k ds mik/;{k }kjk vksj@;k,d ;k vf/kd lnl;ksa }kjk ;k,d ;k vf/kd vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk Hkh fd;k tk ldsxk- vf/kdj.k ;k mldh csap vksj vf/kdkjh,slh eqnzk,a mi;ksx esa yk ldsxs ftu ij fgunh vksj vaxszth esa,slk mrdh.kz ys[k gksxk tslk fd v/;{k vuqeksfnr djsa- 27- nlrkostksa dk fujh{k.k vksj mudh izfr;ka%&,slh 'krksz ds rfkk,slh Qhl ds iwoz lank; ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, tslh fd jkt; ljdkj bl fufer fofgr djs] vfhkys[k vksj ds nlrkostsa tks,sls vfhkys[kksa ds Hkkx:i gksa] lelr i{kdkjksa ;k muds vfhkdrkzvksa ;k fof/k O;olkf;;ksa ds fujh{k.k ds fy;s vf/kdj.k ds dk;kzy; le; ds nksjku [kqys jgsaxs] vksj ;Fkk iwokszdr ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] vf/kfu.kz;] vurfje dh vksj vu; nlrkostksa dh izfr;ka] ftuds fy, i{kdkj] muds vfhkdrkz ;k fof/k O;olk;h vkosnu djs] vf/kdj.k ds,sls vf/kdkjh ds izek.ki= ds v/khu nh tk,axh ftls v/;{k] lk/kkj.k ;k fo'ks"k vkns'k }kjk] ml fufer fu;qdr djsa- 27&d- vf/kodrk dh Qhl dk vo/kkj.k%& dk;zokfg;ka esa nksuksa i{kdkjksa esa ls fdlh i{kdkj dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k milapkyd gksus

