Gjeldende og kommende brannkrav til faste kabelinstallasjoner i bygninger og byggverk på land

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1 Nye brannkrav til kabler i Europa - Byggevareforordningen - CPR/Construction Products Regulation Gjeldende og kommende brannkrav til faste kabelinstallasjoner i bygninger og byggverk på land Elsikkerhetskonferansen 2015 Nye brannkrav til kabler i Europa under CPR Europacble-Norge TF-CPR NEK NK20 Ivar Granheim, Nexans Norway AS 1

2 Cables Fire requirements Dagens situasjon: Mange nasjonale test metoder I hovedsak basert på IEC /flame spread /flammehemmet and IEC /fire spread/brannspredning IEC serien for fire resistance/funksjonsdyktig/brannsikker/brannmotstand De fleste land har et minimumskrav til flammehemming Norge: IEC /NEK400 og max 50 MJ/m kabelinstallasjon i rømningsveier/tek- Guidance 2

3 Branneffekter fra kabler Bidrar til brannspredning Bidrar til røykutvikling Bidrar med irriterende og korrosive gasser Bidrar med brennende dråper Alt i varierende grad avhengig av kabeltype / materialvalg og mengde Brann i kabler kan medføre at livsviktig utstyr slutter å virke 3

4 Kommende krav og testmetoder Produktets bidrag til brannspredning / brannbelastning Ny test basert på IEC /A,B,C,D (EN 50266), som anbefales i noen bygg i dag/nek400 Ny testmetode = EN (strengere mhp. kabelmontasje ved avstand mellom kablene og høyere luftgjennomstrøming, fra: 5000 l/min, til: 8000 l/min. Modifisert til å måle varme- og røykutvikling i tillegg til brannspredning Observasjon av brennende dråper Dagens test = EN = CPR Brannklasse Eca 4

5 Brannklassekravene til kabler iht. NS-EN :2014 Gjeldende fra

6 Brannklassekravene til kabler iht. NS-EN :2014 Gjeldende fra

7 Standard Standards for Reaction to Fire are completed EN Product (umbrella) standard EN Classification Rules (CEN TC127) EN CPD Fire test method CLC TS Extended Application rules (for power cables only**) EN ISO 1716 (heat of combustion test) Completion date Published September 2014, publicated in OJEU Available Available, some refinements introduced* Published September 2014 Available EN (bunsen burner test) EN (smoke density test) EN/IEC (acidity) Available Available Available * Improvements for incorporation in EN amendment have been introduced: - Testing of flat cables - Procedure for testing on bundles of small cables ** EXAP rules for data/optical cables are now decided for Optical cables, for copper data cables are under active development 7

8 Performance classification, test methods and AVCP systems for Reaction to Fire Euroclass (ca) Classification criteria Additional criteria Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance system A B1 B2 C D E EN ISO 1716 Gross heat of combustion EN Heat release Flame spread EN Flame propagation EN Flame propagation Smoke production (s1, s1a, s1b, s2, s3) EN 50399/EN Acidity (a1, a2, a3) EN Flaming droplets (d0, d1, d2) EN initial type-testing and factory inspection and continuous surveillance of factory production control (FPC) with audit testing of samples by 3rd party notified product certification body initial type-testing by 3rd party notified testing laboratory FPC by manufacturer 3 F initial type-testing and FPC by manufacturer 4 8

9 Cable supply under the CPR New obligations for regulators: To determine whether to regulate for cables fire performance at national level. It may be focus on other products for the safety level, but it does not matter for the producer, whom has to CE-mark and make all obligations stated. A National minimum requirement will give less confusion in the market. To determine what class of performance is applicable for a given application To use the common Euroclass performance in any new applicable national regulation To determine the equivalence of the new classes to existing national classes (Sintef NBL A13111 report) To translate existing regulatory requirements into new requirements based on the Euroclass performance within the transition/co-existence period Obligations also apply for certain de facto regulators (monopoly operators) 9

10 Sintef report NBL A

11 Example from Sweden 11

12 Example from Sweden Deviations 12

13 What consequences to expect from CPR implementation? Manufacturers and importers Obligatory CE-marking for all cables for fixed installation in construction, including: Declaration of Performance (DoP/Ytelseserkæring) i landets språk, oppdatert iht. produktversjon Marking/Labelling New obligatory 3rd party certification with continued factory inspections/fpc (ISO 9000, 14000) and product testing for products with higher fire performance;. i.e. Cca, B2ca As above for FPC and initial, witnessed Type testing for all Fire classes including Fire class Dca and Eca, when major changes affect the properties of the cable. Changes in product portfolio Products complying with new fire tests, EN

14 Merking av produktene 14

15 Attestasjonsnivåer Gir grunnlag for Ytelses-erklæring (DoP) System Task for manufacturer Task for notified body 4 Initial type testing of product Factory production control 3 Factory production control Initial type of testing of product 2 Initial type of testing of product Factory production control 2+ Initial type testing of product Factory production control Testing of samples according prescribed test plan 1 factory production control Further testing of samples according prescribed test plan 1+ Factory production control Further testing of samples according prescribed test plan Certification of factory production control on basis of initial inspection Certification of factory production control on basis of initial inspection continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of production control Certification of product conformity on basis of tasks of the notified body and the tasks assigned to the manufacturer Tasks for notified body: initial type-testing of the product; initial inspection of factory and of factory production control; continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control; Certification of product conformity on basis of tasks of the notified body and the tasks assigned to the manufacturer Tasks for notified body: initial type-testing of the product; initial inspection of factory and of factory production control; continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control (once a year) audit-testing of samples taken at the factory, on the market or on the construction site (one sample from each family every 3 rd year) 15

16 Cable supply under the CPR Informasjonsbehov New obligations for users: To be aware of the new Euroclass performance To be aware of the availability of the DoP as a source of information on product performance To be aware of any applicable regulatory requirements To choose products most suitable for their intended use in construction works in both regulated and non-regulated applications Users may need to have a broad understanding of the relationship between the new common classes performance and that expressed through existing EU and International standards No changes to installation practice should be required due to CPR 16

17 Examples of Norwegian cable standards involved NEK 591 NEK 535 NEK 536 CENELEC HD 604-5D CENELEC HD 603-3J, 5J, 5K, 5M CENELEC HD 627-4B1/4B2, 7B1/7B2 Cenelec HD 620, 632 And EN 60364/NEK 400 Installation Standard 17

18 Nye brannkrav til kabler i bygninger i Europa Branntestene og språket blir det samme Brann- og sikkerhetskravene forblir forskjellige i forskjellige land Strengere krav kan fortsatt bli aktuelt i bygg/deler av bygg (feks. Brannklasse Dca) hvor det er: Mange mennesker Vanskelig å evakuere Kravsamordning mellom Nordiske land diskuteres 18

19 Technical requirements for cables Electrical properties Mechanical properties Ageing properties Fire properties Environmental properties (EF/EMF, chemicals/reach, RoHS, etc.) Handling properties Due to high risk in fire situations and dangerous contact/current 19

20 Difference in amount of smoke between a standard (Eca-s3d2a3)- and a Low fire hazard cable (Dca-s2d2a2) 20