10 okys vf/kodrk dh ns; Qhl mruh gkxh tks fofgr dh tk,-** 28- vfhkys[k jftlvj vkfn j[kus vksj tkudkjh rfkk vkadm+s nsus ds fy, vf/kdj.k dks funs'k nsus dh jkt; ljdkj dh 'kfdrk%& jkt; ljdkj] vf/klwfpr vkns'k }kjk] vf/kdj.k dks funsz'k ns ldsxh fd og& ¼d½,slh okfg;ka] ftuds vurxzr ys[kkokfg;ka] jftlvj] vfhkys[k vksj Qkbysa vkrh gsa] rfkk,slh dkykof/k ds fy;s] tslk fd,sls vkns'k esa fofufnz"v fd;k tk, j[ks( ¼[k½vf/kdj.k ds xbu vksj dk;zdj.k ds ckjs esa laflfkr] yafcr rfkk fuivk, x, izdj.kksa dh la[;k ds ckjs esa] ;k fdlh vu; laldr fo"k; ds ckjs esa,slh tkudkjh ;k vkadms],sls iz:i esa vksj,sls le; ds Hkhrj] tslk fd,sls vkns'k esa fofufnz"v fd;k tk,] jkt; ljdkj dks ns- 29- fu;e cukus dh 'kfdr%& ¼1½ jkt; ljdkj lk/kkj.kr% bl vf/kfu;e ds micu/kksa dks dk;kzfuor djus ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s fu;e cuk ldsxh- ¼2½ fof'k"vr;k vksj iwozxkeh 'kfdr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdqy izhkko Mkys fcuk],sls fu;eksa esa fueufyf[kr ds fy;s micu/k gks ldsxs& ¼d½ /kkjk 6 ds v/khu v/;{k vksj lnl;ksa dks ns; osru] HkRrs vksj vu; ifjyfc/k;ka ¼;fn dksbz gks½( ¼[k½ /kkjk 7 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu funsz'k dk izk:i **¼[k&[k½ ¼,d½ /kkjk 7 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu] funsz'k ds fy, Qhl] ¼nks½/kkjk 7 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu og Qhl tks vknsf'kdkvksa dh rkehy ;k muds fu"iknu ds fy, funsz'k ds lkfk nh tk,xh vksj,slh nlrkostas ;k vu; lk{; tks funsz'k ds lkfk fn, tk,axs( ¼[k [k [k½ /kkjk 7&d dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu og 'krz ftlds v/;/khu jgrs gq, dksbz funsz'k ;kfpdk xzg.k dh tk ldsxh**- ¼x½ /kkjk 8 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu lwpuk dk izk:i( ¼?k½ /kkjk 21 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu vf/kdj.k ds vf/kdkfj;ksa vksj lsodksa ds osru] HkRrs vksj lsok dh vu; 'krsz ¼M½ /kkjk 27 ds v/khu vfhkys[kksa vksj nlrkostksa ds fujh{k.k ds fy;s Qhl vksj os 'krsz ftuds v/;/khu jgrs gq;s,slk fujh{k.k fd;k tk ldsxk] rfkk iwokszdr nlrkostksa dh izekf.kr izfr;ka nh tkus ds fy;s Qhl ¼p½ vf/kdj.k] mldh cspksa }kjk rfkk vfhkdj.k ds v/;{k] lnl;ksa vksj vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk mi;ksx esa ykbz tkus okyh eqnzkvksa dk vkdkj vksj fooj.k( ¼N½ funsz'k] vkosnu vksj 'kifk i=ksa rfkk odkyrukek ds laca/k esa vksj nlrkostksa ] vkosnuksa ij ;k vf/kfu.kz;] vurfje vf/kfu.kz;] vkns'k] jk;] izek.k&i= rfkk vf/kdj.k ;k mldh csp ds le{k dh dk;zokfg;ka ds vfhkys[kksa dh izekf.kr izfr;ka rs;kj djus ds fy;s ns; Qhl vksj,slh Qhl nh tkus dh jhfr(** ¼N N½ /kkjk 27&d ds v/khu vf/kodrkvksa dks ns; Qhl-** ¼t½ dksbz vu; fo"k; tks fofgr fd;k tk;sa ;k fofgr fd;k tk ldrk gks- ¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;k x;k izr;sd fu;e fo/kkulhkk ds ivy ij j[kk tk,xk- 30- dfbukb;ka nwj djus dh 'kfdr%& ;fn bl vf/kfu;e ds ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fdlh fu;e ;k fd;s x;s fdlh vf/klwfpr vkns'k ds micu/kksa dks izhkko'khy djusa esa dksbz dfbukbz mn~hkqr gksrh gs rks jkt; ljdkj ml dfbukbz dks fyf[kr vkns'k }kjk tks bl vf/kfu;e ds ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ;k fd;s x;s vf/klwfpr vkns'k ds micu/kksa ls vlaxr u gks nwj dj ldsxh %ijurq dksbz Hkh,slk

11 vkns'k] bl vf/kfu;e ds izo`rr gksus dh rkjh[k ls nks o"kz dk volku~ gks tkus ds i'pkr~ ugh fd;k tk,xk- 31- fofu;eksa vksj dfri; vkns'kksa dk fo/kku lhkk ds le{k j[kk tkuk%& /kkjk 10 ds v/khu cuk;k x;k izr;sd fofu;e vksj /kkjk 30 ds v/khu fd;k x;k izr;sd vkns'k fo/kku lhkk ds ivy ij j[kk tk,xk vksj e/;izns'k lk/kkj.k [km vf/kfu;e] 1957 ¼Øekad 3 lu~ 1958½ dh /kkjk 24&d d micu/k mls mlh izdkj ykxw gksaxs tsls fd os fu;eksa dks ykxw gksrs gsa-

12 \i-~ ~ i1; 3RPfu" ffli I. W'6 ~ "'fl!<; 'l'@r (for-tr mlfi. ~) i1; ffl %a 31"3lf<i. -~ -;;ft, 2~ 2i-0Jlt1 i~ l"f.g/38 fu. "U. ~. ~ ". ( -:Jittl!-41-(0 I: ) ~-~ YcfilWltt - ' ' ~180] ~. '!IITT11:, ~ 30 ~ "?005-'J!Tq11[ 8, ffii 1927 ~.~29~,2005. ~-6275 /21-31" /~/'Ji.ff. /05.~~fi\m;r@ll~ f.l<-tkilmd ~~qi:~ 'Ii!'~ <fit~llll!it t~, ~I tt.fttl>il(ui <fit~~~~~<il@t~_- 1 ffilltt114 ~ ~ ~ 'llll" i't d'it...,~~ujt!i\, f<lq;,,,!{i5 ~. 3'1-~- 359

13 360.. ill...,,; Uol'llf, ~ 30 ~ ~1~1'1<$ ~ ( sfijlf<li 8 Iv{ ),.-.,1{1'14 q1>4f>!q 31Rl<ti<ut 31fllf.l4q, 1983 ( 1983 <fir!iiqf<fi 29) 'l\t ait< 1hilflla "'"' ~ 31fllf.l4q_ (i),, (3) 'lft>lm. 2. "'lo'"~-u ~~.,.,fl.,.,,.~~ 3Till<fi(1JI ~ ( 1983 <fit sfijlf<li 29 ), Q'TU 2 ~ 20 '51 3. mtr-r. 'lo'"~ ~ mu 2 ~ ~ ( 1 ) ( <ti) 1f<{ mu 20 ~ 3'ltTIU ( 1 ) if~ 1f<{ 3l<liT "II l'-'-1\'<lq 3Till<fi(1JI 311Qf.l4q, 1940 (1940 <filsfijlf<li 10 )" *~ 'l< ~ 1f<{ ~ ~lf<f ~. ~ (1996<filsfiJlf<li26)" ~t<rr~. mu 13 'lrrmtr-r. 4. ~. ~29 ~ sfijlf<li-6275/21-31/fjwt'jf/u.rr./05.-"fff.o * ~ * ~ 348 * {!IU;; (3) *~if m,l...,,; 111'-'1\'<III 31fQ<f>(UI (~) ~ (it. 811'{ 2005) <fit ~ ~ ~t ~ U ~ ll<fitfml t<rr.i@r l44;~*'1111u~, 311~W:jfil<, ~qe,ftig... ~. 3'1"-. '... ',.- :~ -.',,

14 &til\111$ 1Jo11l;r, ~ 30 ~ ( 1) CHHAITISGARH ACT (No. 8 of2005) THE CHHATIISGARH MADHYASTHAM ADHIKARAN (SANSHODHAN) ACT,2005- A Act to amend The Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, l983 (No. 29 ofl 983). Be it enacted by the Chhauisgarh Legislature in the Fifty-sixth year of the Republic of India. as follows :- I. (I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh MadhyastharnAdhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, Short title and commencement. (2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh. (3) It shall come into force from the date ofits publicaiion in ihe Official Gazette In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- "Pn!!dpal Adhiniyam" means the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of 1983). In Sub-section (I) (a) of Section 2 and Sub-section (I) of Section 20 of the Principal Adhiniyam, for the words and figures "Arbitration Act, 1940 (No. 10 of 1940)" the words and figures "the Arbitraiion and Cpnciliation Act, 1996 (No. 26 of I 996)" shall be substi_tuted. ~ftniuon. Amendment of Sec tioo 2 and In Section 13 of the Principal Adhiniyam for the word "Bhopal" the word "Raipur" shall be substituted. Amendment Section 13. of

15 ~- _, "~ ~ ~ 3RflIB 'sjq, ~~~~ (f.rr sjq, Wfic) -~ ffl t! 31:P'@. -~ -m '1w1~ ~13s fu. ~ f~, ~ 30.:s-2001." ~. ' ' ' ;rr\ '1"11'i., -~ 0uifl'l~t.~-,/ cfqi, /2003/ ". '... ( m:11t11~01 ) ~~- Ychff~_ld ~ 21] ~. ~. ~ 19 ~ qfq 29, ffii 1927.Ji,..._. fcn~ ~ fc{~ '2fil<f fc{'qlll 1-bm.1ll, ~ eti~101 ~ 'ltcr, ~ ~ 558/21-3lfSIWlUl/06. 0ul(PI~ fci'lclr B<qJ cfil f11-1f<'!f@a 3lf~ ~ 'l:r-~ 17-1:-2006 c!i't ~-aj ~,;mi m ' il i, ~ ffll1:ffi1ll cli1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i.!., I l, 0ulfl I~ if;-~~ 111'1 ~ (!2lJ 3i12.~ll:l,flR,. fcn:«;rr ~ ~' -zq-'lffitq _ 41

16 42 {hih-1 1~ m, ~.19 ~ 2006 grih-1',~ an~ (~3~2005) 0+ih-111f!. ~ ~ ( ffllr) ~, 200s. 2. gjl~,,~ l:j'l~ alf'l:l<rut alf~, 1983 (~ 29 ~ 1983) (~ ~ ~ ~ 1Fi alf~~ ~ "B ~t)cf>1 "ml7-l9 cf>1~mu(2)~~f11-1fc:1f@a~lfr!~ cf;1 :;;rrir,, 31?.ITTI_ :- " ( 2-c!,) ~mu ( 1 )* ~ fcfim <lib ~ma sll: 'i.ft, <H~-Jcj,~Up.f;W f.lt~pti~ "ifonfq, ~ "'feff m ~ (fqi f<l; ~ ~ ob" <ITfug ii m-;i ~ ~ ~mrt m cf;1 -;;rrcrr t, ~ ~ ~ q,hr@ eft -;;rrcrr t ~trn m -;;rrcrr t '4ft:~ ~ c:t "'1m t <TT fllim ~ urn 'B Bi:mr m -;;rrcrr t. <TT~~~~~~~~~~~'l!?m"'1i1Tt: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ID<:1 ~ cf;1 ~ t m ~ <liib mb ~min.. mu19w~.,, (1) ~../.1141<?14 ffi'{ljit'b f<l;m 'i.ft ~<TT alf~~ W'! l'.ffi; 0$ 'lttcl1:,>qfs,-ffil:ja.fcfitt ID<:1 ~ ~ ~ ~ fcf;it ~ ~ ~. fcl:;m ~ lcjlltt't <fi1 ~ ~ alf~ * 31~ alf~ f<l;m Tf4l t alf'l:l<rut clit 31~1l.-TT ~ ~ alf~ i:mcr! mi,. am~ 31~&1T )ITT! m ~- ~ ~../.11'41{'14 ~ ootrn 31fi-.J'Rllt'-I ~ ~ alf~ ~ <TT f~ : ~ 'Tffi8:flll <$full'.~ ~W'll:fm *~ ~ * $1'{ Tffiey,,J ~ * ~ ~@ 1'41... *~.1J6'Tf f<l;m-;;rrmi, <-t'r ~' ~ -lll-~lt-14 ~~~qr;:j~~f<l;~cjibitil cfitt'1t'ti'1 ftle),m\ll : - W W-<l, f<l; ~ fel1%"a' ~lc1' c!,j alf~ <TT WTURT ~;r ii ~.:.t141i!'i-<l ~f.l;:m ~-~<TT f.:rit<:r 0$ c!,r'jt ~ii~ Tf4l ~. ~ ~ ~ '~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m ml.".: \ I 1' I "U4:F, f~ 19 ~ 2006 ~ 558/21-31,'>IR>qtrf/06.-"1T@ ~ fflqr;:j 0$ 3tI;:.:)<; 348 ~ ~ (3) 0$ -~..:i i,'i11'cl I~ ITI'~ 31fi-~ (mtt'tr) 3lf~, 2005 (~,. 3 ~i_ 2005) c!,j ~ ~ ~iii? li" mf,p,p 11 rr,1~ ~ M "1J'ffi %. Wf;,-.;,r., :;- r,:'t'w'[ % -rti:i ft 71~.fl 611i:; 1lj+m, f"cllwlr ~<ifi"i{{' ~-~- ~ i

17 + 42 (I) CHHA TTISGARH ACT (No. 3 of 2005) THE CHHATTISGARH MADHYASTHAM ADHIKARAN (SANSHODHAN) ADHINIYAM, 2005 An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikar?n Adhinuyam, Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Fifty-Sixth year of the Republic of India as follows :'---, I. This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, Short title. 2. After sub-section (2) of section?-b of the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of 1983) (hereinafter referred to as the Principal Act), the following sub-section shall be added, namely : - Amendment of Section 7-B. "(2-A) Not~ithstanding anything contained in sub-section (I), the Tribunal shall not admit a reference petition unless it is made within three years from the date on which the works contract is terminated, foreclosed, abandoned or comes to an end in any other manner or when a dispute arises during the pendency of the works contract. Provided that if a reference petition is filed by the State Government; such period shall be thirty years." 3. For sub-section (I) of section 19 of the Principal Act, the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely :- Amendment of S~~tion 19. "(I) The High Court may suo moto at any time or on an application for revision made to it within three months of the award by an aggrieved party, call for the record of any case in which an award has been made under this Act by issuing a requisition to the Tribunal, and upon receipt of such requisition the Tribunal shall send or cause to be sent to that Court the concerned award and record thereof :.. Provided that any application for revision may be admitted after the prescribed period of three months, if the applicant satisfies the High Court that he had sufficient cause for not preferring the revision within such period... Explanation-The fact that the applicant was misled by any order, practice or judgment of the High Court in ascertaining or computing the prescribed period may be. sufficient cause within the meaning of this sub-section.'' _.., "

18 ~~~ Wfi ~ ~ 'i_p@r (faf:rr ~ WfiG)~ffl~~- ~. ~ iJffifl I~ ~/38 fi:r. ~ ~. ~ " ~~-. " 'dl{l l~~09/ " ( ~1.ttl~l~0I ) ~-~ \lchlwlcl ~ 201] ~. ~. ~ 30 ~ 201,2-~ ~. ~ 1934 fcrr~ 3lR ~ cfip.f fcj~ ii:511<.1ll, ~ cfi(-4101 ~ ~, ~ ~. ~ 30 ~ 2012 ~ 6344/m. 16s121-a:r~ me 1 1c; ~~'fil;hc1f<.1fom~~~~ 28.., cfil~cfil ~~'m~~' ~~cfil ;,fh~l-0 ~~~f<fi.:rr~t 0-cflfl ii; ~ <l.14m ~ -fli:f ~-tlm,jil~w:ifll(, ~;~-_,:muon, amm:<ffi ~- 401

19 402 ~~~, ~30~ 2012 (~14~2012) -,-rr¼ffi -:m:r, f~ ~ 1. m:- ~~- {h11«'1~~~~, 1983 (~ 29-«-f )cfil"atrnwnftrn cnb~~- 2. wa1t1 1 1~ ~ 3lf~ 3lf~, 1983 (~ 29 Wl. 1983) cfil mus cfil ~-mu (2-'cfi) if, ~ '"fil,j qlf' ~ ~ '!R, ~ ''"qfq qlf' ~ fcj;;.rr ~ "' ~, ~ 30 ~ ~ 6344/ir. 168/21-a:T~.~- lj./12.-,ma- ~ 'fifcr~ ~ ~ 348 ~ ~ (3) ~ ~ if {9'tlh lll~ ~ ~m-ol (ffl!:r) 3if'~, 2012 (~ 14 W{_2012}cfiT~ ~G {1~41(-l~mf'clcfiR*~~ ~ {1~41(-1 ~ ~ * ol!jt i:ill~l<lljflr, ~-~- il{41uo, ~ 'fl'r1cr.

20 CHHATI1SGARH ACT (No. 14 of 2012) THE CHHATTISGARH MADIIY ASTHAM ADHIKARAN (SANSHODHAN) ACT, 2012 An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Madhyasjham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of 1983). Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-third Year of the Republic of India, as follows :- ' l. (1) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh t,1:adhyastham Adhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, Short title, extent and commencement. (2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh. (3) It shall come into force from the dak of its- publication in the Official.Gazette. 2. In sub-section (2-A) of Section 5 of the Chhattisgarh Madhyasth!am Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (ijo, :29 of 1983), for the.words "three years" the words "five years" shall be substituted Amendment Section 5. of

21 ~~t~'5fcfi~t ~ W@R ( f.l.fy '5fcfi ft.nc ) t ~ ~ ~ - ~ -;;fi.2-2:h.d ltt li; ~ I 38 fu. ~- imrrt, ~ " ~~ "O«flti li;/~ / 09 / " (at~ lit 1(01) JU~cfil( ~!Acfil~ld ~300] ~. ~. ~ 17~2017-~ 26, ffl'i 1939 ~6581/~.142/ 21-ar/r;m;../u. TT./17.-odlti l4 ~ ~cti, f.li-tfc:lrsia~~~~o "ifil ~ '{?ci ~ "ifil~<fit ~ ~~~t, ~'ti ttcfttlllf(oi ~~t ~ ~ fti~t'\ll"rfl t_ od\,a,14 t~t.m:j~cfm i&l1~~11t11<, ~- t. ~. ~ ~- 599

22 600 odl~:m<t atfu~~~ (sfiltt<fi 8 ~ ) ffl ~ -61~Pl4fi. 'ifoil-emii ~ -61ftl<ti(Of -61ftlr.t4fi, 1983 (iii. 29 wt_ 1983) <til 3ITT mnf'tra 1. (1) 2. odl-a,1-; ~~~. 19s3 ('ii. 29 ~ 19s3)cfi'tum 4 cfi't~-um (3)it,- (~) ~ (cfi.f) it, - (<ti) mlftulfacnm~ ~:wrrramri;a11< ~-~ (<ti) 11, ~nm~ "ft:r.:nf' "t~ ~~~ ","QT.m@~ <~> ~ ~~. ~~iftamnm, "t~"cr. ~ ''Gl~'~M ri. ~'Ulfti~ (cfi.f)"t~ll. \$1Qcllcm.:1cfi ~it.~~. q)cflf cfi't~ ~ ~critrifil, ~ cflf m ~ ri ~~.~<ti<~-" 3. M-El li;~~(~)~,2015('ii. 4~2015)'cfil~~~\ffiffi t. sfilttcfi 6ss1/~. 142/ 21- ~ / r;m.,./u. 11./11.-'qfffl-t~-t ~ 348 "t ~ (3) "t ~11~ ~ cfi't...,.;~;.,,,.<94=cfi \$1futj,_-i.l-tl R-ticfi 'cfit ~ ~~ "t ~ ~ ~~ M\ffiffi t_ =-a.. odl-am; ~~-t "'1ft~nm\$11a:ia1:!,-E1R, ~ -"t. l@t, ~ ~ -

23 60 I (I) CHHATIISGARH ACT (No. 8 of 2017) THE CIDIATIISGARH MADHYASTHAM ADHIKARAN (SANSHODHAN) ADHINIYAM, An Act further to amend the Chbattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of 1983). Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-sixth Year of the Republic of India, as follows:- Short title, extent and commencement. I. (I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, (2) It shall extend to the whole State of Chhattisgarh. (3) It shall come into force from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette. Amendment Section 4. of 2. In sub-section (3) of Section 4 of the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of! 983), - (i) In clause (iii),- (a) In sub-clause (a), after the word "Irrigation", the punctuation and words ", Department of Panchayat and Rural Development" shall be inserted; and (b) For the words "five years", wherever they occur, the words "two years" shall be substituted. (ii) For proviso to clause (iii), the following shall be substituted, namely :- "Provided that in case of clause (iii), in exceptional circumstances, the State Government may, relax the prescribed minimum period of two years to one year or less than one year." Repeal. 3. The Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhyadesh, 20 I 5 (No. 4 of 2015) is hereby repealed.

24 ~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ( f.r-rr ~ ~) ~ ~ ~ ~- ~ ~ Mfi~!Jli; ~ I 38 fu. ~- ~. ~ " ~~ "~ O«'IWlll/;1~!71t// " (amll:41(01) ~ ~!il'f'il~ld ~251] ~.~.~5~2019-~14,fil941 ~ 6286/~- 111 /21-a1~./u.,r./19. -odl.a,11; Pcfur-rmu~f.li.tR:!Rskl ~~1R~ <fil ~cfil~m1<fm~i.~~cfil~~~~~~i. offil.a,11; ~~~ -ITTJ~-a~ ;$ji~1'111@:, 11".fN~~.~~- 501

25 502 3ffil-t M~ ~ ~9~2019) lh~~l1tl lit~ ~~ ~, (ii. 29 ~ 198 3) <fit ;m'{ 'dffift«f err-{~ 'dlfqf.:t~it. (1) ~~~ (sfi. 29~1983)~Qm2it,"JQ-Qm(1)it,~~) ~ " ifu"-+ "...:... -+rlrl...;...;f"-+n-::f... ~ <}1-tNil "'~~~ ~~'{t~hr<firmc'l1"'~"'~~~~"'... ' "''l..'"' ~.~~~cit. ~f.!mut-am~ ~ <fit Cfillf, -i1<1~(01 ffl f.!mut ffl, ~f.liriutffl, mttwm~'q"$~~'q"$~f.@a<filffl, l111.l~f.liriutffl, ~ ~ffi/~f.liriutffl, '{l/~~111q~ffl. ~~~/~~~ cfil~~~cfilffl, t.j~~ffl. 't~~~~itt-inf~ ~ f.!mut ffl" aio:~fifim~. ~-llr. ~ 27~ 2019 ~ 6286/~- 111/21-~/~-/u. Tf./19.-m«I~~~~ 348~~ (3)~~itwf<oo1J~ ~,a41,...,..;-ti...,~~<fi aifg<tlt-1-11 ~ cfit ~ ~~ ~ ID'ftr<fiR~ ~~ fif;m~ t udl-a~,i; ~~~.Jm~-am ~1~~11,-aR, 1AN pr ojf, ~ ~-

26 502 (1) CHHATIISGARH ACT (No. 9of 2019) THE CHHATTISGARH MADHYASTHAM ADIDKARAN (SANSHODHAN) ADHINIYAM, 2019 An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 (No. 29 of 1983). Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Seventieth Year of the Republic of India, as follows :- I. (I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, Short title, extent and commencement. (2) It shall extend to the whole State of Chhattisgarh. (3) It shall come into force from the date ofits publication in the Official Gazette. 2. In Section 2, in sub-section (I), in clause (i) of the Chhattisgarh Madhyastham Adhikaran Adhiniyam, 1983 ( No. 29 of 1983 ), after the word" transformers" and before the words "or such other words", the punctuations and words ",tube well drilling work, ramp construction and hand pump installation work, water purification plant construction work, intake well construction work, all types of pipe supply and pipeline laying work, pump house construction work, high level tank/ sump well construction work, raw/clear water pumps work, supply and establishment of iron removal plant/fluoride removal plant work, rain water harvesting work, construction of recharge structures related to ground water enrichment work" shall be inserted. Amendment Section 2. of